学年高中英语Unit4PublictransporSectionⅠWelcometotheunitWord文档格式.docx

学年高中英语Unit4PublictransporSectionⅠWelcometotheunitWord文档格式.docx

《学年高中英语Unit4PublictransporSectionⅠWelcometotheunitWord文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《学年高中英语Unit4PublictransporSectionⅠWelcometotheunitWord文档格式.docx（19页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

walktotheSBahn（equivalenttocitytrains）.Duringrushhoursitisfastertouseatrainthanacar.AsweglidebyintheSBahn,wecanseethecarssittinginlong,longtrafficjams.

Manymajorcitiesalsohavethesubway.Again,ifyouliveinabigcityornearit,itisfasterandlesstroublesomethanthecar.Itisalso,ofcourse,farlessexpensive:

nomaintenance,noparkingtofindandpayfor,andnogasandexpensiveinsurancetobuy.AndasthepriceofgasisalreadyprettyhighinEurope,theuseofpublictransportmakesmoresensetous.

Youcanbuyticketsforthedayoramonthlypassorayearlypass.Theyalsohavespecialpricesforgroupsorfamiliesgoodforonetothreedays,andweekendsspecialstoo.

Thelongdistancetrainsystemisalsoveryefficientandusuallypunctual.Peoplewillstarttobeimpatientifthetrainisoneortwominuteslate.TherearefourmaintypesoftrainsinGermany:

theSBahn,theregional,theoldfashionedintercitytrainandthenewageICE（IntercityExpress）thatlookslikethefrontofaplaneandcangofasterthan400km/h.YoucangojustabouteverywherebytrainfromGermanythroughoutthewholeofEuropeandIknowofnovillageorsmalltownthatisnotaccessibleeitherbytrainorotherpublictransportinGermany.

Section_Ⅰ

Welcome_to_the_unit_&

_Reading_—_Prereading

Thefirstundergroundintheworld

Welcometo①theLondonUnderground,orasitisusuallyknown②，thetube.Ithasthedistinctionof③beingtheoldestandmostcomplexundergroundsystemintheworld.Rail④servicestoLondonwerefirstdevelopedduringthefirsthalfofthe19thcentury.However,mosttrainstoLondononlywenttotheouter⑤citylimits,becausebuildingrailwaytracksintothecitywouldhavedamagedmanyoldbuildings⑥.Horsedrawn⑦buses,trams⑧，cabs⑨andcarriageswereusedtoconvey

peopletoandaroundthecitycentre.Unfortunately⑪，thenumberofvehiclesontheroadcausedunbelievable⑫trafficjams⑬，andtheroadsbecamesobusythatnoonecouldtravelanywhere.Thistrafficproblemledto⑭thedevelopmentoftheundergroundsystem.

①welcometo...欢迎来到……

②asitisusuallyknown是as引导的方式状语从句。

③havethedistinctionof...在某方面卓越/优秀

④rail/reIl/n.铁路；

栏杆，扶手；

横杆

⑤outer/'

aʊtə（r）/adj.远离中心的，外围的；

外表的

⑥buildingrailway...是动名词短语，在because引导的原因状语从句中作主语。

该原因状语从句使用了虚拟语气。

相当于：

ifrailwaytrackshadbeenbuiltintothecity,itwouldhavedamagedmanyoldbuildings。

⑦horsedrawn/'

hɔːsdrɔːn/adj.用马拉的

⑧tram/træ

m/n.有轨电车　

⑨cab/kæ

b/n.出租车，的士

⑩convey/kən'

veI/vt.运送，输送；

表达

⑪unfortunately/ʌn'

fɔːtʃənətlI/adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地

⑫unbelievable/ˌʌnbI'

liːvəbl/adj.非常坏（或非常好、非常极端）的，令人难以置信的

⑬trafficjamsn．堵车，交通堵塞　⑭leadto导致

世界上第一条地铁

[第1段译文]

欢迎来到伦敦地铁——通常它被称为“管子”。

伦敦地铁是世界上最古老且最复杂的地铁系统，并因此而享有盛名。

早在19世纪上半叶就首次有了通往伦敦的铁路交通服务。

但大部分通往伦敦的火车只到外伦敦的边界，因为在市区内修建铁路会损害许多古建筑。

用马拉的车、有轨电车、出租车和四轮马车被用来将人们送往市中心及其周围一带。

不幸的是，马路上车的数量造成了令人难以置信的交通堵塞，道路交通变得如此拥挤以至于无人能够通行。

这一交通问题导致了地铁系统的研发。

In1854,theBritishgovernmentgaveapprovalto⑮theconstructionbytheMetropolitan⑯RailwayCompanyofanundergroundrailwayinthecentreofLondon,betweenPaddingtonandFarringdon,via⑰King'

sCross,StPancrasandEuston.However,newtrainshadtobedevelopedandtheplanrequiredraisingalargeamountof⑱money⑲，sothediggingwaspostponed⑳until1860.Theinitialtunnels

wereopenedin1863andwerejustbeneaththesurfaceoftheground.Passengersweretransportedincarriageswithoutwindows,whichwerepulledthroughthenarrowtunnelsbysteamengines

.In1868,thenextsection

oftheundergroundsystemwasopenedinthesouthofLondonbyanothercompanycalledtheMetropolitanDistrictRailway.Sixteenyearslater,in1884,theMetropolitanRailwayCompanyandtheMetropolitanDistrictRailwaylinkedup

andprovidedundergroundserviceinthemiddleofthecity.ThislaterbecametheCircleLine.Becauseofthesmokefromthesteamengines,earlyundergroundlinesneededlargeholesleadingtothesurfaceatregularintervals

，sothatpeoplecouldgetfreshairandwouldnotchoke

.

Asbetterwaysfordiggingtunnelsweredeveloped

，thefirstrailwaytunnelundertheRiverThameswasdugin1884.Thesenewwaysofdiggingacceleratedthepaceof

theLondonUnderground'

sdevelopment.TheCityandSouthLondonRailwayopenedthefirstelectricundergroundrailwayin1890.Overthenexttwentyfiveyears

，sixindependent

deepundergroundlineswereconstructed.Travellingontheselineswasnotconvenient

，though

，aseachlinewaspossessedbyadifferentcompany

，andmanywereveryfarfrom

eachother.

⑮giveap