常用数学符号英文对照Word文档下载推荐.docx
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常用数学符号英文对照Word文档下载推荐.docx
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4islessthan5
≥
greaterthanorequalto
5≥4,
≥
isgreaterthanorequalto
≤
lessthanorequalto
4≤5,
x≤y
()
parentheses
calculateexpressioninsidefirst
2×
(3+5)=16
[]
brackets
[(1+2)×
(1+5)]=18
+
plussign
addition
1+1=2
−
minussign
subtraction
2−1=1
±
plus-minus
bothplusandminusoperations
3±
5=8and-2
minus-plus
bothminusandplusoperations
5=-2and8
*
asterisk
multiplication
2*3=6
×
timessign
3=6
·
multiplicationdot
2·
÷
divisionsign/obelus
division
6÷
2=3
/
divisionslash
6/2=3
–
horizontalline
division/fraction
mod
modulo
remaindercalculation
7mod2=1
.
period
decimalpoint,decimalseparator
2.56=2+56/100
ab
power
exponent
23
=8
a^b
caret
2^3
√a
squareroot
√a
=a
√9
=±
3
3√a
cuberoot
3√a
3√8
=2
4√a
fourthroot
4√a
4√16
2
n√a
n-throot(radical)
for
n=3,
n√8
%
percent
1%=1/100
10%×
30=3
‰
per-mille
1‰=1/1000=0.1%
10‰×
30=0.3
ppm
per-million
1ppm=1/1000000
10ppm×
30=0.0003
ppb
per-billion
1ppb=1/1000000000
10ppb×
30=3×
10-7
ppt
per-trillion
1ppt=10-12
10ppt×
10-10
Geometrysymbols
∠
angle
formedbytworays
∠ABC=30°
measuredangle
ABC=30°
sphericalangle
AOB=30°
∟
rightangle
=90°
α=90°
°
degree
1turn=360°
α=60°
deg
1turn=360deg
α=60deg
′
prime
arcminute,1°
=60′
59′
″
doubleprime
arcsecond,1′=60″
59′59″
line
infiniteline
AB
linesegment
linefrompointAtopointB
ray
linethatstartfrompointA
arc
arcfrompointAtopointB
=60°
⊥
perpendicular
perpendicularlines(90°
angle)
AC
⊥
BC
||
parallel
parallellines
AB
||
CD
≅
congruentto
equivalenceofgeometricshapesandsize
∆ABC≅∆XYZ
~
similarity
sameshapes,notsamesize
∆ABC~∆XYZ
Δ
triangle
triangleshape
ΔABC≅ΔBCD
|x-y|
distance
distancebetweenpointsxandy
|
x-y
|=5
π
piconstant
π
=3.141592654...
istheratiobetweenthecircumferenceanddiameterofacircle
c
=
π·
d
=2·
r
rad
radians
radiansangleunit
360°
=2πrad
c
=2π
grad
gradians/gons
gradsangleunit
=400grad
g
=400
Algebrasymbols
x
xvariable
unknownvaluetofind
when2x
=4,then
≡
equivalence
identicalto
≜
equalbydefinition
:
weakapproximation
11~10
sin(0.01)≈0.01
∝
proportionalto
∝
when
kx,k
constant
∞
lemniscate
infinitysymbol
≪
muchlessthan
1≪1000000
≫
muchgreaterthan
1000000≫1
2*(3+5)=16
[(1+2)*(1+5)]=18
{}
braces
set
⌊x⌋
floorbrackets
roundsnumbertolowerinteger
⌊4.3⌋=4
⌈x⌉
ceilingbrackets
roundsnumbertoupperinteger
⌈4.3⌉=5
x!
exclamationmark
factorial
4!
=1*2*3*4=24
|
singleverticalbar
absolutevalue
|-5|=5
f
(x)
functionofx
mapsvaluesofxtof(x)
(x)=3x+5
(f
∘
g)
functioncomposition
g)(x)=
(g(x))
(x)=3x,g(x)=x-1⇒(f
g)(x)=3(x-1)
(a,b)
openinterval
(a,b)={x
a
b}
x∈(2,6)
[a,b]
closedinterval
[a,b]={x
≤
∈[2,6]
∆
delta
change/difference
∆t
t1
-
t0
discriminant
Δ=
b2
-4ac
∑
sigma
summation-sumofallvaluesinrangeofseries
∑
xi=x1+x2+...+xn
∑∑
doublesummation
∏
capitalpi
product-productofallvaluesinrangeofseries
∏
xi=x1∙x2∙...∙xn
e
econstant
/Euler'
snumber
e
=2.718281828...
=lim(1+1/x)x
x→∞
γ
Euler-Mascheroni
constant
γ=0.527721566...
φ
goldenratio
goldenratioconstant
LinearAlgebraSymbols
Examp
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