分词作状语(附练习)Word文档格式.doc
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分词作状语(附练习)Word文档格式.doc
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C.
Seeing
lying
across
desk
D.
Lying
desk
分析:
分词作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。
根据这一原则,可知句子的主语I只能与see保持一致。
如果选A,
该句中没有连词,没能构成并列句和主从复合句,此时要选用非谓语动词形式。
所以选C
2,
Seen
from
hill,
park
looks
very
beautiful.
“Seen
hill”
是过去分词作状语。
根据这一原则,可知,“the
park”是“Seen
hill”的逻辑主语,它们之间表示被动关系,所以分词形式用seen.
二.确立句子主语可能是谁
确立句子主语可能是谁时,仍然遵循分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致的原则。
反过来要根据分词形式确立句子主语。
Having
been
attacked
by
terrorists,
_________.
doctors
came
to
their
rescue
tall
building
collapsed
an
emergency
measure
taken
warning
were
given
tourists
分析:
本题仍考查非谓语动词的用法。
句中“Having
terrorists”是现在分词作状语。
根据这一原则,可知“受攻击”的应是“the
building”,
即“Having
attacked”的逻辑主语是“the
building”.句意为“大楼因为受到恐怖分子的袭击而倒塌”.
答案:
B
三.独立主格结构
分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致,但当分词逻辑主语与主语不一致时,分词要有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种主语常常是名词或代词,置于动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式之前。
这种名词/代词+动词-ing/动词-ed结构在语法上被称为独立主格结构。
此时分词形式的选择取决于名词/代词与v-ing/v-ed形式所表示动作的逻辑关系,如果它们之间表示主动或分词动作正在进行,选择现在分词,如果它们之间表示被动或完成,选择过去分词。
名词/代词+动词-ing
Spring
coming
on,
trees
turned
green.
2,名词/代词+动词-ed
question
settled,
they
felt
released.
3,with/without+名词/代词+动词-ing/-ed
With
tree
grown
tall,
we
get
more
shade.
Our
school
beautiful
with
flowers
out.
battle
over
without
a
shot
being
fired.
四.分词作状语时,相当于一个状语从句。
______weight,
doctor
has
warned
me
keep
off
sugar.
I’m
putting
put
As
gaining
To
gain
在并列句和主从复合句中,
逗号只起分隔作用,
前后两部分的逻辑关系必须使用连接词来表达;
否则要使用非谓语动词.
该题中B,
C两项是非谓语动词作状语,
但其逻辑主语与主句主语不一致,
所以只能使用连接词来表达前后两部分的逻辑关系.
C
五.现在分词和过去分词作独立成分
英语中一些特殊的分词可用作独立成分,不需要逻辑主语。
这种无依着动词形式结构已经成为固定用法。
常见的不需要逻辑主语的动词-ing/-ed形式结构:
Considering
(that)…考虑到
supposing
(that)…
如果……
generally
speaking
一般说来
frankly
坦白说
Judging
from…
从…判断
talking
of…
说到……
Concerning…
关于
setting
aside...
除开……
Coming
to…
谈到
……
allowing
for...
考虑到……
Proving/provided
(that)…假定
supposing/suppose
(that)…假如……
既然
假设;
如果;
考虑到
坦白地说
as
whole
总的说来
1.
Put
frankly,
don’t
agree
what
he
said.
坦白地说,我不同意他说的话。
2.
Given
general
state
of
his
health,
it
may
take
him
while
recover
operation.
考虑到他的一般身体状况,他手术后恢复过来可能需要一段时间。
3.
Supposing
is
ill,
who
will
do
work?
假如他病了,谁来做这工作呢?
专项练习:
1._______with
size
earth,
biggest
ocean
does
not
seem
big
at
all.
Compare
When
comparing
Comparing
compared
first
______to
market,
these
products
enjoyed
great
success.
introducing
introduced
introduce
introduced
“We
can’t
go
in
this
weather,”
said
Bob,
_____
window.
looking
look
looked
having
looked
4.
interview,
manage
went
office,
interviewer.
finished,
followed
Finished,
followed
Finishing,
following
Being
following
5.
Finding
her
car
stolen,
_____.
policeman
asked
help
area
searched
thoroughly
It
everywhere
she
hurried
help
Key:
1-5
DBAAD
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