高考英语二轮复习 科普知识阅读理解3IIWord格式文档下载.docx
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高考英语二轮复习 科普知识阅读理解3IIWord格式文档下载.docx
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Increasedcarbondioxide(CO2)intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygen,whilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.
“Predictingspecies’reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecology,”saidtheresearchersofseveralU.S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.
Thestudy,publishedontheNaturewebsite,usesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesandexperimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1,634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated(低估)thespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafingby4times.
“Acrossallspecies,theexperimentsunder-predictedthespeedoftheadvance—forbothleafingandflowering—thatresultsfromtemperatureincreases,”thestudysaid.
Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredicthowplantswillreacttoclimatechange,itsaid.
PlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchain,usingphotosynthesis(光合作用)toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.
Scientistsbelievetheworld’saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.
Sofar,effortstocutemissions(排放)ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesaremon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.
1.WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?
( )
A.Plants’reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.
B.Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists’expectation.
C.Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.
D.Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.
2.WecanlearnfromthestudypublishedontheNaturewebsitethat .
A.plants’floweringis8.5timesfasterthanleafing
B.thereare1,634plantspeciesonthefourcontinents
C.scientistsshouldimprovethedesignoftheexperiments
D.theexperimentsfailedtopredicthowplantsreacttoclimatechange
3.Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause .
A.theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearly
B.theyareveryimportantinthefoodchains
C.theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarming
D.theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore
4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld’stemperature?
A.Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.
B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.
C.Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1900.
D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.
语篇解读:
本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类。
温室效应已经影响了植物的生长类型,由于植物在食物链和生态系统中有着重要影响,科学家们正致力于研究其生长变化。
答案及剖析:
1.B 主旨大意题。
根据第一段Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted(预测)inreactiontoclimatechange...可知本题应选择B项。
2.C 事实细节题。
根据文章第五段最后一句话Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated(低估)thespeedofflowering...以及第七段Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredict...可知本题应选择C项。
3.B 事实细节题。
文章第四段最后一句Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchains...由此可知本题选择B项。
4.D 推理判断题。
根据文章最后一段...beyond2℃thiscentury-apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimate...leadingtodrought,floods...可知必须将上升温度控制在2℃以内才可能不会出现危险状况,故选择D项。
【长难句子分析】
—
到目前为止,为减少导致全球变暖的温室气体排放的努力还不足以阻止地球在本世纪气温上升不超出2℃——科学家认为这个数据会带来气候变化的危险,在这样的气候变化中,极端天气会经常发生,会导致干旱、洪涝、庄稼歉收和海平面上升。
.阅读理解。
阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
【xx·
山东省潍坊市五校联合高三下学期期中考试】
Attimesmymomhasbeenunfortableseeingthesequalitiesinme.Forexample,whenIwas12,IwenttoPuertoRicoallbymyselftostaywithmygrandmotherforthesummer.Mymomwasextremelynervousaboutit.ShekepttellingmehowthingsweredifferentinPuertoRico,toalwaysputonsunscreen,nottowanderawayfrommygrandmother,andotherwarnings.Shehelpedmepackanddidnotleavetheairportuntilshesawmyplanetakeoff.
Butdespiteherworries,sheletmegoonmyown.AsImovedintomyteens,shecontinuedtogivemespacetogrowandlearn,evenwhenitmighthavebeendifficultforher.WhenIreachedmysenioryear,Idecidedtomoveawayforcollege.OnceagainIfoundthatIdifferedfrommypeers:
Wh
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