Incoterms国际贸易术语解释通则Word格式.docx
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Incoterms国际贸易术语解释通则Word格式.docx
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TheIncoterms®
rules,theICCrulesontheuseofdomesticandinternationaltradeterms,facilitatetheconductofglobaltrade.ReferencetoanIncoterms2010ruleinasalecontractclearlydefinestheparties'
respectiveobligationsandreducestheriskoflegalcomplications.
SincethecreationoftheIncotermsrulesbyICCin1936,thisgloballyacceptedcontractualstandardhasbeenregularlyupdatedtokeeppacewiththedevelopmentofinternationaltrade.TheIncoterms2010rulestakeaccountofthecontinuedspreadofcustoms-freezones,theincreaseduseofelectroniccommunicationsinbusinesstransactions,heightenedconcernaboutsecurityinthemovementofgoodsandconsolidatesintransportpractices.Incoterms2010updatesandconsolidatesthe'
delivered'
rules,reducingthetotalnumberofrulesfrom13to11,andoffersasimplerandclearerpresentationofalltherules.Incoterms2010isalsothefirstversionoftheIncotermsrulestomakeallreferencestobuyersandsellersgender-neutral.
ThebroadexpertiseofICC'
sCommissiononCommercialLawandPractice,whosemembershipisdrawnfromallpartsoftheworldandalltradesectors,ensuresthattheIncoterms2010rulesrespondtobusinessneedseverywheredefinestheparties'
ICCwouldliketoexpressitsgratitudetothemembersoftheCommission,chairedbyFabioBortolotti(Italy),totheDraftingGroup,whichcomprisedCharlesDebattista(Co-Chair,France),JensBredow(Germany),JohnnyHerre(Sweden),DavidLwee(UK),LauriRailas(Finland),FrankReynolds(US),andMiroslavSubert(SzechRepublic),andtoAskoRaty(Finland)forassistancewiththeimagesdepictingthe11rules.
INTRODUCTION
rulesexplainasetofthree-lettertradetermsreflectingbusiness-to-businesspracticeincontractsforthesaleofgoods.TheIncoterms®
rulesdescribemainlythetasks,costsandrisksinvolvedinthedeliveryofgoodsfromsellerstobuyers.
HowtousetheIncoterms®
2010rules
1.IncorporatetheIncoterms®
2010rulesintoyourcontractofsale
IfyouwanttheIncoterms®
2010rulestoapplytoyourcontract,youshouldmakethisclearinthecontract,throughsuchwordsas,“[thechosenIncotermsruleincludingthenamedplace,followedby]Incoterms®
2010”.
2.ChoosetheappropriateIncotermsrule
ThechosenIncotermsruleneedstobeappropriatetothegoods,tothemeansoftheirtransport,andabovealltowhetherthepartiesintendtoputadditionalobligations,forexamplesuchastheobligationtoorganizecarriageorinsurance,ontheselleroronthebuyer.TheGuidanceNotetoeachIncotermsrulecontainsinformationthatisparticularlyhelpfulwhenmakingthischoice.WhicheverIncotermsruleischosen,thepartiesshouldbeawaretheinterpretationoftheircontractmaywellbeinfluencedbycustomsparticulartotheportorplacebeingused.
3.Specifyyourplaceorportaspreciselyaspossible
ThechosenIncotermsrulecanworkonlyifthepartiesnameaplaceorport,andwillworkbestifthepartiesspecifytheplaceorportaspreciselyaspossible.
Agoodexampleofsuchprecisionwouldbe:
:
“FCA38CoursAlbert1er,Paris,FranceIncoterms2010”.
UndertheIncotermsrule
ExWorks(EXW),
FreeCarrier(FCA),
DeliveredatTerminal(DAT),
DeliveredatPlace(DAP),
DeliveredDutyPaid(DDP),
FreeAlongsideShip(FAS),
andFreeonBoard(FOB),
thenamedplaceistheplacewheredeliverytakesplaceand
whereriskpassesfromthesellertothebuyer.
CarriagePaidto(CPT),
CarriageandInsurancePaidto(CIP),
CostandFreight(CFR)
Cost,InsuranceandFreight(CIF),
Thenamedplacediffersfromtheplaceofdelivery.UnderthesefourIncotermsrules,thenamedplaceistheplaceofdestinationtowhichcarriageispaid.
Indicationsastoplaceordestinationcanhelpfullybefurtherspecifiedbystatingaprecisepointinthatplaceordestinationinordertoavoiddoubtorargument.
4.RememberthatIncotermsrulesdonotgiveyouacompletecontractofsale
Incotermsrulesdosaywhichpartytothesalecontracthastheobligationtomakecarriageorinsurancearrangements,whenthesellerdeliversthegoodstothebuyer,andwhichcostseachpartyisresponsiblefor.
Incotermsrules,however,saynothingaboutthepricetobepaidorthemethodofitspayment.Neitherdotheydealwiththetransferofownershipofthegoods,ortheconsequencesofabreachofcon
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