英语四级考试长篇阅读习题及答案Word下载.docx
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英语四级考试长篇阅读习题及答案Word下载.docx
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英语四级考试长篇阅读习题
(一)
HasatechentrepreneurcomeupwithaproducttoreplaceourmeA.s?
A.InDecemberof20XX年,threeyoungmenwerelivinginaclaustrophobic(患幽闭恐惧症的)apartmentinSanFrancisco’sTenderloindistrict,workingonatechnologystartup.TheyhadreceivedahundredandseventythousanddollarsfromtheincubatorYCombinator.buttheirproject—aplantomakeinexpensivecell-phonetowers——hadfailed.Downtotheirlastseventythousanddollars.theyresolvedtokeeptryingoutnewsoftwareideasuntiltheyranoutofmoney.Buthowtomakethefundslast?
Rentwasasunkcost.Sincetheywereworkingfrantically,theyalreadyhadnosociallife.Astheyexaminedtheirbudget,onebigproblemremained:
food.
B.Theyhadbeenlivingmostlyonramen,comdogs,andCostcofrozenquesadillas——supplementedbyVitaminCtablets,tostaveofrscurvy(坏血病)——butthegrocerybillswerestilladdingup.RobRhinehart,oneoftheentrepreneurs,begantoresentthefactthathehadtoeatatall.“Foodwassuchalargeburden,”hetoldmerecently.“Itwasalsothetimeandthehassle.Wehadaverysmallkitchen,andnodishwasher.”Hetriedouthisownversionof“SuperSizeMe.”livingonMcDonald’sdollarmealsandfive.dollarpizzasfromLittleCaesars.Butafteraweek.hesaid,“Ifeltlikelwasgoingtodie.”Kalewasalltherage——andcheap——sonexthetriedanall.kalediet.Butthatdidnotwork,either.“Iwasstarving,”hesaid.
C.Rhinehart,whoistwenty-five,studiedelectricalengineeringatGeorgiaTech,andhebegantoconsiderfoodasanengineeringproblem.“Youneedaminoacids(氨基酸)andlipids,notmilkitself,”hesaid.“Youneedcarbohydrates(碳水化合物),notbread.”FruitsandvegetablesprovideessentialVitaminsandminerals.butthey’re“mostlywater.”Hebegantothinkthatfoodwasaninefficientway:
ofgeRingwhatheneededtosurvive.“Itiustseemedlikeasystemthat’stoocomplexandtooexpensiveandtoofragile,”hetoldme.
D.Whatifhewentstraighttothelawchemicalcomponents?
HetookabreakfromexperimentingwithsoftwareandstudiedtextbooksonnutrifionalbiochemistryandtheWebsitesoftheF.D.A.,theU.S.D.A.,andtheInstituteofMedicine.Eventually,Rhinehancompiledalistofthirty-fivenutrientsrequiredforsurvival.Then,insteadofheadingtothegrocerystore,heorderedthemofrtheIntemet--mostlyinpowderorpillform——andpouredeverythingintoablender'
withsomewater.Theresult.aslurryofchemicals,lookedlikegooeylemonade.Then,hetoldme,“Istartedlivingonit.”
E.RhinehartcalledhispotionSoylent,which,formostpeople,evokesthe1973science-fictionfilm“SoylentGreen.”starringCharltonHeston.Themovieissetinadystopianfuturewhere,becauseofoverpopulationandpollution,peopleliveonmysteriouswaferscalledSoylentGreen.ThefilmendswiththeghastlyrevelationthatSoylentGreenismadefromhumanflesh.
F.Rhinehart’sroommateswereskeptical.Onetoldme,“Itseemedprettyweird.”TheykeptshoppingatCostco.Afteramonth,Rhinehartpublishedtheresultsofhisexperimentinablogpost,titled“HowIStoppedEatingFood.”Theposthasa“Eureka!
”tone.Thechemicalpotion,Rhinehartreported,was“delicious!
Ifeltlikel’djusthadthebestbreakfastofmylife.”DrinkingSoylentwassavinghimtimeandmoney:
hisfoodcostshaddroppedfromfourhundredandseventydollarsamonthtofifty.Andphysically,hewrote,“Ifeellikethesixmilliondollarmail.Myphysiquehasnoticeablyimproved,myskinisclearer,myteethwhiter,myhairthickerandmydandruffgone.”Heconcluded.“Ihaven’teatenabiteoffoodinthirtydays,andit'
schangedmylifc.”Inafcwweeks,hisblogpostwasatthetopofHackerNews——awatercoolerforthetechindustry.Reactionswerepolarized.“RIPRob,”acommentonRhinehart’sblogread.Butotherpeopleaskedforhisformula,which,inthespiritofthe“opensource”movement,hepostedonline.
G.OneofSiliconValley’sculturalexportsinthepasttenyearshasbeentheconceptof“lifehacking”:
devisingtrickstostreamlinetheobligationsofdailylife.therebyfreeingyourselfupforwhateveryou’dratherbedoing.Rhinehart’s“futurefood”seemedacleverwork.around.Lifehackerseverywherebegantotestitout,andthentomaketheirownversions.SooncommentersonRedditweresparringabouttheappropriatedoseofcalcium-magnesiumpowder.Atierthreemonths,Rhinehartsaid,herealizedthathismixturehadthemakingsofacompany:
“Itprovidedmorevaluetomylifethananyapp.”Heandhisroommatesputasidetheirsoftwareideas.andgotintothesynthetic.foodbusiness.
H.Toattractfunding,RhinehartandhisroommatesturnedtotheInternet:
theysetupacrowd-fundingcampaigninwhichpeoplecouldreceiveaweek’ssupplyofmanufacturedSoylentforsixty-fivedollars.Theystartedwithafund.raisinggoalofahundredthousanddollars,whichtheyhopedtor
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