反射作用Word文件下载.docx
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反射作用Word文件下载.docx
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Yet,allthisworkwasfornothing.IntheWarof1812,theBritishburnedthemansiontotheground.TheWhiteHousewasrebuiltin1817.Thebeautyofitsdecorationsandfurnishingshasbeengrowingeversince.
1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.PresidentJohnAdamsandtheWhiteHouse
B.WhiteHouseToday
C.AHouseFullofHistory
D.WhiteHouseBefore1812
2.TheWhiteHousewassponsoredbythegovernment.Thismeansthatthegovernment.
A.receivedtheprize
B.Heldthecontest
C.didthedesigning
D.Wasagainsthavingacontest
3.JamesHobanwonthejobofbuildingtheWhiteHousebecause.
A.hisplanofthehouseseemedbetterthantheothers'
B.hewasthebestknownarchitectofhistime
C.heorganizedthecontest
D.heappliedforthejobtothegovernment
4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.ThepresentbuildingoftheWhiteHousehasbeenstandingforalmosttwocenturies.
B.ItwasJamesHobanwhofirstgottheideaofbuildingtheWhiteHouse.
C.ThenumberoftheroomsintheWhiteHousehasbeengrowingeversinceitwasbuilt.
D.TheWhiteHousegotitsnameattheturnofthecentury.
5.WecaninferfromthepassagethattheWhiteHousewasfirstbuilt.
A.onalowanddampsite
B.amongtreesandflowers
C.onasmallisland
D.onasmallhill
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Afterinventingdynamite,SwedishbornAlfredNobelbecameaveryrichman.However,heforesawitsuniversallydestructivepowerstoolate.Nobelpreferrednottotherememberedastheinventorofdynamite,soin1895,justtwoweeksbeforehisdeath,hecreatedafundtobeusedforawardingprizestopeoplewhohadmadeworthwhilecontributionstomankind.Originallytherewerefiveawards:
literature,physics,chemistry,medicine,andpeace.Economicswasaddedin1968,justsixtysevenyearsafterthefirstawardceremony.
Nobel'
soriginallegacyofninemilliondollarswasinvested,andtheinterestonthissumisusedfortheawardswhichvaryfrom$30,000to$125,000.
EveryyearonDecember10,theanniversaryofNobel'
sdeath,theawards(goldmedal,illuminateddiploma,andmoney)arepresentedtothewinners.Sometimespoliticsplaysanimportantroleinthejudges'
decisions.Americanshavewonnumerousscienceawards,butrelativelyfewliteratureprizes.
Noawardswerepresentedfrom1940to1942atthebeginningofWorldWarⅡ.Somepeoplehavewontwoprizes,butthisisrare;
othershavesharedtheirprizes.
6.Whendidthefirstawardceremonytakeplace?
A.1895
B.1901
C.1962
D.1968
7.WhywastheNobelprizeestablished?
A.Torecognizeworthwhilecontributionstohumanity.
B.Toresolvepoliticaldifferences.
C.Tohonortheinventorofdynamite.
D.Tospendmoney.
8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsinNOTtrue?
A.Awardsvaryinmonetaryvalue.
B.CeremoniesareheldonDecember10tocommemorateNobel'
sinvention.
C.Politicscanplayanimportantroleinselectingthewinners.
D.Afewindividualshavewontwoawards.
9.InwhichareahaveAmericansreceivedthemostawards?
A.literature
B.peace
C.economics
D.science
10.Inhowmanyfieldsareprizesbestowed(授予)?
A.2
B.5
C.6
D.10
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Inseekingtosolvetheirproblems,socialscientistsencountergreaterresistancethanphysicalscientists.BythatIdonotmeantobelittlethegreataccomplishmentsofphysicalscientists,whohavebeenable,forexample,todeterminethestructureoftheatomwithoutseeingit.Thatisatremendousachievement;
yetinmanywaysitisnotsodifficultaswhatsocialscientistsareexpectedtodo.Theconditionsunderwhichsocialscientistsmustworkwoulddriveaphysicalscientistmad.Herearefiveofthoseconditions.Hecanmakefewexperiments;
hecannotmeasuretheresultsaccurately;
hecannotcontroltheconditionssurroundingtheexperiments;
heisoftenexpectedtogetquickresultswithshowactingeconomicforces;
andhemustworkwithpeople,notwithnonlivingobjects.
11.Accordingtotheauthor,socialscienti
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