新高考英语二轮复习 说明文阅读理解 专项练习题Word版含答案Word下载.docx
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新高考英语二轮复习 说明文阅读理解 专项练习题Word版含答案Word下载.docx
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新课标ⅠC)
Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.
Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接触)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.
Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.
However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.
Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.
28.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?
A.Theymustrunlongdistances.
B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.
C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.
D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.
29.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?
A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.
B.It’slesschallengingphysically.
C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.
D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.
30.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?
A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.
C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.
31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?
A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.
【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B
二(2020·
新课标ⅠD)
Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.
TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater."We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.
Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsgrow(发光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreeintoself-poweredstreetlamps.
inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff"switch"wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.
Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(电源)-suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(传输).
Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.
32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.
B.Abigfallincrimerates.
C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.
D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.
33.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer?
A.Todetectplants’lackofwater
B.Tochangecompositionsofplants
C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.
D.Totest
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