厄瓜多尔的建筑发展PPT资料.pptx

厄瓜多尔的建筑发展PPT资料.pptx

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ArchitecturedevelopmentinEcuadorNEOCOLONIAL/MODERNISM/CONTEMPORARYTHEHISTORICISMItwasanarchitecturalstyledevelopedbetweenthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Thisparticularstyleconcentratedallitseffortstorecoverthearchitectureoftimespast,imitatingarchitecturalstylesfromothererasandincorporatingsomeculturalspecificitiesofmoderntimesandthecountrywherewerelocatedthebuildings.Ontheotherhand,astyleverysimilartothehistoricismandittendstobeconfusedwiththis,so-calledeclectic,wasdedicatedtomixstylestogiveshapetosomethingtotallynew.NEOCOLONIALARCHITECTUREINLATINAMERICAWhileinLatinAmericancountries,fromMexicotoArgentina（includingthestatesofCaliforniaandFlorida,intheUnitedStates,ofastrongLatininfluence）,astyleknownasneo-colonial,andthatpresentsdiverserootsduetotheheterogeneityoforiginsofthecolonizingculturesofeachterritory,havebeenalreadytheseSpanish,Portuguese,FrenchorBritish.Forthisreason,thetermisverybroadandtherearedifferentversionsoftheneocolonialarchitecturebydifferenthistoricalandculturalreasons,dependingonthelocation.IncountriessuchasEcuador,withastrongSpanishcolonialpresenceatthebeginningoftheconquest,thismovementhadfertilelandinthemiddleofthe20thcentury.HISTORICISMARCHITECTUREECUADORAlthoughsomelateinrelationtoEurope,wherethisstylehadappearedattheendofthe19thcentury,thehistoricistarchitecturehadagreatboomintheEcuadoriancapitalaround1920,whenontheothersideoftheAtlanticbeganthedeclineofthesame.Thehistoricismcametoreplacetherepublicanstylethathadprevailedsincethetimeoftheindependenceofthecountryin1830,andhisstylebyotherbizarretothemannersofthetime,peoplecouldbeshockinginahome,butendedupbeingwellaccepted,especiallyinitsneobarrocoflowsandneocolonial.NEOGOTICHISTORICISMLARREACASTLE1940BASILICOFTHENATIONALVOTE1892NEOMUDEJARHISTORICISMTHEALAMBRAPALACE1932VILLAGOMEZYEPEZPALACE1932NEOCLASICACADEMICISTHISTORICISMFEMALEHIGHSCHOOLESPEJO1922VICEPRESIDENTPALACE1922NEOCLASICPALLADIANHISTORICISMSUCRENATIONALTHEATRE1879-1922OLDMILITARYHOSPITAL（MUSEUMOFCONTEMPORARYART）1899-1932NEOCOLONIALHISTORICISMECUADORIANCULTUREHOUSE1946CARRIONPALACE1939THEMODERNISMINLATINAMERICAInLatinAmerica,sculpture,paintingandarchitecturecometogetherinbuildingitsmanifestationsatdifferentscaleandintherealizationofdifferenttypes.SeveraltimesithasbeenassertedthatLatinAmericawasneverinthemodernismsense,wheremodernityarosefromacapitalistmodeofproduction,industrial,factorylineandstandardization,asamachineforliving,working,drivingandentertainment.Inthesouthitwasconceivedasaestheticsaspirational,combiningofmodernity,buthand-crafted,fromthefigurativeabstraction-often-andassociatedwithpoliticalratherMarxistswhoclaimedthesocialfunctionofthearchitectureandthevalueofthetechnologymadebyhand.PerhapswecanstretchtheargumenttoassertthatthemodernisminLatinAmericawasborninthepost-modernismtime,withitscollageofregionalismsandhybridizations,expressionism,itsorganicismandhisinterestimpregnablebythecontext.THEMODERNISMINECUADORTheconceptofModernArchitectureinEcuadorwasunderstandingassomethingstylisticmorethanchronologic.Itwascharacterizedfortheformsimplification,theabsenceoftheornamentandtheconsciencerenounceabouttheclassicacademiccompositiontakingreferencesinsidethedifferentreferencesdevelopedinmodernart.（Cubism,expressionism,futurism,etc.）Abovealltheuseofthenewmaterialsaslikesteel,concreteandtheapplicationofthetechnologiesassociatedinthechangeaboutthewaytoprojectandconstructthebuildingsandthespacesforthelifeandthehumanactivity.MODERNISMECUADORODRIOZOLAPLANFORQUITOCITY1942InthescenographicwhatOdriozola,baroqueandthefictional,whicharisefromadiscomfortwiththemodernurbanism,willhaveanimpactonthepicturesque,intheidealizationofthelandscapeandintheMythificationofthemountain.Inaddition,thenotesonQuitowillbeinternalizedaninterpretationofwhatthecitywantedtobe15,andthatJoneswilltrytoreachinvariouswaysthroughtheRegulatoryPlan.MODERNISMECUADORLAPREVISORABANK1939NationalArchive1955MODERNISMECUADORGADUMAG,CAJADELSEGURO.1959LEGISLATIVEPALACE1956MODERNISMECUADORCENTRALBANKECUADOR1963LAPREVISORANORTH1961MODERNISMECUADORCIESPAL1970HILTONCOLONHOTEL1974MODERNISMECUADORTEMPLEOFTHEHOMELAND1982MODERNISMECUADORQUITOCONTEMPORARYARCHITECTUREECUADOR1999-actualityAsitspointofdepartureEcuadorhadadeepfinancialcrisisthatproducedminimalinterventions,ofscarceresources,callsforaccountabilityinthemanagementoftheresourcessynthesizedintheaphorismdoalotwithalittle.“Thisarchitecturalculturedesignswithinprinciplesofeconomyofmeansandutilizationoflocalresources,makingthemostofthepopularcultures-theirefficiencyandperformancearisingfromtheneed.Manyofhisworksareofrehabilitation/extension-implosionorexplosion-intunewithitsproposaltoworkwithwhatthereis.Thenewworksarecloselylinkedwiththeideaofmakingthebestuseofresourcesthatareathand,bothnaturalandculturalandhumans.CONTEMPORARYARCHITECTUREECUADORFromthepointofviewoftheorganizationofth