最新新版国际贸易术语解释通则Word格式.docx
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最新新版国际贸易术语解释通则Word格式.docx
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新版国际贸易术语解释通则
《新版国际贸易术语解释通则》1.PURPOSEANDSCOPEOFINCOTERMS……………………………………………………….2.WHYREVISIONSOFINCOTERMS?
……………………………………………………………..3.INCOTERMS2000…………………………………………………………………………………...4.INCOPRORATIONOFINCOTERMSINTOTHECONTRACTOFSALE………………………5.THESTRUCTUREOFINCOTERMS………………………………………………………………6.TERMINOLOGY……………………………………………………………………………………….7.THESELLER"
SDELIVERYOBLIGATIONS……………………………………………………….8.PASSINGOFRISKSANDCOSTSRELATINGTOTHEGOODS………………………………9.THETERMS……………………………………………………………………………………………10.THEEXPRESSION"
NOOBLIGATION"
…………………………………………………………..11.VARIANTSOFINCOTERMS……………………………………………………………………….12.CUSTOMSOFTHEPORTOROFAPARTICULARTRADE……………………………………13.THEBUYER"
SOPTIONSASTOTHEPLACEOFSHIPMENT…………………………………14.CUSTOMSCLEARANCE……………………………………………………………………………15.PACKAGING…………………………………………………………………………………………..16.INSPECTIONOFGOODS…………………………………………………………………………...17.MODEOFTRANSPORTANDTHEAPPROPRIATE………………………………………………18.THERECOMMENDEDUSE………………………………………………………………………….19.THEBILLOFLADINGANDELECIRONICCOMMERCE………………………………………..20.NONNEGOTIABLETRANSPORTDOCUMENTSINSTEADOFBILLSOFLADING………..21.THERIGHTTOGIVEINSTRUCTIONSTOTHECARRIER………………………………………22.ICCARBITRATION……………………………………………………………………………………..
1.PURPOSEANDSCOPEOFINCOTERMS
ThepurposeofIncotermsistoprovideasetofinternationalrulesfortheinterpretationofthemostcommonlyusedtradetermsinforeigntrade.Thus,theuncertaintiesofdifferentinterpretationsofsuchtermsindifferentcountriescanbeavoidedoratleastreducedtoaconsiderabledegree.Frequently,partiestoacontractareunawareofthedifferenttradingpracticesintheirrespectivecountries.Thiscangiverisetomisunderstandings,disputesandlitigation,withallthewasteoftimeandmoneythatthisentails.Inordertoremedytheseproblems,theInternationalChamberofCommercefirstpublishedin1936asetofinternationalrulesfortheinterpretationoftradeterms.Theseruleswereknownas"
Incoterms1936"
.Amendmentsandadditionswerelatermadein1953,1967,1976,1980,1990andpresentlyin2000inordertobringtherulesinlinewithcurrentinternationaltradepractices.ItshouldhestressedthatthescopeofIncotermsislimitedtomattersrelatingtotherightsandobligationsofthepartiestothecontractofsalewithrespecttothedeliveryofgoodssold(inthesenseof"
tangibles"
notincluding"
intangibles"
suchascomputersoftware).ItappearsthattwoparticularmisconceptionsaboutIncotermsareverycommon.First,Incotermsarefrequentlymisunderstoodasapplyingtothecontractofcarriageratherthantothecontractofsale.Second,theyaresometimeswrongly"
assumedtoprovideforallthedutieswhichpartiesmaywishtoincludeinacontractofsale.AshasalwaysbeenunderlinedbyICC,Incotermsdealonlywiththerelationbetweensellersandbuyersunderthecontractofsale,and,moreover,onlydosoinsomeverydistinctrespects.Nevertheless,theparties"
agreementtouseaparticularIncoterms,wouldnecessarilyimplicationsfortheothercontracts.Tomentionafewexamples,ahavingagreedtoaCFRorCIF-contractcannotperformsuchacontract byanyothermodeoftransportthancarriagebysea,sinceunderthesehemustpresentabillofladingorothermaritimedocumenttothebuyerwhichissimplynotpossibleifothermodesoftransportareused.Furthermore,-&
cdocumentrequiredunderadocumentarycreditwouldnecessarilydependuponthemeansoftransportintendedtoheused.Second,Incotermsdealwithanumberofidentifiedobligationsimposedontheparties-suchastheseller"
sobligationtoplacethegoodsatthedisposalofthebuyerorhandthemoverforcarriageordeliverthematdestinationandwiththedistributionofriskbetweenthepartiesinthesecases.Further,theydealwiththeobligationstoclearthegoodsforexportandimport,thepackingofthegoods,thebuyer"
sobligationtotakedeliveryaswellastheobligationtoprovideproofthattherespectiveobligationshavebeendulyfulfil1ed.AlthoughIncotermsareextremelyimportantfortheimplementationofthecontractofsale,agreatnumberofproblemswhichmayoccurinsuchacontractarenotdealtwithatall,liketransferofownershipandotherpropertyrights.breachesofcontractandtheconsequencesfollowingfromsuchbreachesmwellasexemptionsfromliabilityincertainsituations.ItshouldbestressedthatIncotermsarenotintendedtoreplacesuchcontracttermsthatareneededforacompletecontractofsaleeitherbytheincorporationofstandardtermsorbyindividuallynegotiatedterms.Generally,Incotermsdonotdealwiththeconsequencesofbreachofcontractandanyexemptionsfromliabilityowingtovariousimpediments.Thesequestionsmustheresolvedbyotherstipulationsintilecontractofsaleandtileappli
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