大学英语六级阅读真题模拟Word下载.docx
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大学英语六级阅读真题模拟Word下载.docx
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答案
Asitis,sleepissoundervaluedthatgettingbyonfewerhourshasbecomeabadgeo?
Plus,weliveinaculturethat36tothelate–nighter,from24-hourgrocerystoreto?
shoppingsitethatneverclose.It’snosurprise,then,thatmorethanhalfofAmericanadultsgetthe7to9hoursofshut-eyeeverynightas37bysleepexperts.
Whetherornotwecancatchuponsleep–ontheweekend,say-isahotly38amongsleepresearchers.Thelatestevidencesuggeststhatwhileitisn’t39,itmight?
whenLiu,theUCLAsleepresearcherandprofessorofmedicine,brought40sleep-restpeopleintothelabforaweekendofsleepduringwhichtheylaggedabout10hourspernight.?
showed41intheabilityofinsulin(胰岛素)toprocessbloodsugar.Thatsuggests?
upsleepmayundosomebutnotallofthedamagethatsleep42causes,whichisencouraging?
givenhowmanyadultsdon’tgetthehourstheyneedeachnight.Still,Liuisn’t43toendthehabitofsleepinglessandmakingupforitlater.
Sleepingpills,whilehelpfulforsome,arenot44aneffectiveremedyeither.“Asleepingpillwill45oneareaofthebrain,butthere’snevergoingtobeaperfectsleepingpill,becauseyoucouldn’treallyreplicate(复制)thedifferentchemicalsmovinginandoutofdifferentparts?
thebraintogothroughthedifferentstagesofsleep,”saysDr.NancyCollop,directoroftheEm?
UniversitySleepCenter.
A)alternativelyI)negotiated
B)catersJ)pierce
C)chronicallyK)presumption
D)debatedL)ready
E)deprivationM)recommended
F)idealN)surpasses
G)improvementsO)target
H)necessarily
答案:
BMDFOGELHJ
Climatechangemaybereal,butit’sstillnoteasybeinggreen
Howdoweconvinceourinnercavemantobegreener?
Weasksomeoutstandingsocialscientists.
A)Theroadtoclimatehellispavedwithourgoodintentions.Politiciansmaytacklepolluterswhilescientistsdobattlewithcarbonemissions.Butthemostpervasiveproblemislessobvious:
ourownbehaviour.Wegetdistractedbeforewecanturndowntheheating.Webreakourpromisenottoflyafterhearingaboutaneighbor’sriptoIndia.Ultimately,wecan’tbebotheredtochangeourattitude.Fortunatelyfortheplanet,socialscienceandbehavioraleconomicsmaybeabletodothatforus.
B)Despitemournfulpolarbearsandcartsshowingcarbonemissionssoaring,motpeoplefindithardtobelievethatglobalwarmingwillaffectthempersonally.RecentpollsbythePewResearchCentreinWashington,DC,foundthat75-80percentofparticipantsregardedclimatechangeasanimportantissue.Butrespondentsrankeditlastonalistofpriorities.
C)Thisinconsistencylargelystemsfromafeelingofpowerlessness.“Whenwecan’tactuallyremovethesourceofourfear,wetendtoadaptpsychologicallybyadoptingarangeofdefensemechanisms,”saysTomCrompton,changestrategistfortheenvironmentalorganizationWorldWideFundforNature.
D)Partofthefaultlieswithourinnercaveman.Evolutionhasprogrammedhumanstopaymostattentiontoissuesthatwillhaveanimmediateimpact.“Weworrymostaboutnowbecauseifwedon’tsurviveforthenextminute,we’renotgoingtobearoundintenyears’time,”saysProfessorElkeWeberoftheCentreforResearchonEnvironmentalDecisionsatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork.IftheThameswerelappingaroundBigBen,Londonerswouldfaceuptotheproblemofemissionsprettyquickly.Butinpractice,ourbraindiscountstherisks—andbenefits—associatedwithissuesthatliesomewayahead.
E)MatthewRushworth,oftheDepartmentofExperimentalPsychologyattheUniversityofOxford,seesthisinhislabeveryday.“Oneofthewaysinwhichallagentsseemtomakedecisionsisthattheyassignalowerweightingtooutcomesthataregoingtobefurtherawayinthefuture,”hesays.“Thisisaverysensiblewayforananimaltomakedecisionsinthewildandwouldhavebeenveryhelpfulforhumansforthousandsofyears.”
F)Notanylonger.Bythetimewewakeuptothethreatposedbyclimatechange,itcouldwellbetoolate.Andifwe’renotgoingtomakenationaldecisionsaboutthefuture,othersmayhavetohelpustodoso.
G)FewpoliticallibrariesarewithoutacopyofNudge:
ImprovingDecisionsAboutHealth,WealthandHappiness,byRichardThalerandCassSunstein.Theyarguethatgovernmentsshouldpersuadeusintomakingbetterdecisions—suchassavingmoreinourpensionplans—bychangingthedefaultoptions.ProfessorWeberbelievesthatenvironmentalpolicycanmakeuseofsimilartactics.If,forexample,buildingcodesincludedgreenconstructionguidelines,mostdeveloperswouldbetoolazytochallengethem.
H)Defaultsarecertainlypartofthesolution.Butsocialscientistsaremostconcernedaboutcraftingmessagesthatexploitourgroupmentality(心态).”Weneedtounderstandwhatmotivatespeople,whatitisthatallo
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