定语从句课件(公开课优质PPT.ppt
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定语从句课件(公开课优质PPT.ppt
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后面。
被被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词修饰的名词或代词叫先行词定语从句的一般结构是:
定语从句的一般结构是:
主句主句+先先行词行词+关系词关系词+从句从句Peoplewhogotoaformalwesternerdinnerpartyforthefirsttimemaybesurprisedbytablemanners.Besidesthenapkin,youwillfindasmalltoastandthreeglasseswhichareforthewine.Theknifeandforkthatareclosesttoyourplatearealittlebiggerthantheonesbesidethem.Dinnerstartswithasmalldish,whichisoftencalledastarter.Forthestarter,whichyoueatwiththesmallerpair,youkeeptheknifeinyourrighthandandtheforkinyourleft.定语从句的一般结构是:
主句主句+先先行词行词+关系词关系词+从句从句Iknowtheboywhoissittingonthedesk.主句主句定语从句定语从句先先行行词词引导引导词词引导词有关系代词:
引导词有关系代词:
whowhomwhosethatwhich关系副词:
关系副词:
whenwherewhy先行词:
被修饰的成分先行词:
被修饰的成分,即名词或代词。
即名词或代词。
关系代词在定语从句中有三关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用:
个作用:
1.引导一个定语从句;
引导一个定语从句;
2.在从句中代替先行词;
在从句中代替先行词;
3.在从句中担任某一句子成在从句中担任某一句子成份。
份。
1.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.2.TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.3.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.4.Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.5.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.6.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.7.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalktoisinthelab.8.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalkisinthelab.9.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.10.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.11.SheisthegirlwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.12.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.13.Hereistheboythatdamagedthevase.关系代词与关系副词关系代词与关系副词关系代词关系代词:
指人指人:
指物指物:
指人或物指人或物:
关系副词关系副词:
who(主格主格),whom(宾格宾格),whose(所有格所有格)which(主格主格,宾格宾格),whose(所有格所有格)thatwhen,where,why注:
注:
当先行词是当先行词是those,she,he,theythose,she,he,they等等代词时代词时,关系代词用关系代词用whowho.作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省,如介词提前则不能省,介词后面用介词后面用whichwhich或或whomwhom)ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.4whose在定语从句中作定语,表示引导词在定语从句中作定语,表示引导词与与whose后的名词为所属关系。
后的名词为所属关系。
whose多指人,也可指物,指物时可与多指人,也可指物,指物时可与ofwhich互换使用互换使用,即即the+名词名词ofwhichwhom或或ofwhichwhomthe+名词。
名词。
Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.ofwhichthebookDoyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?
HeisthestudentwhosepencilIbrokeyesterday.Theteacher,whosesonIworkwith,islikedbyallthestudents.Thechair,thelegsofwhicharebroken,isbeingrepairednow.3.which指物,指物,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)Thisrecorder(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?
DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?
Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?
that指人指人/物,作主语或宾语物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)作宾语可省略)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。
Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.
(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。
等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等修饰时。
修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。
that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。
(5)先行词是先行词是who或或who引导的主句。
引导的主句。
Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?
Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以主句以Therebe引导时引导时Thereare200peoplethatdidntknowthething.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時,关系表语時,关系代词用代词用that.Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.(8)当先行词是当先行词是which时,关系代词用时,关系代词用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?
1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.which2.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whomABBBthat和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用which而不用而不用that。
(9)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语(介词提前)宾语(介词提前)Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.(10)在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.(11)先行词本身是先行词本身是that,或句子中已经有了,或句子中已经有了thatWhatIwanttodoisthatwhichwillhelpusall.
(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.Thescientistwemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhointheworld.whomthat
(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.which(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Iha
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