外文翻译基于锁相环的测量信号的处理与仿真Word格式.doc
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外文翻译基于锁相环的测量信号的处理与仿真Word格式.doc
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LockLoopSynthesizers
译文1:
微波锁相回路合成器的调频
原文2:
TheDesignofALow-PowerLow-NoisePhase
LockLoop
译文2:
低功率低噪声的锁相环的设计
FrequencyModulationinMicrowavePhaseLockLoopSynthesizers
Abstract—Thispapershows,thatfrequencymodulationbandwidthofphaselockedcontrolledoscillator(CO)canbesimpleexpandedusingprecorrectingcircuit(corrector)connectedtocontrolportofoscillator.AmethodispresentedofcalculationofcorrectoraccordingtoexactPLLandfrequencyresponseofmodulationchannel,withexperimentaldemonstrationpresentedofadequacyofdescribedtechniquebeingshown.
IndexTerms—MicrowavePLLsynthesizer,frequencymodulation,maximumdeviation,modulationbandwidth.
I.INTRODUCTION
Inmanymicrowavesystemsthesynthesizermustgeneratefrequencymodulatedsignalinadditiontomonochromaticsignalgeneration,itsmainfunction.Solutionofthisproblemincaseofphaselockloop(PLL)synthesizerbecomescomplicateddueresistanceofPLLtotheCOmodulation,asanautomaticcontrolsystem.Themostdifficultyistheexpansionofmodulationbandandthemodulationindexrange.Thepurposeofthispaperiscontributioninsolutionoftheseproblems.
II.TARGETSETTING
ItiswellknownthatfrequencymodulationpossibilityofphaselockedCOislimitedbycutoffband.ModulationbandwidthcornerisequaltoPLLangularfrequency[1].InbandabovecutofftheloopmakesnoresistancetotheCOmodulation,butbelowcutoffitsresistanceincreaseswhenmodulatingfrequencydecreases.Thus,modulationbandwidthofCOmustbewideneduptodownthePLLangularfrequency.Itcanbemadebythreeissues:
•BydecreaseofPLLcutofffrequency;
•byimpactmodulatingsignalintoPLL:
modulationofthereferencefrequency,manipulationoffeedbackdivisionratio,additionofthemodulatingsignaltocontrolsignalofphasedetector;
•byapplicationoflinearprecorrectiontomodulatingsignalforcompensationofhigh-passpropertiesofPLL[2,3].
Furtherthelastmethodisconsidered.ItismoreeffectiveasitmakesnoworseondynamicandspectralpuritycharacteristicsofPLLsynthesizerlikefirstmethodandhasnolimitationofmodulationbandwidthabovelikesecondway.
III.MATHEMATICALDESCRIPTIONOFCORRECTORMODEL
ToimprovethemodulationsensitivityofCOanactivecorrectorinsteadthepassivecorrector[2]isproposedinFig.1.
Fig.1.Correctorschematic
Modulatingsignalcomestoinput1.PLLcontrolsignalcomestoinput2.DrivingsignalforCOgoesoutthroughoutput3.
A.Smallsignalmodel
CorrectortransferfunctionK1(p)frominput1tooutput3isrepresentedby:
wherea,caregainfactorsofthirdstageatlowandhighfrequenciesrespectively;
τishighfrequencytimeconstantofthirdstage;
kisdepthofdipofresponsecurveinPLLcornerfrequencyarea;
bisgainfactoroffirststageathighfrequencies;
τ1,τ2arelowandhighfrequencytimeconstantsofdipofresponsecurverespectively.Parametersin
(1)canbeselectedincaseofanexactPLLandmodulationchannelrequirements.
B.Largesignalmodel
MaximumdeviationΔFmaxislimitedbyseveralfactors,whichareboundwithnonlineardistortionsofmodulatedsignalenvelope.Thesedistortionsappearinsuchcasesas:
-voltageorcurrentoperationalamplifier(opamp)saturation;
-COfrequencyobtainthecornerofregulationcurve;
-appearanceofdynamicdistortionofopamp.
Infirstcasethemaximumdeviationwithvoltagesaturationis:
whereUsatisthesaturationvoltageofopamp;
KvisCOtuningsensitivity;
KL(p)isclosedPLLtransferfunction.
InsecondcasemaximumdeviationisconstantequaltodistancebetweenaverageCOfrequencyandnearestcornerofCOregulationcurve.Inthirdcasemaximumdeviationisrepresentedby[4]
whereSisslewrateofopamp.
IV.CORRECTORDESIGNANDTEST
Fig.2showsthecalculatedandexperimentalfrequencyresponsesofmodulationchannelwithandwithoutcorrector.PLLcutofffrequencyis100kHz,phasemargin–45°
COtuningsensitivity–95MHz/V.COlagisnotallowed.
Fig.2.FrequencyresponsesofmodulationchannelnormalizedtoCOtuningsensitivity
Fig.3showscalculatedandexperimentalfrequencyresponsesofmaximumdeviationforalltypesofdistortions:
solidcurve–forfirst,dottedcurve–forsecondandchainline–forthird.CalculationwasmadeforopampAD829withUsat=12V.DistancebetweenaverageCOfrequencyandnearestcornerofCOregulationcurveis50MHz.
FromFig.2and3isseenthatmodulationcannelbandwidthwithcorrectoratmaximumdeviation100kHzisof1,5kHzfacing100kHzwithoutcorrector.Dynamicdistortionsinopampdon’tappearincom
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