复合结构Word文档下载推荐.doc
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复合结构Word文档下载推荐.doc
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It’swrongofyoutospeaktotheoldmanlikethat.
It’scleveroftheboytofigureoutsuchadifficultmathsproblem.
二、动名词的复合结构
在动名词前面加上物主代词或名词所有格,表明动名词这一动作的执行者。
例如:
Doyoumindmy(Mary’s)openingthewindow?
Itisnouseyourpretendingthatyoudidn’tknowtherules.
但在口语中,这种结构如果作宾语(及物动词或介词的宾语),其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词的普通格。
Wouldyoumindme(Mary)openingthewindow?
Hewasangryaboutmehavingtoleaveearly.
I’mastonishedatJohnsuddenlystartingtotakeaninterestinginmusic.
但应特别注意以下几种情况:
1、动名词复合结构在句中充当主语时,其物主代词或名词所有格不能换成宾格。
Tom’sbeinglateagainmadehisteacherMrHopkinsquiteangry.
2、当动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的名词时,只能用普通格而不能用所有格。
Usuallyatthebeginningoftheschool,thenoiseofthedesksbeingopenedandclosedcouldbeheardoutinthestreet.
Icanneverforgetthesceneoftheboybeingbeatenbyhisfather.
Theboyswerealarmedbythedoorsuddenlyshutting.
Fireburnsbetterbyoxygenbeingatwork.
3、虽是有生命的名词但却表示泛指意义时,须用名词通格。
Itsoundedlikeawomancrying.
Bamboohaslongleavesthatswayinthewindlikeslimfingersreachingtotouchsomething.
4、两个以上的有生命的名词并列时,须用名词通格。
Doyouremembermybrotherandmecomingtoseeyoutheotherday.
【高考题再现】
1.____themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.(03’上海)
A.Thepresidentwillattend
B.Thepresidenttoattend
C.Thepresidentattended
D.Thepresident’sattending
【解析】从句子结构来看,整个句子缺少主语,故只能用Thepresident’sattending动名词的复合结构作句子主语。
答案为D。
2.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto___.(03’上海)
A.thethiefhavingcaught
B.catchthethief
C.thethiefbeingcaught
D.thethieftobecaught
【解析】从句中谓语动词ledto来看,其中的to是介词,后面须接动名词作宾语。
从题意来看,是“小偷被抓住”,故用动名词的被动式,所以此题的正确答案为C,动名词的逻辑主语thethief也可以用名词的所有格thethief’s.
Exercise:
1.IcanhardlyimaginePeter____acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.(91’)
A.sail
B.tosail
C.sailing
D.tohavesailed
2.Iwouldappreciate___backthisafternoon.
A.youtocall
B.youcall
C.yourcalling
D.you’recalling
3.Howaboutthetwoofus____awalkdownthegarden?
A.totake
B.take
C.taking
D.tobetaking
4.____asthemostexcellentstudentinheruniversity,asmostclassmateshadexpected,madeherparentsveryhappy.
A.Marywaschosen
B.Marychosen
C.Marybeingchosen
D.Mary’sbeingchosen
三、with的复合结构
即由“with+名词/代词+adj./adv./prep.phrase/doing/done/todo…etc.”,在此结构中的名词或代词充当逻辑主语,而后面的形容词/副词/分词等充当逻辑谓语,整个结构可在句中充当定语、状语。
1.with+O.+介词短语
Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides(定语)
Thepoorboy,withabasketonherback,searchedalldayfromtheriversidetothefootofthemountain.
Wesatonthedrygrasswithourbackstothewall.
Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.
Hiswifecamedownthestairs,withheryear-oldsoninherarms.
2.with+O.+过去分词
Newsreporterssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.
Themeetingendedwithnothingsettled.
Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorclosed.
Icouldnotleavewithmyworkunfinished.
Hewaslisteningtothemusicwithhiseyeshalfclosed.
3.with+O.+现在分词
Iwon’tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.
Withwintercomingon,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.
Hesoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.
Youcouldseehimwithhisarmsstickingout.
Shelookedinmyfacewithtearsstreamingdownherface.
4.with+O.+动词不定式
Withhertohelpme,Ifeelquiteatease.
Theystartedofflateandgototheairportwithminutestospare.
Withallhisworktodo,Idon’tknowifI’llhavetimetogoout.
WithJohntocome,we’llhavefourgueststoday.
5.with+O.+副词或形容词
Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.
Shefollowedhimwithherheaddown.
Whatalonelyworlditwillbewithyouaway!
Heworeashirtwiththeneckopen.
Don’ttalkwithyourmouthfull.
注意在此复合结构中,根据句意不同,我们也可以把with改为without。
Formilesaroundmetherewasnothingbutadesert,withoutasingleplantortreeinsight.
Withoutawordmorespoken,helefttheroom.
1.Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands____behindhisback.(91’)
A.beingtied
B.havingtied
C.tobetied
D.tied
2.Withalotofproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002’)
A.settled
B.settling
C.tosettle
D.beingsettled
3.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkw
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