SCI英文论文写作常见语法错误PPT文件格式下载.ppt
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SCI英文论文写作常见语法错误PPT文件格式下载.ppt
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00amuntil5:
00pm.Right=Everydayfrom9:
00pm,manytouristsvisitArlingtonCementary,wheremilitarypersonnelareburied.FaultyParallelismBesuretousegrammaticallyequalsentenceelementstoexpressthoughtsorwhenmatchingideasoritemsinaseriesWrong=Thecandidatesgoalsincludewinningtheelection,anationalhealthprogramandtheeducationalsystemRight=Thecandidatesgoalsincludewinningtheelection,enactinganationalhealthprogramandimprovingtheeducationalsystemUnclearPronounReferenceAllpronounsmustreferclearlytodefinitenouns.BecarefulwithIt,They,That,These,ThoseandWhichWrong=BecauseTomislessinterestedintheenvironmentthanineconomicdevelopment,hesometimesneglectsit.Right=Becauseofhisinterestineconomicdevelopment,Tomsometimesneglectstheenvironment,AcceptorExcept?
Acceptmeanstoreceive.Exceptisusuallyaprepositionmeaningbutorleavingout.Exceptcanalsobeaverbmeaningtoleaveout.Asverbs,acceptandexceptarenearlyantonyms,sothedifferenceisimportant!
Examples:
Heacceptedthegift.(Hereceivedit.)Heexceptedthetwins.(Hedidnotincludethem.)EveryoneexceptBill.(AllbutBill.)i.e.vse.g.i.e.isawayofsayinginotherwordse.g.isawayofsayingforexampleThere,TheirandThereThere=aposition.Thereitis.Canalsobeapronoun=Thereisalikelihoodofsuccess.Their=belongingto.TheirhandsarecoldThere=Theyare.Thereoverhere.DanglingParticipleOccurswhenaphraseisnotintendedtomodifywhatfollowsnextinthesentenceWrong=Afterrottinginthecellarforweeks,mybrotherbroghtupsomeorangesRight=Mybrotherbroghtupsomeorangeswhichhadbeenrottinginthecellarforweeks,ItsorIts?
Itsisthepossessivepronoun;
itmodifiesanoun.Itsisacontractionofitisorithas.Incorrect:
Themothercatcarrieditskitteninitsmouth.(Possessivepronoun,noapostrophe)Correct:
Themothercatcarrieditskitteninitsmouth.Correct:
Ithinkitsgoingtoraintoday.(Contractionofitis)Totestwhichtouse,saythesentencewiththewordsitisinit.Ifthatsoundsstrange,thenitsislikelythebetterchoiceMisconnectingverbsWrong=WeshouldtryandchangethelawRight=WeshouldtrytochangethelawAorAn?
Thearticleaisusedbeforeconsonantsounds;
anisusedbeforevowelsounds.Wordsbeginningwithh,oandusometimesbeginwithavowelsound,sometimesaconsonantsound.ConsonantSound:
aheroiccouplet(hsound)aonce-happylover(wsound)auniversalproblem(ysound)VowelSound:
anhonestman(nohsound)anonlychild(osound)anunusualinsect(usound)BetweenorAmongBetweeniswithtwopeopleorthings.Amongisusedwhendiscussingthreeormorepeopleorthings.Examples:
Shehadtochoosebetweenlicoriceandcherry.Shehadtochooseamonglicorice,cherry,andlime.BetweenisusedwithandandFromisusedwithto.Neverusetowithbetween.Incorrect:
WeshuttledbetweenNewYorktoChicago.Correct:
WeshuttledbetweenNewYorkandChicago.Correct:
WeshuttledfromNewYorktoChicago.NumberorAmount?
UsethewordamountwithquantitiesthatcannotbecountedUsethewordnumberwithquantitiesthatcouldbecountedone-by-one.Examples:
Hehadasmallamountofsolutionleft.Hehadasmallnumberoftubesleft.UseofbecauseafterthereasonDonotusebecauseafterthewordsthereason.Usethereasonplusthat,orelserewritethesentence.Thewordbecausestartsadverbclauses,butthenounreasonneedsanadjectivemodifier.Thewordthatintroducesadjectiveclauseswhichmodifynouns.Incorrect:
Thereasonheleftisbecausehewasfrustrated.Correct.ThereasonheleftisthathewasfrustratedCanorMay?
Canasanauxiliaryverbmeanstobeableto.Mayasanauxiliaryverbmeanstobepermittedto.Incorrect:
Canwetalk?
(Well,ifyoucansayit,youareabletotalk!
)Correct:
Maywetalk?
CouldOforCouldHave?
Couldofdoesnotexist.Neitherdos
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