2牛津高中英语模块一至四语法总结及练习文档格式.doc

2牛津高中英语模块一至四语法总结及练习文档格式.doc

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定语从句：

Theteamwhowerewearinggreen

2.定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which,that,who,whom,whose,或关系副词来引导，如when,where,why。

关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；

关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。

如：

做主语Thetreeswhichareontheschoolcampushavelosttheirleaves.

做宾语Thestudentwhomwesawjustnowisthebestrunnerinourschool.

做表语Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.

做定语ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.

做状语TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.

二定语从句：

关系代词：

that，which，who，whom，和whose

1.在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。

eg：

Thisisthestorythat/whichwewroteforourstorytellingcontest.

2.在定语从句中，who用来指代人。

IamgoingtoseeafriendwhohasjustcomebackfromtheUK.

3.当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。

Idon’tknowthenameoftheteacherwho/whomIsawinthecomputerroomtheotherday.

4.当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。

Helikesallthebirthdaypresents（that/which）hisfriendsgavehim.

5.Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。

IsatnexttoagirlwhosenamewasDiane.

TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayafternoon.

第二单元

介词提前的定语从句（preposition＋which;

preposition＋whom）

1.当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的前面。

Wethoughtyouwereapersonfromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecisions.

2.在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。

ArtisthesubjectwhichIknowlittleabout.

3.如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which可以被that取代，whom可以被that和who取代。

Dadisapersonwhom/that/whoIcaneasilytalkto.

4.当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常省略关系代词who和that。

Thetopic（which）EricisinterestedinisPhysics.

Danielistheperson（whom）Iwanttomakefriendswith.

5.当先行词是way时，我们用inwhich或that来引导定语从句，这种情况下，inwhich或that可以被省略。

Ididn’tliketheway（that/inwhich）shetalkedtome.

关系副词：

when，where，why

1．我们通常用关系副词when引导先行词是time，moment，day，season，year等的定语从句。

Doyourememberthedaywhenweleftyouincharge?

IoftenthinkofthemomentwhenIsawtheUFO.

2．我们通常用关系副词where引导先行词是place，house，city，country，city，world等的定语从句。

Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed.

Thisisnotafamilywherebadbehaviorgoesunpunished.

3．我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。

Idon’tknowthereasonwhythehouseissodirty.

4．在更加正式的英语中，where，when和why能够被介词＋which所替代。

Thestudyistheplacewhere/inwhichIoftenhavetalkswithmyfather.

Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichmyparentsgothomeearlier.

Itrainedthewholedaywhen/onwhichhetraveledwithhisfamily.

第三单元

非限制性定语从句

1．非限制性定语从句是一个为主句添加额外信息的从句，在非限制性定语从句前通常有个逗号。

Amy,whotookweight-losspills,nowrealizesthathealthisimportant.

Mypillsareinthebathroom,whereIalwayskeepthem.

2．当先行词是整个主句时，可以用which来引导定语从句。

Hemissedtheshow,whichwasagreatpity.

3．我们可以用all＋whom/which来表示全部数量，用someof＋whom/which来表示部分数量。

Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allofwhicharequitehelpfultomyhealth.

Manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweight,aregoingondiet.

定语从句练习

1.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?

A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone

2.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone

3.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?

4.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.

A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat

5.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesintoice.

A.atwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.ofwhat

6.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.

A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether

7.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.

A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which

8.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.

A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich

9.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.what

10.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.

A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that

11.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.

A.thatagainstsB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst

12.Didn’tyouseetheman__________?

InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnow

C.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow

13.Isthereanything__________toyou?

A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs

14.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?

”

----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”

A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat

15.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________who

hadalreadytakenthem.

A.theonesB.onesC.some