主语从句详解文档格式.doc
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主语从句详解文档格式.doc
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whatever,whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义.它引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等.
whatever=anythingthat;
whoever=anyonewho.要注意和whatever,whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别.
Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.(主语从句)
(=Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.)
Whoeverbreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.(让步状语从句)
(=Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.)
(4)用连接副词when,where,why,how引导名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语.)
例如:
Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.
Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepubic.
三、注意点:
it构成的主语从句
(1)由连词that引导的主语从句,在多数情况下放到句子的后面,而用代词it作形式主语.
Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.
=Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.
Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.
=Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.
(但当what引导的主语从句表示“…的东西”时,一般不用it作形式主语.)
错:
Itisabookwhathewants.
对:
Whathewantsisabook.
另外,需要注意的是,it作形式主语代替主语从句时,要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别.试比较:
ItwasreportedthattheUSwasundertheterroristattack.
Aswasreported,theUSwasundertheterroristattack.
(2)常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构
A.Itis+名词+从句
Itisafactthat…事实是……
Itisgoodnewsthat………是好消息
Itisaquestionthat………是个问题
Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识
类似的名词还有:
apity;
awonder;
agoodthing;
nowonder;
surprise等.
Itisamysterytomehowitallhappened.
Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.
ItisnosurprisethatBobshouldhavewonthegame.
It’sapitythatyoumissedthefilm.
B.Itis+形容词+从句
Itisnecessarythat…有必要……
Itisclearthat…很清楚……
Itislikelythat…很可能……
Itisimportantthat…重要的是……
类似的形容词还有:
Strange;
natural;
obvious;
true;
good;
wonderful;
possible;
unlikely;
quite;
unusual;
certain;
evident;
worth-while;
surprising;
interesting;
astonishing,etc.
Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.
Itwasreallyastonishingthatherefusedtotalktoyou.
Itisessentialthatheshouldbeherebytheweekend.
Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.
Itisnecessarythatyou(should)masterthecomputer.
ItisimportantthatastudentlearnEnglishwell.
Itislikelythatahurricanewillarrivesoon.
需要注意的是,这类主语从句中,谓语动词很多为“(should)+动词原形”,即要用虚拟语气.
C.Itis+过去分词+从句
Itissaidthat…据说……
Itisreportedthat…据报道……
Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证明……
Itmustbeprovedthat…必须指出……
类似的过去分词还有:
known;
estimated;
expected;
believed;
thought;
hoped;
noted;
discussed;
required;
decided;
suggested;
demanded;
madeclear;
foundout,etc.
Itisthoughtthatheisthebestplayer.
Itisestimatedthatthevaseis2000yearsold.
Itisusedtobethoughtthatanewstarmustbeduetoacollisionbetweentwostars.
Ithasnotbeenmadeclearwhenthenewroadistobeopenedtotraffic.
Itissaidthathewaskilledintheearthquake.
D.Itseems(happened/appears/doesn’tmatter/makesnodifference/occurred…)that…
Itseemsthattheywillwinthegame.
Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillattendthemeetingornot.
ItdoesnotmatterifImissedmytrain.
IthappenedthatIsawhimyesterday.
主从练习
1._____
as
much
one-fifth
of
all
timber
harvested
is
not
used.
A.
The
estimate
B.
estimated
C.
They
are
D.
It
that
2.
_____
some
mammalscame
to
live
in
the
sea
known.
Which
B.
Since
Although
D.
How
3.
we
have
achieved
attributed
guidance
our
parents.
Whoever
Whatever
However
That
4.
wealthy
does
necessarily
mean
that
a
man
greedy.
For
reason
he
Just
because
being
5.
___
happened
this
developed
country
sounds
like
science
fiction,
it
could
occurelsewhere
world.
which
what
how
it
6.
she
had
forgotten
take
her
notebook.
occurred
She
To
7.
I
am
sure
said
wrong.
what
8.
We
lost
way
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