山东省届高三招生模拟卷英语Word文档下载推荐.docx
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山东省届高三招生模拟卷英语Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Sometimeswemayfindthateveryweektherearealotofnewstoriesabouthowclimatechangeisaffectingtheplanet,ornewplanstobattleitseffects.Buttheconceptitselfisn’tnewatall—infact,scientistshavebeenexploringquestionsaboutclimatechangeforalmost200years.
Theideaof“greenhousegases”goesbackto1824,whenJosephFourierwonderedwhatwasregulatingtheearth’stemperature.Fourierconcludedthattheatmospheremustberesponsibleforcontainingtheheatabsorbedfromthesunanddescribeditasaboxwithaglasslid:
Aslightshinesthroughtheglass,theinsidegetswarmerasthelidtrapstheheat.AsFourier’sideasspread,itcametobecalled“thegreenhouseeffect”.
Scientistscontinuedtostudythegreenhouseeffect.NotuntilaSwedishchemistnamedSvanteArrheniuscamealong,didscientistsunderstandhowglobalwarmingactuallyworks.Afteryearsofwork,Arrheniusdeterminedthatthelevelofcarbondioxideintheatmospheredidinfacthaveadirecteffectonglobaltemperatures.
ArrheniusfoundthatCO2,andothergasestrapradiation,whichwarmstheatmosphere.Arrheniuswasthefirsttosuspectthatburningcoalcouldcontributetothegreenhouseeffect.ButArrheniuswelcomedthewarmingeffectontheplanet.Atalecturelaterthatyear,Arrheniusnotedthatcreaturesofawarmerearth“mightliveunderamilderskyandinlessbarrensurroundings”.
WhileArrhenius’findingswonhimthe1903NobelPrizeinchemistry,scientistskeptdebatingwhetherthegreenhouseeffectwasincreasinguntil1950,whenresearchersfinallybegantofindstrongdatasupportingit.Bytheendofthe1950s,Americanscientistshadbeensoundingthealarmonthelong-termconsequencesofclimatechange.ClimatechangeresearchhascomealongwaysinceFourierfirstdescribedthegreenhouseeffect—still,maybeArrheniusshouldhavebeenmorecarefulofwhathewishedfor.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?
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C.Theatmosphere.D.Theheatfromthesun.
5.Whendidthescientistsfirstfindevidenceforthebadeffectofglobalwarming?
A.In1824.B.In1903.C.In1950.D.200yearsago.
6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsArrhenius’wish?
A.Optimistic.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Ambiguous.
7.What’sthemainideaofthetext?
A.Causesofclimatechange.B.Effectsofgreenhousegases.
C.Findingsaboutglobalwarming.D.Explorationsonclimatechange.
C
It’scommonknowledgethatthewomaninLeonardodaVinci’smostfamouspaintingseemstolookbackatobservers,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.Butthiscommonknowledgeturnsoutwrong.
Anewstudyfindsthatthewomaninthepaintingisactuallylookingoutatananglethat’s15.4degreesofftotheobserver’srig
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