高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类.doc
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高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类.doc
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2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类
1.(2011·山东卷)A
ArthurMiller(1915-2005)isuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.Miller`sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustriaHungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe“GreatAmericanDream”.However,heexperiencedseverefinancialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepressionoftheearlyl930s.
Millers'smostfamousplay,DeathofaSalesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicatorsofworth.InWillyLoman,theherooftheplay,weseeamanwhohasgotintotroublewithhisworth.Willyis“burntout”andinthecruelworldofbusinessthereisnoroomforsentiment:
ifhecan'tdothework,thenheisnogoodtohisemployer,theWagnerCompany,andhemustgo.Willyispainfullyawareofthis,andatlossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.Herefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheend.
Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews,anditwontheTonyAwardforBestPlay,theNewYorkDramaCritics`CircleAward,andthePulitzerPrizeforDrama.Itwasthefirstplaytowinallthreeofthesemajorawards.
MillerdiedofheartfailureathishomeinRoxbury,Connecticut,ontheeveningofFebruary10,2005,the56thanniversaryofthefirstperformanceofDeathofaSalesmanonBroadway.
56.WhydidArthurMiller'sfathermovetotheUSA?
A.Hesufferedfromseverehungerinhishomecountry.
B.Hewasattractedbythe"GreatAmericanDream.
C.Hehopedtomakehissonadramatist.
D.Hisfamilybusinessfailed.
57.TheplayDeathofaSalesman
A.exposesthecrueltyoftheAmericanbusinessworld
B.discussesthewaystogetpromotedinacompany
C.talksaboutthebusinesscareerofArthurMiller
D.focusesontheskillsindoingbusiness
58.WhatcanwelearnaboutWillyLoman?
A.Hetreatshisemployerbadly.
B.HerunstheWagnerCompany.
C.HeisavictimoftheAmericansystem.
D.Heisregardedasaherobyhiscolleagues.
59.Afteritwasfirststaged,DeathofaSalesman
A.achievedhugesuccess
B.wonthefirstTonyAward
C.waswarmlywelcomedbysalesmen
D.wasseverelyattackedbydramatists
60.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.ArthurMillerandhisfamily.
B.TheawardsArthurMillerwon.
C.ThehardshipArthurMillerexperienced.
D.ArthurMillerandhisbest-knownplay.
【解析】:
56-60:
BACAD
【语篇解读】本文是讲述了阿瑟.密勒的生平经历及他的代表作DeathofaSalesman的内容及评价。
36.B。
细节题。
从第一段第二句话可知米勒的父亲已经从奥地利迁往美国,是和许多其他人一样受“伟大的美国梦”的驱使。
37.A。
细节推断题。
从第二段第一句话可知米勒写《推销员之死》的目的是对美国制度的攻击,因为美国商业制度的侵犯性和坚持将金钱和社会地位作为价值的显示。
A指出了,暴露了美国商业世界的残酷。
下文也提到了,inthecruelworldofbusiness。
38.C.推理判断题。
从上文介绍情节中得知WillyLoman是戏剧中一个角色,而这个角色最终因为在这个制度中屡遭失败自杀身亡,因此推断他是美国制度的受害者。
39.A.细节推断题。
从第三段得知一上映便赢得许多奖项,因此获得巨大成功。
40.D。
主旨大意题。
A没有提及,BC都是片面的。
2.(2011·陕西卷)B
MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.
BorninSeptember,1987,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries’twodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.
IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities(设备)tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgrum.HerserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitary’sMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.
In1918,Irenebecamehermother’sassistantattheCurieInstitute.InDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughhimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.
Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity(辐射能).IreneJoliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.
49.WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?
【B】
A.Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.
B.Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.
C.BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.
D.Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.
50.WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFrederiojoliot?
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