英语二2011年真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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英语二2011年真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation'
scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernmenta__4__tomakethewebasaferplace-a"
voluntarytrustedidentity"
systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech__5__ofaphysicalkey,afingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled__6__one.Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential__7__toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.
Theideaisto__8__afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.Userscould__9__whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver'
slicense__10__bythegovernment.
GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese"
singlesign-an"
systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto__11__justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.
__12__,theapproachwouldcreatea"
walledgarden"
incyberspace,withsafe"
neighborhoods"
andbright"
streetlights"
toestablishasenseofa__13__community.
Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa"
voluntaryecosystem"
inwhich"
individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith__14__,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure___15___whichthetransactionruns."
Still,theadministration'
splanhas___16___privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach;
othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould___17___beacompulsoryInternet"
driver'
slicense"
mentality.
Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith___18__bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe"
envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet__19__TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe__20__toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.
1.[A]swept [B]skipped [C]walked [D]ridden
2.[A]for [B]within [C]while [D]though
3.[A]careless [B]lawless [C]pointless [D]helpless
4.[A]reason [B]reminder [C]compromise [D]proposal
5.[A]information [B]interference [C]entertainment [D]equivalent
6.[A]by [B]into [C]from [D]over
7.[A]linked [B]directed [C]chained [D]compared
8.[A]dismiss [B]discover [C]create [D]improve
9.[A]recall [B]suggest [C]select [D]realize
10.[A]released [B]issued [C]distributed [D]delivered
11.[A]carryon [B]lingeron [C]setin [D]login
12.[A]Invain [B]Ineffect [C]Inreturn [D]Incontrast
13.[A]trusted [B]modernized [C]thriving [D]competing
14.[A]caution [B]delight [C]confidence [D]patience
15.[A]on [B]after [C]beyond [D]across
16.[A]divided [B]disappointed [C]protected [D]united
17.[A]frequently [B]incidentally [C]occasionally [D]eventually
18.[A]skepticism [B]tolerance [C]indifference [D]enthusiasm
19.[A]manageable [B]defendable [C]vulnerable [D]invisible
20.[A]invited [B]appointed [C]allowed [D]forced
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs'
boardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary2000;
ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUniversity.Fortherestofthedecadesheapparentlymanagedbothroleswithoutattractingmuchcriticism.Butbytheendof2009Mrs.SimmonswasunderfireforhavingsatonGoldman'
scompensationcommittee;
howcouldshehaveletthoseenormousbonuspayoutspassunremarked?
ByFebruarythenextyearMrs.Simmonshadlefttheboard.Thepositionwasjusttakinguptoomuchtime,shesaid.
Outsidedirectorsaresupposedtoserveashelpful,yetlessbiased,advisersonafirm'
sboard.Havingmadetheirwealthandtheirreputationselsewhere,theypresumablyhaveenoughindependencetodisagreewiththechiefexecutive'
sproposals.Ifthesky,andtheshareprice,isfalling,outsidedirectorsshouldbeabletogiveadvicebasedonhavingweatheredtheirowncrises.
TheresearchersfromOhioUniversityusedadatabasethatcoveredmorethan10,000firmsandmorethan64,000differentdirectorsbetween1989and2004.Thentheysimplycheckedwhichdirectorsstayedfromoneproxystatementtothenext.Themostlikelyreasonfordepartingabo
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