多级存货管理外文文献原文+翻译译文 4800多字Word文档格式.docx
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多级存货管理外文文献原文+翻译译文 4800多字Word文档格式.docx
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mü
s,A.Taskin,andA.FuatGü
neri."
Multi-echeloninventorymanagementinsupplychainswithuncertaindemandandleadtimes:
literaturereviewfromanoperationalresearchperspective."
ProceedingsoftheInstitutionofMechanicalEngineers,PartB:
JournalofEngineeringManufacture
221.10(2007):
1553-1570.
原文
literaturereviewfromanoperationalresearchperspective
ATaskinGu¨
mu¨
s*andAFuatGu¨
neri
Abstract:
Historically,theechelonsofthesupplychain,warehouse,distributors,retailers,etc.,havebeenmanagedindependently,bufferedbylargeinventories.Increasingcompetitivepressuresandmarketglobalizationareforcingfirmstodevelopsupplychainsthatcanquicklyrespondtocustomerneeds.Toremaincompetitiveanddecreaseinventory,thesefirmsmustusemulti-echeloninventorymanagementinteractively,whilereducingoperatingcostsandimprovingcustomerservice.Thecurrentpaperreviewstheliterature,addressingmultiecheloninventorymanagementinsupplychainsfrom1996to2005.Thebehaviorofthepapersagainstdemandandlead-timeuncertaintyisthekeyanalysispointoftheliteraturereviewpresentedhereanditisconductedfromanoperationalresearchpointofview.Finally,directionsforfutureresearcharesuggested.
Keywords:
supplychain,multi-echeloninventorymanagement,demanduncertainty,lead-timeuncertainty
1INTRODUCTION
Supplychainmanagement(SCM)isanintegrativeapproachforplanningandcontrolofmaterialsandinformationflowswithsuppliersandcustomers,aswellasbetweendifferentfunctionswithinacompany.Thisareahasdrawnconsiderableattentioninrecentyearsandisseenasatoolthatprovidescompetitivepower.SCMisasetofapproachestointegratesuppliers,manufacturers,warehouses,andstoresefficiently,sothatmerchandiseisproducedanddis-tributedatrightquantities,totherightlocations,andattherighttime,inordertominimizesystem-widecostswhilesatisfyingservice-levelrequirements.Sothesupplychainconsistsofvariousmembersorstages.Asupplychainisadynamic,stochastic,andcomplexsystemthatmightinvolvehundredsofparticipant.
Inventoryusuallyrepresentsfrom20to60percentofthetotalassetsofmanufacturingfirms.Thereforeinventorymanagementpoliciesprovecriticalindeterminingtheprofitofsuchfirms[4].Inventorymanagementis,toagreaterextent,relevantwhenawholesupplychain(SC),namelyanetworkofprocurement,transformation,anddeliveringfirms,isconsidered.InventorymanagementisindeedamajorissueinSCM,i.e.anapproachthataddressesSCissuesunderanintegratedperspective.
InventoriesexistthroughouttheSCinvariousformsforvariousreasons[6].ThelackofacoordinatedinventorymanagementthroughouttheSCoftencausesthebullwhipeffect,namelyanamplificationofdemandvariabilitymovingtowardstheupstreamstages.Thiscausesexcessiveinventoryinvestments,lostrevenues,misguidedcapacityplans,ineffectivetransportation,missedproductionschedules,andpoorcustomerservice[5].
Manyscholarshavestudiedtheseproblems,aswellasemphasizedtheneedofintegrationamongSCstages,tomakethechaineffectivelyandefficientlysatisfycustomerrequests(e.g.reference[7]).Besidetheintegrationissue,uncertaintyhastobedealtwithinordertodefineaneffectiveSCinventorypolicy.Inadditiontotheuncertaintyonsupply(e.g.leadtimes)anddemand,informationdelaysassociatedwiththemanufacturinganddistributionprocessescharacterizeSCs.
Inventorymanagementinmulti-echelonSCsisanimportantissue,becausetherearemanyelementsthathavetocoordinatewitheachother.Theymustalsoarrangetheirinventoriestocoordinate.Therearemanyfactorsthatcomplicatesuccessfulinventorymanagement,e.g.uncertaindemands,leadtimes,productiontimes,productprices,costs,etc.,especiallytheuncertaintyindemandandleadtimeswheretheinventorycannotbemanagedbetweenechelonsoptimally.
Inthecurrentpaper,adetailedliteraturereviewispresented,addressingmulti-echeloninventorymanagementinSCsfrom1996to2005.Here,thebehaviorofthepapersagainstdemandandleadtimeuncertaintyisemphasized.First,echelonconceptandmulti-echeloninventorymanagementinSCsaredefined.Then,theliteraturereviewconductedfromanoperationalresearchpointofviewbetween1996and2005,ispresented.Finally,directionsforfutureresearcharesuggested.
2MULTI-ECHELONINVENTORYMANAGEMENTINSUPPLYCHAINS
Mostmanufacturingenterprisesareorganizedintonetworksofmanufacturinganddistributionsitesthatprocurerawmaterial,processthemintofinishedgoods,anddistributethefinishgoodstocustomers.Theterms‘multi-echelon’or‘multilevel‘production/dist
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