职称英语考试《卫生类》模拟试题及答案051027Word下载.docx
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职称英语考试《卫生类》模拟试题及答案051027Word下载.docx
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TheancientEgyptiansdependedontheNile'
sannualfloodstoirrigatetheircrops.ButanychangeinclimatethatpushedtheAfricanmonsoonssouthwardsoutofEthiopiawouldhavediminishedthesefloods.
DwindlingrainsintheEthiopianhighlandswouldhavemeantfewerplantstostablizethesoil.WhenraindidfallitwouldhavewashedlargeamountsofsoilintotheBlueNileandintoEgypt,alongwithsedimentfromtheWhiteNile.
TheBlueNilemudhasadifferentisotopesignaturefromthatoftheWhiteNile.SobyanalyzingisotopedifferencesinmuddepositedintheNileDelta,MichaelKromofLeedsUniversityworkedoutwhatproportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver.
Kromreasonsthatduringperiodsofdrought,theamountoftheBlueNilemudintheriverwouldberelativelyhigh.Hefoundthatoneoftheseperiods,from4,500to4,200yearsago,immediatelypredatesthefalloftheEgypt'
sOldKingdom.
TheweakenedwaterswouldhavebeencatastrophicfortheEgyptians."
Changesthataffectfoodsupplydon'
thavetobeverylargetohavearippleeffectinsocieties,"
saysBillRyanoftheLamontDobertyEarthObservatoryinNewYork.
"
Similareventstodaycouldbeevenmoredevastating,"
saysteammemberDanielStanley,ageoarchaeologistfromtheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashington,DC."
AnythinghumansdotoshifttheclimatebeltswouldhaveanevenworseeffectalongtheNilesystemtodaybecausethepopulationshaveincreaseddramatically."
WhichofthefollowingfactorswasultimatelyresponsibleforthefallofthecivilizationofancientEgypt?
【单选题】
A.Changeofclimate.
B.Famine.
C.Flood.
D.Populationgrowth.
正确答案:
A
答案解析:
A:
气候的变化。
第一段中有这样一个子句…ashiftinclimate…wasultimatelytoblame…最终须归咎于气候的变化。
在第一题的题解中,我们提到了“饥荒”与“古埃及文明毁灭”的关系。
但“饥荒”是表层的因素,“气候的变化”才是古埃及文明毁灭的深层的因素。
因此A是正确的答案。
B:
饥荒。
C:
水灾。
D:
人口增长。
2、HappyMarriage,HappyHeart
Happilymarriedpeoplehavelowerbloodpressurethanunhappilymarriedpeopleorsingles,aBrighamYoungUniversitystudysays.
Ontheotherhand,evenhavingasupportivesocialnetworkdidnottranslateintoabloodpressurebenefitforsinglesorunhappilymarriedpeople,accordingtothestudy.
Thereseemstobesomeuniquehealthbenefitsfrommarriage.It'
snotjustbeingnamed____benefitshealth-what'
sreallythemostprotectiveofhealthishavingahappymarriage,"
studyauthorJulianneHoltLunstad,apsychologistwhospecializesinrelationshipsandhealth,saidinapreparedstatement.
Thestudyincluded204marriedand99singleadultswhoworeportableblood-pressuremonitorsfor24hours.Themonitorsrecordedbloodpressureatrandomintervalsandprovidedatotalofabout72readings.
Wewantedtocaptureparticipants'
bloodpressuredoingwhatevertheynormallydoineverydaylife.Gettingoneortworeadingsinaclinicisnotreallyrepresentativeofthefluctuations(波动)thatoccurthroughouttheday,"
HoltLunstadsaid.
Overall,happilymarriedpeoplescoredfourpointsloweronthebloodpressurereadingsthansingleadults.Thestudyalsofoundthatbloodpressureamongmarriedpeople,especiallythoseinhappymarriagesdroppedmoreduringsleepthaninsinglepeople.
Researchhasshownthatpeoplewhosebloodpressureremainshighthroughoutthenightareatmuchgreaterriskofheartdiseasethanpeoplewhosebloodpressuredrops,"
ThestudywaspublishedintheMarch20issueofthejournalAnnals(年刊)ofBehavioralMedicine.
Thestudyalsofoundthatunhappilymarriedadultshavehigherbloodpressurethanbothhappilymarriedandsingleadults.
HoltLunstadnotedthatmarriedcouplescanencouragehealthyhabitsinoneanother,suchaseatingahealthydietandhavingregulardoctorvisits.Peopleinhappymarriagesalsohaveasourceofemotionalsupport,shesaid.
A.which
B.that
C.this
D.what
B
本题有点难度,考查强调句的用法,Itis+被强调的部分+that/who+…,此处是强调事物,所以用代词that,答案是B。
3、CollegeNightOwlsHaveLowerGrades
Collegestudentswhoaremorningpeopletendtogetbettergradesthanthosewhoarenightowls(晚睡的人),accordingtoUniversityofNorthTexasresearchers.
Theyhad824undergraduate(大学本科生的)studentscompleteahealthsurveythatincludedquestionsaboutsleephabitsanddaytimefunctioning,andfoundthatstudentswhoaremorningpeoplehadhighergradepointaverages(GPAs)thanthosewhoarenightpeople.
ThefindingthatcollegestudentswhoareeveningtypeshavelowerGPAsisaveryimportantfinding,suretomakeitswayin
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