英美教育的比较(英文版)Differences-Between-Chinese-Education-and-American.doc
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英美教育的比较(英文版)Differences-Between-Chinese-Education-and-American.doc
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本人为英语师范专业的学生~之前做中外教育比较报告的时候上google搜集了一些资料,现在分享给大家~希望有用~
DifferencesBetweenChineseEducationandAmerican Education
Passage1
12DifferencesBetweenChineseEducationandAmerican Education
PostedonJune1,2007byslkchina
ThisanalysisisbeingpreparedforapresentationIamgoingtomakeattheInternationalConferenceonInterculturalEducationinHarbin,ChinaonJune22-24. Iwouldbeinterestedinreceivingyourobservations,comments,questionsaboutthedifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericaneducationalpractices.
ClassSizeisthefirstnoticeabledifferenceatthemiddleschoolandhighschoollevel. Teacherstypicallyteachtwoclasses(inan8periodday)withfrom55to65students. Americansecondaryteacherstypicallyteachfiveorsixclasseswithclasssizesrangingfrom25to30. TheChineseteachersusetheirnon-teachingtimetogradepapersandtopreparefortheirclasses,exceptfortheheadteachers(banzhuren)whichwillbeexplainedlater.
WhileAmericansthinkthe"cohort"conceptisinnovative,Chinahasbeenusingitfordecades. ThroughoutChina, studentsbeginninginaschoolareputintoclassesandtheystayinthoseclasseswithoneanotherfortheentiretimetheyareinthatschoolunlesshighertestscorespermitthemtomovetoamoreadvancedgrouping. UnderstoodintheChinesesystemisthatthisgroupofstudentswilllearneachoftheirsubjectstogether. InAmerica,studentsarenotgroupedintosuchclasses. Instead,the30studentswhoaretogetherforEnglishclasswillberandomlysplitupintoanyoftheothersubjectsforthenextperiodandtheperiodafterthat,andsoon. Thenextyear,thestudentsaretotallymixedupagainintodifferentclasses. Occasionally,thesameclassofstudentswilltaketwocoursestogether,suchasEnglishandhistory,butthatisrare. TheChinesecarrythecohortconceptintotheuniversitylevelaswell. Myfourclassesofstudentsstaytogetherforalloftheirrequiredcoursesthewholetimetheyareatuniversity.
ChinesestudentsstayinthesameclassroomfortheirmainclassesandtheirteacherscometothemwhileAmericanstudentschangeroomseveryperiodandtheroombelongstotheteacher. Thus,Chinesestudentsdon’thavehallwaylockers. Studentssitinthesameseatsforeachsubjectandkeeptheirmaterialsinashelfundertheirdesktop. Manystudentshaveclothcoversfortheirdeskandothermeansofmakingit"homey".
ChineseeducationisbuiltonwhatAmericanscall"looping". Theteachersofthestudentsintheenteringclasswillalsofollowtheirsamestudentstothenextgradelevelandthenext. InAmerica,itisveryunusualforteacherstomovewiththeirstudentsfromonegradeleveltothenextatthemiddleschoolorhighschoollevelletalonetoloopfortheentireperiodoftimethestudentisinthatschool. Attheprimaryschoollevel,studentsbeginingradeonewithateacherandstaywiththatteachereveryyeartheyareinprimaryschool. Myuniversitystudentsreflectonthatteacherasbeingsoveryimportanttothemthattheyreallydidn’twanttoleavethemwhenitwastimetogotomiddleschool. Americanteachers,ontheotherhand, tendtospecializeinthecurriculumandcontentforaparticulargradelevelandthenstayatthatlevel. Sometimes,teacherswhowanttoteacholderstudentswillasktomovetoahighergrade,butthenthatteacherwouldtypicallystayatthatleveluntilretirement. ThatpracticemeansthatinAmerica,subjectmatterandteacherpreferencemightbevaluedmorehighlythanstudentneedsorstudentlearning.
AnothersignificantstructuraldifferencebetweenAmericanandChineseschoolsistheconceptofheadteacheror"banzhuren".Thebanzhurentakesadditionalresponsibilityindeliveringinstruction,supervisingtheirspecificclassofstudents,andinknowingtheirstudentsandthefamiliesofthestudentsandincommunicatingwiththosefamilies. Forlessthan200yuanpermonthmore,thebanzhurenwillarriveatschoolpriorto7:
00a.m.toprepareforthedayandtoworkwithearlyarrivingstudents. Thestudentdayatthemiddleschoolendsat4:
55andtheteachersleaveshortlyafterthat. Thebanzhurenwillnotonlyteachherspecificclassthatsheisinchargeofbutwillalsositinonmanyothersubjectsthroughoutthedaysoshecanmonitortheprogressofherstudentswithotherteachers,counselherstudents,andcontacttheparentsofthosestudentsifnecessary. Thebanzhurenwillmonitorherclassduringlunchandnapwiththemafterlunch. Onebanzhurentoldmethatsheislikeamothertothosestudentswhodon’thavetheparentalsupporttheyneed. Inaddition,atLiaoningNormalUniversityJuniorMiddleSchool(LNUJMS)thebanzhurensareexpectedtovisitthehomesandfamiliesofhalftheirstudentssometimeduringthefirsttermandtheotherhalfduringthesecondterm.
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