免疫2_精品文档PPT文档格式.ppt
- 文档编号:15487032
- 上传时间:2022-11-01
- 格式:PPT
- 页数:35
- 大小:353KB
免疫2_精品文档PPT文档格式.ppt
《免疫2_精品文档PPT文档格式.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《免疫2_精品文档PPT文档格式.ppt(35页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
,2inter-relatedevents:
recognitionofantigenresponsetoantigen,Figure2,Theimmunesystemiscompartmentalisedtoenablelymphocytestocomeintocontactwithpathogens/antigens.,AntigenPresentation,Antigenpresentingcells(dendriticcells,macrophages),BlymphocytesandTlymphocytesareinvolvedinthegenerationofimmuneresponses.BothBandTlymphocytespossessantigenreceptorsintheircellmembrane.,Blymphocytereceptors(BCR),AntibodymoleculesboundtothecellmembraneformtheBcellreceptor(BCR)BCRcanrecogniseandinternaliseintactantigen.(antigenherecanbea3-dimensionalstructure),Figures3and4,StructureoftheBcellreceptor,Tlymphocytereceptors(TCR),TlymphocytesonlyrecogniseantigenassociatedwithMHCclassIandclassIImoleculesantigenhereisashortlinearpeptide-primarystructure,Figures5,6and7,StructureoftheTCRanditsinteractionwithMHC/peptidecomplexes,HowareimmuneresponsesDIVERSE?
EachTandBlymphocytehasaDIFFERENTantigenreceptorClonalexpansionofasinglecellresultswhenthelymphocytereceptormeetsitsspecificantigen.Expandedlymphocytesthendevelopdifferenteffectorandmemoryfunctions,FunctionofTlymphocytesI,Thereare2majorsub-populations.HelperTcells(Th)andcytotoxicTcells(Tc).ThcellsexpressCD4andrecogniseantigen+classIIMHC(onantigenpresentingcells).Antigenisapeptideof18-22aminoacids,andisderivedfromproteinsfromoutsidethecell.fightextracellularpathogens.(canproducesolublemediators=cytokines.),HelperCD4Tlymphocytes,FunctionsofTlymphocytesII,TccellsexpressCD8andrecogniseantigen+classIMHC(onallbodycells).Antigenisapeptideof9aminoacids,andisderivedfromproteinssynthesisedinsidethecell.NormallyselfpeptidesareexpressedinclassIMHC.fightintracellularpathogens.(canlysebodycells!
),CytotoxicCD8Tlymphocytes,FunctionsofBlymphocytes,Bcellantigenreceptor-membraneboundantibodymoleculeActivatedBcellsbecomeplasmacellsandsecreteantibody-potentsolubleeffectormolecues(IgM,IgG,IgA,IgE,IgD)NeedTcellhelptobecomeactivatedExpressclassIIMHCandcanactivateCD4+Tcells,FunctionsofBlymphocytes,Wheredoimmuneresponsetakeplace?
Specificlymphocytesneedtocomeintocontactwithspecificpathogen/antigentomakeanimmuneresponseThisoccursinthespecialisedmicro-environmentofthelymphnodeFigure8.Structureofalymphnode,Wheredopathogensenterthebody?
Barriers-skin,nasopharynx,gut,lungs(mucosa)a)recognisepathogenb)makeanimmuneresponseThemucosacontainsorganisedlymphoidtissue(egpeyerspatchesinthegut)andmanylymphocytes,Classexercise,WhathappensifIvaccinateyou?
WhydoIdothis?
Howdoesitwork?
WhyisiteffectiveWhathappenswhenyoueatfood?
Whathappenstofood?
Wheredoesitgo?
Doyoumakeanimmuneresponsetofood?
Whymightyouhaverheumatoidarthritisormultiplesclerosiswhatarethesymptoms?
whatishappening?
whatisthecause?
Sowhydontyourespondtoselfantigen?
Tolerance,TandBlymphocyteshaveuniqueantigenreceptorsTheTcellreceptor(TCR)isproducedbythegeneticorganisationgerm-lineDNAThereareapproximately1017differentTCRs!
Duringdevelopment,TCRsgothrough2selectionprocedures,Thymiceducation,Pre-Tcellintothethymus:
Positiveselection:
TCRbindstoMHC=GROWNegativeselection:
TCRhashighaffinityforMHC+selfpeptide=DIEmatureTcell,Figure9,Structureandfunctionofthethymus,WhathappensifIvaccinateyou?
Intentionaladministrationofaharmlessorlessharmfulformofapathogentoinduceaspecificimmuneresponsethatprotectstheindividualagainstlaterexposuretothesamepathogen.Stimulatespecificadaptiveimmuneresponse(antibodies;
Tcells)Memory,Figures10,11and12,Vaccinationprotocols,effectondiseaseprevalenceandimmuneresponse,Whathappenswhenyoueatfood?
IngestkilogramquantitiesofforeignantigenDigestandabsorbnutrientsetcDonotmakeanimmuneresponseagainstfood(exceptindiseaseeg)coeliacdisease-respondtoglutenThemucosalimmunesystemfunctionstoswitchoffresponsestoingested/inhaledantigens.,THISISORALTOLERANCE,Whymigh
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 免疫 精品 文档