《欧洲文化入门》练习及参考答案Word格式.doc
- 文档编号:14569634
- 上传时间:2022-10-23
- 格式:DOC
- 页数:21
- 大小:119.50KB
《欧洲文化入门》练习及参考答案Word格式.doc
《《欧洲文化入门》练习及参考答案Word格式.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《《欧洲文化入门》练习及参考答案Word格式.doc(21页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
4.__________iscalled“FatherofHistory”.Herodotus
5.________isthegreatesthistorianthateverlived.Thucydides
6.ThedividingrangeintheRomanhistoryrefersto________.27B.C.
7.“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.”isafamoussayingby_______.JuliusCaesar
8.TherepresentationformofGreekDemocracyis__________.citizen-assembly.
判断题
1.Euclidsays“Givemeaplacetostand,andIwillmovetheworld”.(×
)Archimedes
2.Herodotus’shistoricalwritingisonthewarbetweenAnthensandSparta.(×
)GreeksandPersians
名词解释:
1.PaxRomana
答:
IntheRomanhistory,therecametwohundredyearsofpeacefultime,whichwasguaranteedbytheRomanlegions,itwasknownasPaxRomana
2.“Democracy”inancientGreece
1)Democracymeans“exerciseofpowerbythewholepeople”,butinGreeceby“thewholepeople”theGreeksmeantonlytheadultmalecitizens.
2)Women,children,foreignersandslaveswereexcludedfromDemocracy.
论述题:
1.HowdidtheGreekCultureoriginateanddevelop?
1)Probablyaround1200B.C.,awarwasfoughtbetweenGreeceandtroy.ThisisthewarthatHomerreferstoinhisepics.
2)Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C.
A.ThesuccessfulrepulseofthePersianinvasionearlyinthe5thcentury.
B.Theestablishmentofdemocracy.
C.Theflourishingofscience,philosophy,literature,artandhistoricalwritinginAthens.
3)The5thcenturyclosedwithcivilwarbetweenAthensandSparta.
4)Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,GreecewasconqueredbyAlexander,kingofMacedon.Wheneverhewent
andconquered,wheneverGreekculturewasfound.
5)MeltingbetweenGreekcultureandRomanculturein146B.C.,theRomansconqueredGreece.
2.WhatisthegreatsignificanceofGreekCultureonthelater-onculturaldevelopment?
TherehasbeenanenduringexcitementaboutclassicalGreekcultureinEuropeandelsewhereRediscoveryofGreekcultureplayedavitalpartintheRenaissanceinItalyandotherEuropeancountries.
1)Spiritofinnovation
TheGreekpeopleinventedmathematicsandscienceandphilosophy;
Theyfirstwrotehistoryasopposedtomereannals;
Theyspeculatedfreelyaboutthenatureoftheworldandtheendsoflife,withoutbeingboundinthefettersof
anyinheritedorthodoxy.
2)SupremeAchievement
TheGreeksachievedsupremeachievementsinnearlyallfieldsofhumanendeavour:
Philosophy,science,epicpoetry,comedy,historicalwriting,architecture,etc.
3)Lastingeffect
A.Countlesswritershavequoted,borrowedfromandotherwiseusedHomer’sepics,thetragediesofAeschylusandSophoclesandEuripides,Aristophanes’scomedies,Plato’sDialogues,ect.
B.Intheearlypartofthe19thcentury,inEnglandalone,threeyoungRomanticpoetsexpressedtheiradmirationofGreekcultureinworkswhichhavethemselvesbecomeclassics:
Byron’sIslesofGreece,Shelley’sHellasandPrometheusUnboundandKeats’sOdeonaGrecianUrn.C.Inthe20thcentury,thereareHomericparallelsintheIrishmanJamesJoyce’smodernistmasterpieceUlysses.
3.WhatisthesimilarityanddifferencebetweenGreekcultureandRomanculture?
1)similarities:
A.Bothpeopleshadtraditionsrootedintheideaofthecitizen-assembly.
B.Theirreligionswerealikeenoughformostoftheirdeitiestobereadilyidentified,andtheirmythstobefused.
C.Theirlanguagesworkedinsimilarways,bothbeingmembersoftheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.
2)differences:
A.TheRomansbuiltupavastempire;
theGreeksdidn’t,exceptforthebriefmomentofAlexander’sconquests,whichsoondisintegrated.
B.TheRomanswereconfidentintheirownorganizationalpower,theirmilitaryandadministrativecapabilities.
4.WhatistheRomehistoricalbackground?
1)ThehistoryofRomedividedintotwoperiods:
Beforetheyear27B.C.,Romehadbeenarepublic;
fromtheyear27B.C.,OctaviustooksupremepowerasemperorwiththetitleofAugustusandRomanEmpirebegan.
2)Twocenturieslater,theRomanEmpirereacheditsclimax,markedbylandarea’sextension:
EncirclingtheMediterranean.
3)Strongmilitarypower:
thefamousRomanlegions.
4)IntheRomanhistory,therecametwohundredyearsofpeacefultime,whichwasguaranteedbytheRomanlegions,
itwasknownasPaxRomana.
5)AnotherimportantcontributionmadebytheRomanstoEuropeanculturewasRomanLaw.
6)Theempirebegantodeclineinthe3rdcentury.
A.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 欧洲文化入门 欧洲 文化 入门 练习 参考答案