英语四级新试题总结及答案解析38.docx
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英语四级新试题总结及答案解析38.docx
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英语四级新试题总结及答案解析38
英语四级新试题及答案解析(38)(1/1)PartⅠWriting
irections:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicALetterofAppeal.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegivenbelow:
在过去几年中,我们已经目睹了人类活动引起的各种灾害。
作为一位大学生,请写一封倡议书,呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害并保护环境,内容应包括:
1)举出人类活动引发的灾害的实例
2)指出一些必要的防范措施
3)号召大家行动起来拯救地球_______________下一题
(1~10/共10题)
CanBusinessBeCool?
Whyagrowingnumberoffirmsaretakingglobalwarmingseriously.
Companiessupportingenvironmentprotection
RupertMurdochisnogreenactivist.ButinPebbleBeachlaterthissummer,theannualgatheringofexecutivesofMrMurdoch´sNewsCorporation--whichlastyearledtoadramaticshiftinthemediaconglomerate´sattitudetotheInternet--willbeaddressedbyseveralleadingenvironmentalists,includingavice-presidentturnedclimate-changemoviestar.LastmonthBSkyB,aBritishsatellitetelevisioncompanychairedbyMr.Murdochandrunbyhisson,James,declareditself"carbon-neutral",havingtakenvariousstepstocutoroffsetitsdischargesofcarbonintotheatmosphere.
Thearmyofcorporategreensisgrowingfast.LatelastyearHSBCbecamethefirstbigbanktoannouncethatitwascarbon-neutral,joiningotherfinancialinstitutions,includingSwissRe,areinsurer,andGoldmanSachs,aninvestmentbank,inwagingwaronclimate-warminggases(ofwhichcarbondioxideisthemainculprit).LastyearGeneralElectric(GE),anindustrialpowerhouse,launchedits"Ecomagination"strategy,aimingtocutitsoutputofgreenhousegasesandtoinvestheavilyinclean(i.e.,carbon-free)technologies.InOctoberWal-Martannouncedaseriesofenvironmentalschemes,includingdoublingthefuel-efficiencyofitsfleetofvehicleswithinadecade.TescoandSainsbury,twoOfBritain´sbiggestretailers,arecompetingfiercelytobethegreenest.AndonJune7thsomeleadingBritishbosseslobbiedTonyBlairforamoreambitiouspolicyonclimatechange,evenifthatinvolvesharsherregulation.
Theotherside
Thegreeningofbusinessisbynomeansuniversal,however.MoneyfromExxonMobil,FordandGeneralMotorshelpedpayfortelevisionadvertisementsairedrecentlyinAmericabytheCompetitiveEnterpriseInstitute,withthedaftslogan"Carbondioxide:
theycallitpollution;wecallitlife".Besides,environmentalistcriticssay,somefirmsareengagedinsuperficial"greenwashtoboosttheimageofessentiallyclimate-hurtingbusinesses.TakeBP,themostprominentcorporateadvocateofactiononclimatechange,withits"BeyondPetroleum"adcampaign,high-profileinvestmentsingreenenergy,andevena"carboncalculator"onitswebsiteshelpsconsumersmeasuretheirpersonal"carbonfootprint",oroverallemissionsofcarbon.Yet,criticscomplain,BP´srecentrecordprofitsarelargelythankstosalesofhugeamountsofcarbon-packedoilandgas.
Ontheotherhand,somefree-marketthinkersseethesupportoffirmsforregulationofcarbonasthelatestattemptat"regulatorycapture",bythosewhostandtoprofitfromnewrules.MaxSchulzoftheManhattanInstitute,aconservativethinktank,notesdarklythat"Enronwasintopushingtheideaofclimatechange,becauseitwasgoodforitsbusiness".
Othersarguethatclimatechangehasnomoreplaceincorporateboardroomsthandodiscussionsofotherpartisanpoliticalissues,suchasDarfurorgaymarriage.Thatcriticism,atleast,issurelywrong.Mostofthecorporateconvertssaytheyareactingnotoutofsomevaguesenseofsocialresponsibility,orevenpersonalangst,butbecauseclimatechangecreatesrealbusinessrisksandopportunities—fromregulatorycompliancetoinsuringclientsonfloodplains.Andalthoughtheseconcernsvaryhugelyfromonecompanytothenext,fewfirmscanbesureofremainingunaffected.
Theclimateofopinion
Themostobviousriskisofrisingenergycosts.Indeed,therecenthighpriceofoilandnaturalgas,alliedtofearsoverthesecurityofenergysuppliesfromtheMiddleEastandRussia—neitherofwhichhaveanythingtodewithclimatechange—maybethemainreasonwhymanyfirmshaverecentlybecomeinterestedinalternativeenergysources.Butatthesametime,agrowingnumberofbosses—whatevertheirpersonalviewsaboutthescientificevidenceofclimatechange—nowthinkthatthepublichasbecomeconvincedthatglobalwarmingisforreal.HurricaneKatrinawasparticularlyimportantinchangingopinioninAmerica.Manybusinessmenhaveconcludedthatthisnewpublicmoodwillresult,soonerorlater,ingovernmentactiontocontrolcarbonemissions—mostlikely,usingsomesortofcarbontaxorKyoto-likesystemoftradablecapsonfirms´carbonemissions.
Acarbon-tradingsystemisalreadyinplaceintheEuropeanUnion.ButeveninAmerica,someinfluentialbusinessesareexertingpressureonthegovernmenttocontrol
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- 英语四 试题 总结 答案 解析 38