国际贸易实务双语教程课后题答案文档格式.docx
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国际贸易实务双语教程课后题答案文档格式.docx
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Itincludesallbusinesstransactionsthatinvolvetwoormorecountries.Suchbusiness
relationshipmaybeprivateorgovernmental.
2.Salesexpansion,resourceacquisitionanddiversificationofsalesandsupplies.
3.Togainprofit.
4.Toseejoutforeignmarketsandprocurement.
5.Therearefourmajorformswhicharethefollowing:
MerchandiseexportsandImports,ServiceExportsandImports,Investmentand
MultinationalEnterprise.
6.Itistheaccountwhichisasummarystatementoftheflowofallinternational
economicandfinancialtransactionsbetweenonenation(eg.theUnitedStates)and
therestoftheworldoversomeperiodoftime,usuallyoneyear.
7.MerchandiseExportingandImporting.
8.Yes.Therearegreatdifferencesbetweenthem.
1)directinvestmenttakesplacewhencontrolfollowstheinvestment.Itusually
meanshighcommitmentofcapital,personnel,andtechnologyabroad.Itaimsat
gainingofforeignresourcesandforeignmarkets.Directinvestmentmayoftenget
higherforeignsalesthanexporting.Andsometimesitinvolvestwoormoreparties.
2)Whileportfolioinvestmentsarenotundercontrol.Andtheyareusedprimarily
forfinancialpurposes.Treasuresofcompanies,forexample,routinelymorefunds
fromonecountrytoanothertogetahigheryieldonshortterminvestments.
9.MNEistheabbreviationofthemultinationalenterprise.ItssynonymsareNNC
(themultinationalcorporation)andTNC(transnationalcorporation).
10.Examplesaretravel,transport,fee,royalties,dividendsandinterest.
11.Thechoiceofformsisinfluencedbytheobjectivebeingpursuedandthe
environmentsinwhichthecompanymustoperate.
12.Itislimitedbythenumberofpeopleinterestedinafirm’sproductsand
servicesandbycustomers’capacitytomakepurchase.
13.Thisisbecauseatanearlystageofinternationalinvolvementtheseoperations
usuallytaketheleastcommitmentandleastriskofafirm’sresources.
14.Royaltiesmeansthepaymentforuseofassetsfromabroad,suchasfor
trademarkspatens,copyrights,orotherexpertiseundercontractknownaslicencing
agreements.Royaltiesarealsopaidfranchising.
15.Itisawayofdoingbusinessinwhichoneparty(thefranchiser)theuseofa
trademarkthatisanessentialassetforthefranchisers’business.
IIMatcheachoneontheleftwithitscorrectmeaningontheright
1.J2.A3.E4.B5.C6.D7.I8.G9.F10.H
IIITranslatethefollowingtermsandphrasesintoChinese
1购买力11经济复苏;
恢复
2潜在销售量12经济衰退
3加价,涨价13间接投资
4国内市场14有形货物
5制成品15有形进出口
6边际利润16收入及支出;
岁入及岁出
7市场占有率17超额能力
8贸易歧视18贸易中间人(商);
经纪人
9时机选择19全部包建的工程承包方式
10经销周期20许可证协定
IVTranslatethefollowingintoEnglish
1.Tradeisoftenthe‘engine’ofgrowth.Howeveroversimplifiedthismetaphor
maybe,itdoesservetounderlinetheimportanceofforeigntradeintheprocessof
growth.Ahealthyexpansionofexportsmaynotalwaysbesufficientconditionfor
rapidandsustainedgrowth,butastrongpositiveassociationbetweenthetwois
clearlyundeniable.Tradeexpansioncontributestoeconomicgrowthinmanyways.
Amongthemarethebenefitsofspecialization;
thefavorableeffectsofinternational
competitionondomesticeconomicefficiency;
theincreasedcapacitytopayforthe
importsrequiredindevelopmentandmoregenerallythestimulustoinvestment.
2.Internationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesproducedinone
countryforgoodsandservicesproducedinanothercountry.Inadditiontovisible
trade,whichinvolvestheimportandexportofgoodsandmerchandise,thereisalso
invisibletrade,whichinvolvestheexchangeofservicesbetweennations.Nations
suchasGreeceandNorwayhavelargemaritimefleetsandprovidetransportation
service.Thisisakindofinvisibletrade.Invisibletradecanbeasimportanttosome
nationsastheexportofrawmaterialsorcommoditiesistoothers.Inbothcases,the
nationsearnthemoneytobuynecessities.
3.Thereexistdifferentwaysofconductinginternationalbusiness.Exclusivesale
meansthesellergivestheoverseasclienttheexclusiverightofsellingaparticular
productinadesignatedareawithinaspecifiedperiodoftime.Inthiskindofbusiness
transaction,theproductisboughtbytheexclusivesellerandthereforeheshouldsell
theproductbyhimself,assumingsoleresponsibilitiesforhisprofitandloss.
Exclusivesaleisdifferentfromagencywhereonlycommissionisinvolved.And
differenceexistsbetweengen
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