Pygmalion课文内容分析优质PPT.ppt
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Pygmalion课文内容分析优质PPT.ppt
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TableofContentsHistoricalContextTheMythBehindthePlayIntroductionsummaryandanalysisofactiiiThemesStyleHistoricalContextWorldWarIColonialismandtheBritishEmpireIndustrializationTheRiseofWomenandtheWorkingClassesWorldWarIBytheendofWorldWarI(asitcametobeknownlater),8.5millionpeoplehadbeenkilledand21millionwounded,includingsignificantciviliancasualties.Thewarconstitutedthemostintensephysical,economicandpsychologicalassaultonEuropeansocietyinitshistory;@#@BritainwasnotaloneinexperiencingdevastatingeffectsonitsnationalmoraleandotheraspectsofsocietyItisironic.ToShaw,thewaronlydemonstratedmoreclearlytheneedforhumanadvancementonanindividualandsociallevel,toreachalevelofunderstandingthatwouldpreventsuchtragicdevastationColonialismandtheBritishEmpireIn1914GreatBritainwasverymuchstillacolonialpower,butwhilevictoryintheFirstWorldWaractuallyincreasedthesizeoftheBritishEmpire,thewaritselfsimultaneouslyacceleratedthedevelopmentofnationalismandautonomyintheprovinces.InadditiontoprovidingasymbolicunitytotheEmpire,thelongreignofQueenVictoria(18371901)alsogavecoherencetoBritishsocietyathome,throughasetofvaluesknownasVictorians.Victorianvaluesrevolvedaroundsocialhighmindedness(aChristiansenseofcharityandservice),domesticity(mosteducationandentertainmentoccurredinthehome,butchildren,whoshouldbeseenandnotheard,wererearedwithastricthand)andaconfidenceintheexpansionofknowledgeandthepowerofreasonedargumenttochangesociety.BythetimeofVictoriasdeath1914,theyearofPygmalionandtheonsetoftheGreatWar,constitutedamuchdifferentkindofbreak,andsymbolic.IndustrializationThegrowthofindustrializationthroughoutthenineteenthcenturyhadatremendousimpactontheorganizationofBritishsociety,whichhadtraditionofalandedaristocracyandamorehierarchicalclasssystempyramidofdescendingranksanddegrees.Allowingforthegrowthofamerchantmiddleclass,industrializationchangedBritishsocietyintoaplutocracyaristocracyofmoneymorethanland.Socialmobility,however,stilldidnotwidelyextendintothelowerclasses,propagatingalackofopportunityreflectedinLisasanxietyoverwhatistohappentoherfollowingHigginssexperiment.Urbanpovertyremainedamajorsocialproblemaftertheturnofthecentury.Pygmalionsuggeststhesubjectivityofclassidentity,andtherapiddeteriorationofmanypremdustrialsocialstructures,butstrictclassdistinctionsofanotherkindneverthelesspersisted.TheRiseofWomenandtheWorkingClassesDuringthedecadewhichproducedPygalion,thepoliticalpoweroftheworkingclasmsincreasedgreatly,throughmassiveincreasesintradeunionmembership.Anewpoliticalparty,Labour,cameintoexistencein1893,advancinganeighthourworkdayandotherworkplacereforms.Meanwhile,reformstolawsconcerningsuffrage,therighttovote,furtherbroughtmen(andlater,women)oftheworkingclassintoBritainsevermoreparticipatorydemocracy.Onlyaftermanyyearsofpoliticalstragglebyorganizationsofwomenknownassuffragettesdidwomenachievetherighttovote:
@#@firstin1918forwomenover30whoalsometarequirementofpropertyownership,thenextendedin1928toallwomenovertheageof21(aswasalreadythecaseformen).Increasedpoliticalparticipationfurtherpromptedashiftinsexroles:
@#@Britishsocietyhadalreadynotedthephenomenonofthenewwoman,andwastoseefurtherchangessuchasincreasingnumbersofwomenintheworkforce,aswellasreformstodivorcelawsandotherimpactsupondomesticlife.TheMythBehindthePlayAccordingtotheMythologyGuideonline“Pygmalionsawsomuchtoblameinwomenthathecameatlasttoabhorthesex,andresolvedtoliveunmarried.Hewasasculptor,andhadmadewithwonderfulskillastatueofivory,sobeautifulthatnolivingwomancouldbecomparedtoitinbeauty.Itwasindeedtheperfectsem-blanceofamaidenthatseemedtobealive,andonlypreventedfrommovingbymodesty.Hisartwassoperfectthatitconcealeditself,anditsproductlookedliketheworkmanshipofnature.Anne-LouisGirodet-TriosonPygmalionetGalate,1819Pygmalionadmiredhisownwork,andatlastfellinlovewiththecounter-feitcreation.Oftentimeshelaidhishanduponit,asiftoassurehimselfwhetheritwerelivingornot,andcouldnoteventhenbelievethatitwasonlyivory.ThefestivalofVenuswasathand,afestivalcelebratedwithgreatpompatCyprus.Victimswereoffered,thealtarssmoked,andtheodorofincensefilledtheair.WhenPygmalionhadperformedhispartinthesolemnities,hestoodbeforethealtarandtimidlysaid,Yegods,whocandoallthings,giveme,Iprayyou,formywifehedarednotsaymyivoryvirgin,butsaidinsteadonelikemyivoryvirgin.Venus,whowaspresentatthefestival,heardhimBurne-Jones
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