土木工程毕业设计外文翻译最终中英文Word文件下载.doc
- 文档编号:15432494
- 上传时间:2022-10-31
- 格式:DOC
- 页数:19
- 大小:433KB
土木工程毕业设计外文翻译最终中英文Word文件下载.doc
《土木工程毕业设计外文翻译最终中英文Word文件下载.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《土木工程毕业设计外文翻译最终中英文Word文件下载.doc(19页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
7Rigid-FrameStructures@#@Arigid-framehigh-risestructuretypicallycomprisesparallelororthogonallyarrangedbentsconsistingofcolumnsandgirderswithmomentresistantjoints.Resistancetohorizontalloadingisprovidedbythebendingresistanceofthecolumns,girders,andjoints.Thecontinuityoftheframealsocontributestoresistinggravityloading,byreducingthemomentsinthegirders.@#@Theadvantagesofarigidframearethesimplicityandconvenienceofitsrectangularform.Itsunobstructedarrangement,clearofbracingmembersandstructuralwalls,allowsfreedominternallyforthelayoutandexternallyforthefenestration.Rigidframesareconsideredeconomicalforbuildingsofupto'@#@about25stories,abovewhichtheirdriftresistanceiscostlytocontrol.If,however,arigidframeiscombinedwithshearwallsorcores,theresultingstructureisverymuchstiffersothatitsheightpotentialmayextendupto50storiesormore.Aflatplatestructureisverysimilartoarigidframe,butwithslabsreplacingthegirdersAswitharigidframe,horizontalandverticalloadingsareresistedinaflatplatestructurebytheflexuralcontinuitybetweentheverticalandhorizontalcomponents.@#@Ashighlyredundantstructures,rigidframesaredesignedinitiallyonthebasisofapproximateanalyses,afterwhichmorerigorousanalysesandcheckscanbemade.Theproceduremaytypicallyincludethefollowingstages:
@#@@#@1.Estimationofgravityloadforcesingirdersandcolumnsbyapproximatemethod. @#@2.Preliminaryestimateofmembersizesbasedongravityloadforceswitharbitraryincreaseinsizestoallowforhorizontalloading.@#@3.Approximateallocationofhorizontalloadingtobentsandpreliminaryanalysisofmemberforcesinbents.@#@4.Checkondriftandadjustmentofmembersizesifnecessary.@#@5.Checkonstrengthofmembersforworstcombinationofgravityandhorizontalloading,andadjustmentofmembersizesifnecessary.@#@6.Computeranalysisoftotalstructureformoreaccuratecheckonmemberstrengthsanddrift,withfurtheradjustmentofsizeswhererequired.Thisstagemayincludethesecond-orderP-Deltaeffectsofgravityloadingonthememberforcesanddrift..@#@7.Detaileddesignofmembersandconnections.@#@Thischapterconsidersmethodsofanalysisforthedeflectionsandforcesforbothgravityandhorizontalloading.Themethodsareincludedinroughlytheorderofthedesignprocedure,withapproximatemethodsinitiallyandcomputertechniqueslater.StabilityanalysesofrigidframesarediscussedinChapter16.@#@7.1RIGIDFRAMEBEHAVIOR@#@Thehorizontalstiffnessofarigidframeisgovernedmainlybythebendingresistanceofthegirders,thecolumns,andtheirconnections,and,inatallframe,bytheaxialrigidityofthecolumns.Theaccumulatedhorizontalshearaboveanystoryofarigidframeisresistedbyshearinthecolumnsofthatstory(Fig.7.1).Theshearcausesthestory-heightcolumnstobendindoublecurvaturewithpointsofcontraflexureatapproximatelymid-story-heightlevels.Themomentsappliedtoajointfromthecolumnsaboveandbelowareresistedbytheattachedgirders,whichalsobendindoublecurvature,withpointsofcontraflexureatapproximatelymid-span.Thesedeformationsofthecolumnsandgirdersallowrackingoftheframeandhorizontaldeflectionineachstory.Theoveralldeflectedshapeofarigidframestructureduetorackinghasashearconfigurationwithconcavityupwind,amaximuminclinationnearthebase,andaminimuminclinationatthetop,asshowninFig.7.1.@#@Theoverallmomentoftheexternalhorizontalloadisresistedineachstorylevelbythecoupleresultingfromtheaxialtensileandcompressiveforcesinthecolumnsonoppositesidesofthestructure(Fig.7.2).Theextensionandshorteningofthecolumnscauseoverallbendingandassociatedhorizontaldisplacementsofthestructure.Becauseofthecumulativerotationuptheheight,thestorydriftduetooverallbendingincreaseswithheight,whilethatduetorackingtendstodecrease.Consequentlythecontributiontostorydriftfromoverallbendingmay,in.theuppermoststories,exceedthatfromracking.Thecontributionofoverallbendingtothetotaldrift,however,willusuallynotexceed10%ofthatofracking,exceptinverytall,slender,,rigidframes.Thereforetheoveralldeflectedshapeofahigh-riserigidframeusuallyhasashearconfiguration.@#@Theresponseofarigidframetogravityloadingdiffersfromasimplyconnectedframeinthecontinuousbehaviorofthegirders.Negativemomentsareinducedadjacenttothecolumns,andpositivemomentsofusuallylessermagnitudeoccurinthemid-spanregions.Thecontinuityalsocausesthemaximumgirdermomentstobesensitivetothepatternofliveloading.Thismustbeconsideredwhenestimatingtheworstmomentconditions.Forexample,thegravityloadmaximumhoggingmomentad
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 土木工程 毕业设计 外文 翻译 最终 中英文
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)