TED英语演讲稿越有钱越无情Word文档格式.docx
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TED英语演讲稿越有钱越无情Word文档格式.docx
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人有了钱就会变坏?
社会心理学家paulpiff通过操纵大富翁游戏做了一个有趣的实验,测试人们感到富有时会如何表现。
iwantyouto,foramoment,thinkaboutplayingagameofmonopoly,exceptinthisgame,thatxxbinationofskill,talentandluckthathelpearnyousuccessingames,asinlife,hasbeenrenderedirrelevant,becausethisgame'
sbeenrigged,andyou'
vegottheupperhand.you'
vegotmoremoney,moreopportunitiestomovearoundtheboard,andmoreaccesstoresources.andasyouthinkaboutthatexperience,iwantyoutoaskyourself,howmightthatexperienceofbeingaprivilegedplayerinariggedgamechangethewaythatyouthinkaboutyourselfandregardthatotherplayer?
soweranastudyonthe berkeleycampustolookatexactlythatquestion.webroughtinmorethan100pairsofstrangersintothelab,andwiththeflipofacoinrandomlyassignedoneofthetwotobearichplayerinariggedgame.theygottwotimesasmuchmoney.whentheypassedgo,theycollectedtwicethesalary,andtheygottorollbothdiceinsteadofone,sotheygottomovearoundtheboardalotmore.(laughter)andoverthecourseof15minutes,wewatchedthroughhiddencameraswhathappened.andwhatiwanttodotoday,forthefirsttime,isshowyoualittlebitofwhatwesaw.you'
regoingtohavetopardonthesoundquality,insomecases,becauseagain,thesewerehiddencameras.sowe'
veprovidedsubtitles.richplayer:
howmany500sdidyouhave?
poorplayer:
justone.
richplayer:
areyouserious.poorplayer:
yeah.
ihavethree.(laughs)idon'
tknowwhytheygavemesomuch.
paulpiff:
okay,soitwasquicklyapparenttoplayersthatsomethingwasup.onepersonclearlyhasalotmoremoneythantheotherperson,andyet,asthegameunfolded,wesawverynotabledifferencesanddramaticdifferencesbegintoemergebetweenthetwoplayers.therichplayerstartedtomovearoundtheboardlouder,literallysmackingtheboardwiththeirpieceashewentaround.weweremorelikelytoseesignsofdominanceandnonverbalsigns,displaysofpowerandcelebrationamongtherichplayers.
wehadabowlofpretzelspositionedofftotheside.it'
sonthebottomrightcornerthere.thatallowedustowatchparticipants'
consummatorybehavior.sowe'
rejusttrackinghowmanypretzelsparticipantseat.
arethosepretzelsatrick?
poorplayer:
idon'
tknow.
pp:
okay,sonosurprises,peopleareontous.theywonderwhatthatbowlofpretzelsisdoingthereinthefirstplace.oneevenasks,likeyoujustsaw,isthatbowlofpretzelsthereasatrick?
andyet,despitethat,thepowerofthesituationseemstoinevitablydominate,andthoserichplayersstarttoeatmorepretzels.
ilovepretzels.
(laughter)
andasthegamewenton,oneofthereallyinterestinganddramaticpatternsthatweobservedbegintoemergewasthattherichplayersactuallystartedtobexxerudertowardtheotherperson,lessandlesssensitivetotheplightofthosepoor,poorplayers,andmoreandmoredemonstrativeoftheirmaterialsuccess,morelikelytoshowcasehowwellthey'
redoing.richplayer:
ihavemoneyforeverything.poorplayer:
howmuchisthat?
richplayer:
youoweme24dollars.you'
regoingtoloseallyourmoneysoon.i'
llbuyit.ihavesomuchmoney.ihavesomuchmoney,ittakesmeforever.richplayer2:
i'
mgoingtobuyoutthiswholeboard.richplayer3:
you'
regoingtorunoutofmoneysoon.i'
mprettymuchuntouchableatthispoint.
okay,andhere'
swhatithinkwasreally,reallyinteresting,isthatattheendofthe15minutes,weaskedtheplayerstotalkabouttheirexperienceduringthegame.andwhentherichplayerstalkedaboutwhytheyhadinevitablywoninthisriggedgameofmonopoly--(laughter)—theytalkedaboutwhatthey'
ddonetobuythosedifferentpropertiesandearntheirsuccessinthegame,andtheybecamefarlessattunedtoallthosedifferentfeaturesofthesituation,includingthatflipofacointhathadrandomlygottenthemintothatprivilegedpositioninthefirstplace.andthat'
sareally,reallyincredibleinsightintohowthemindmakessenseofadvantage.
nowthisgameofmonopolycanbeusedasametaphorforunderstandingsocietyanditshierarchicalstructure,whereinsomepeoplehavealotofwealthandalotofstatus,andalotofpeopledon'
t.theyhavealotlesswealthandalotlessstatusandalotlessaccesstovaluedresources.andwhatmycolleaguesandiforthelastsevenyearshavebeendoingisstudyingtheeffectsofthesekindsofhierarchies.whatwe'
vebeenfindingacrossdozensofstudiesandthousandsofparticipantsacrossthiscountryisthatasaperson'
slevelsofwealthincrease,theirfeelingsofxxpassionandempathygodown,andtheirfeelingsofentitlement,ofdeservingness,andtheirideologyofself-interestincreases.insurveys,wef
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