语言学教程测试题及答案文档格式.docx
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语言学教程测试题及答案文档格式.docx
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C.relation
D.community
2.
Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?
A.tree
B.typewriter
C.crash
D.bang
3.
Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.〞is
__________.
A.interrogative〔疑问〕
B.directive
C.informative
D.performative
4.
InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowloraplatethehostorthepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“碎碎〔岁岁〕平安〞asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.Whichfunctionsdoesitperform?
A.Interpersonal
B.Emotive
C.Performative√
D.Recreational
5.
Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?
A.Transferability
B.Duality
C.Displacement
D.Arbitrariness
6.
Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctionsoflanguage?
—Aniceday,isn’tit?
—Right!
Ireallyenjoythesunlight.
A.Emotive
B.Phatic
C.Performative
D.Interpersonal
7.
__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’s
knowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.
A.Performance
B.Competence
C.Langue
D.Parole
8.
Whenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.Itcouldn’tbesorrowfulforsomelostloveorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof__________.
A.culturaltransmission
B.productivity
C.displacement
D.duality
9.
__________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.
A.Psycholinguistics
B.Anthropologicallinguistics
C.Sociolinguistics
D.Appliedlinguistics
10.
__________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.
A.Linguistictheory
B.Practicallinguistics
C.Appliedlinguistics
D.Comparativelinguistics
II.
Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)
11.
Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.F
12.
Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.TF?
?
13.
Speakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.FT?
14.
Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.F
15.
Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.F
16.
Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.F
17.
F.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.FSwiss
18.
AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare’stimeisanexampleofthediachronicstudyoflanguage.F
19.
Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.F
20.
Allthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.F
III.
Fillintheblanks.(10%)
21.
Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansof__verbal_communication.
22.
Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed__creativity________.
23.
Languagehasmanyfunctions.Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis___metalingualfunction_______.
24.
Theorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledthe__yo-he-ho________theory.
25.
Linguisticsisthe_scientific_________studyoflanguage.
26.
Modernlinguisticsis_descriptive_________inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.
27.
Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof___speech_______overwriting.
28.
Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa_diachronic_linguistic________study.
29.
Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts._langue_________referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.
30.
LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’s__competence________.
IV.
Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.(20%)
31.
Designfeature
Designfeature:
Itreferstothedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguagethatte
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