英语国家社会与文化入门---美国经济优质PPT.ppt
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英语国家社会与文化入门---美国经济优质PPT.ppt
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LOGOLOGOLOGOContentsIntroductionofthefactorysystem“Americansystem”ofmassproductionTheapplicationofnewtechnologiestoIndustrialtasksEmergenceofnewformsofbusinessorganizationFourFourdevelopmentsdevelopmentsSamuelSlaterEliWhitneySewingmachines,thetelegraph,railroads,telephone.inthe19thcentury,greatimportancetotheeconomicfutureoftheUnitedStates.OverviewofinventionsandinventorsCottonandCloth,InterchangeableParts,FromAgriculturetoCities.AmericanAmericanindustrialindustrialrevolutionrevolution
(1)transportationwasexpanded
(2)electricitywaseffectivelyharnessedTheIndustrialRevolutionthatoccurredinthe19thcenturywasofgreatimportancetotheeconomicfutureoftheUnitedStates.ThreeindustrialdevelopmentsledthewaytoIndustrializationinAmerica:
@#@(3)improvementsweremadetoindustrialprocesses.SamuelSlaterSamuelSlateranearlyanearlyAmericanAmericanindustrialistindustrialisttheFatheroftheAmericanFactorySystemtheFatheroftheAmericanFactorySystembroughtBritishtextiletechnologytoAmericabroughtBritishtextiletechnologytoAmericaSamuelSlater(17681835)SamuelSlater(17681835)SamuelSlater(17681835)popularlycalledTheFatherofpopularlycalledTheFatherofpopularlycalledTheFatheroftheAmericanIndustrialrevolutiontheAmericanIndustrialrevolutiontheAmericanIndustrialrevolutionSlaterMillSlaterMillEliWhitneyEliWhitneyEliWhitneyNationalityAmericanBirthdateDecember8,1765BirthplaceWestborough,MassachusettsDateofdeathJanuary8,1825(aged59)EducationYaleCollegeChildren4WorkSignificantprojectsInterchangeableparts,cottonginSignatureCareerinventionsCareerinventionsCareerinventionsInterchangeablepartsInterchangeablepartsInterchangeablepartsCottonginCottonginCottonginMillingmachineMillingmachineMillingmachineCottonGinPatent.ItCottonGinPatent.ItCottonGinPatent.Itshowsshowsshowssawtoothsawtoothsawtoothginginginblades,whichwerenotblades,whichwerenotblades,whichwerenotpartofWhitneysoriginalpartofWhitneysoriginalpartofWhitneysoriginalpatentpatentpatentImprovementsonaImprovementsonaImprovementsonamusketmusketmusketlock.lock.lock.DrawingbyEliWhitney,1816DrawingbyEliWhitney,1816DrawingbyEliWhitney,1816CottonandClothIn1794,EliWhitneyinventedthecottonginwhichmadetheseparationofcottonseedsfromfibermuchfaster.TheSouthincreaseditscottonsupplysendingrawcottonnorthtobeusedinthemanufactureofcloth.FrancisC.Lowellincreasedtheefficiencyinthemanufactureofclothbybringingspinningandweavingprocessestogetherintoonefactory.ThisledtothedevelopmentofthetextileindustrythroughoutNewEngland.In1846,EliasHowecreatedthesewingmachinewhichrevolutionizedthemanufactureofclothing.Allofasudden,clothingbegantobemadeinfactoriesasopposedtoathome.EliWhitneyEliWhitneyEliWhitneycameupwiththeideatousecameupwiththeideatousecameupwiththeideatouseinterchangeablepartsinterchangeablepartsinterchangeablepartsin1798in1798in1798tomaketomaketomakemuskets(muskets(muskets(步枪步枪步枪步枪步枪步枪).Ifstandardpartsweremadeby).Ifstandardpartsweremadeby).Ifstandardpartsweremadebymachine,thentheycouldbeassembledatthemachine,thentheycouldbeassembledatthemachine,thentheycouldbeassembledattheendmuchmorequicklythanbefore.Thisendmuchmorequicklythanbefore.Thisendmuchmorequicklythanbefore.ThisbecamebecamebecameanimportantpartofAmericanindustryanimportantpartofAmericanindustryanimportantpartofAmericanindustryandtheSecondIndustrialRevolution.andtheSecondIndustrialRevolution.andtheSecondIndustrialRevolution.AsAsAsindustriesandfactoriesaroseindustriesandfactoriesaroseindustriesandfactoriesarose,people,people,peoplemovedfromfarmstocities.Thisledtoothermovedfromfarmstocities.Thisledtoothermovedfromfarmstocities.Thisledtootherissuesincludingovercrowdinganddisease.issuesincludingovercrowdinganddisease.issuesincludingovercrowdinganddisease.However,advancesweremadeinagriculturetooHowever,advancesweremadeinagriculturetooHowever,advancesweremadeinagriculturetooincludingincludingincludingbettermachinesandcultivatorsbettermachinesandcultivatorsbettermachinesandcultivators.For.For.Forexample,CyrusMcCormickcreatedtheexample,CyrusMcCormickcreatedtheexample,CyrusMcCormickcreatedthereaperreaperreaperwhichallowedquickerandcheaperharvestingofwhichallowedquickerandcheaperharvestingofwhichallowedquickerandcheaperharvestingofgrain.JohnDeerecreatedthefirstgrain.JohnDeerecreatedthefirstgrain.JohnDeerecreatedthefirststeelplowsteelplowsteelplowininin1837helpingspeedupfarmingacrosstheMidwest1837helpingspeedupfarmingacrosstheMidwest1837helpingspeedupfarmingacrosstheMidwest.WiththeincreasedsizeoftheUnitedStates,WiththeincreasedsizeoftheUnitedStates,WiththeincreasedsizeoftheUnitedStates,bettercommunicationnetworksbecameultrabettercomm
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- 英语 国家 社会 文化 入门 美国经济