版高考全国通用版课时提升作业 十五 必修3 Unit 5 Word版含答案Word文件下载.docx
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课时提升作业十五
必修3 Unit5 Canada—“TheTrueNorth”
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018·
衡水模拟)
“HeaveniswherethepoliceareEnglish,thecooksareFrench,themechanicsareGerman,theloversareItalianandeverythingisorganizedbytheSwiss.HelliswherethepoliceareGerman,thecooksareEnglish,themechanicsareFrench,theloversareSwiss,andeverythingisorganizedbytheItalian.”
Obviouslythenationalstereotypes(模式化的思想)inthisoldjokearegeneralizations,butsuchstereotypesareoftensaidto“existforareason”.Isthereactuallyasliveroftruthinthem?
Notlikely,aninternationalresearchteamnowsays.
“Nationalandculturalstereotypesdoplayanimportantroleinhowpeopleseethemselvesandothers,andbeingawarethatthesearenotdependableisausefulthing,”saidstudyauthorRobertMcCraeoftheNationalInstituteonAging.“Theseareinfactunfoundedstereotypes.Theydon’tcomefromlookingaroundyou,”McCraesaid.
Ifnationalstereotypesaren’trootedinrealexperiences,thenwheredotheycomefrom?
Onepossibilityisthattheyreflectnationalvalues,whichmaybecomeknownfromhistoricalevents.Forexample,manyhistorianshavearguedthatthespiritofAmericanindividualismhasitsoriginsintheexperiencesofthepioneersontheOldWest.
SocialscientistssuchaspsychologistRichardRobinshavegivenseveralotherpossibleexplanationsforstereotypesandwhytheymaybeincorrect.Robinsnotesthatsomestereotypesmayhavebeencorrectatonepointinhistoryandthenremainedunchangedwhiletheculturechanged.
Wemaybe“hard-wired”,tosomedegree,tokeepincorrectstereotypes,sincewearelesslikelytonoticeandrememberinformationthatisdifferentfromourstereotypes.Generally,accordingtoRobins,whenwemeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromourstereotypes,weseethemasuniqueindividualsratherthantypicalnationalorculturalgroups.
【文章大意】本文主要谈论的是对不同国家的成见或民族定式这一现象。
1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?
A.Tointroducethetopicofnationalstereotypes.
B.Tomakeacomparisonbetweenthecharactersofdifferentcountries.
C.Toexemplifytheargumentagainststereotyping.
D.Toanalyzethestrengthsandweaknessesofpeopleindifferentcountries.
【解析】选A。
推理判断题。
第一段用笑话的方式引出本文的话题:
国家模式化的思想。
2.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMcCrae’sattitudetowardsnationalstereotypes?
A.Supportive. B.Indifferent.
C.Critical.D.Uncertain.
【解析】选C。
观点态度题。
根据第三段McCrae所说的话可知,他既认为模式化的思想是重要的,又觉得不能完全依赖,所以他的态度是批判性的,故选C。
3.Accordingtosocialscientists,whyaren’tnationalstereotypesalwayscorrect?
A.Becausetheyareformedbyindividualhistorians.
B.Becausepeopletendtohavefalseideaaboutothercultures.
C.Becausegeneralizationsaremadethroughpersonalexperience.
D.Becausewhatwastrueinthepastmaynotbetrueatpresent.
【解析】选D。
根据倒数第二段...somestereotypesmayhavebeencorrectatonepointinhistoryandthenremainedunchangedwhiletheculturechanged.可知,在历史上模式化思想在某种程度上是对的,但是当文化发生变化了,模式化思想却没有发生变化,因此就会出现错误,故选D。
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hard-wired”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
A.Forgetful.B.Fixed.
C.Anxious.D.Helpless.
【解析】选B。
词义猜测题。
根据后面的sincewearelesslikelytonoticeandrememberinformationthatisdifferentfromourstereotypes可知,既然是我们不愿意做出改变,那就是比较固定不变的,故答案为B。
【知识拓展】nationalstereotypes背景知识
“一个有英国警察、法国厨子、德国机械师、意大利情人,一切都由瑞士人管理的地方就是天堂。
一个有德国警察、英国厨子、法国机械师、瑞士情人,一切都由意大利人管理的地方就是地狱。
”这类关于国家刻板印象的笑话每次要么让人发笑,要么让人难堪。
几个世纪以来各个国家的刻板印象一直是许多笑话的沃土。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Mygreatestinspirationisnotfromaworld-knownfigure,butfromtheperseveranceofa6-year-oldboy.
Today,moststudentsare 1 atthebeach.Iamnotamongthem. 2 ,Ihavedevotedthewholedaytomakingsurethiseventrunswonderfully.
Afteranentiredayof 3 ,Iamstandingatthestagehandingoutprizestotheirluckyrecipients.Amongthegolfersaremusicians,lawyersanddoctors,allofwhom 4 foronecommoncause:
Ryan.Helookedupatmewithhissparklingeyesandsmiles.Thisishis 5 ofthankingmefordevotingthis 6 tohelpinghim.Then,Irealizedheshouldnotthankme, 7 Ishouldthankhim.
Mycousin,Ryan, 8 withautism(自闭症)fiveyearsago,didn’tknowwhathisfuturewouldmean 9 it.ButRyanworkshard,tryingtomakethesmallest 10 everyday.ItrytoputalittlebitofRyanintomy 11 .Wheneverfacedwithwhatseemsimpossible,I 12 howheismakingprogresseveryday.Inthepastsixyears,Ihavelearned 13 isnecessarytoachievemygoals,andthatwhatseemsoutofmyreachmaynotbeso 14 .
Ryanhastaughtmeanotherimportantlesson:
peopleshouldnotbejudgedbywhattheycannot 15 .SofarI’vewitnessedactsofcrueltyagainstthosewhoare 16 onadailybasis.Ryanisaprime 17
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