BTF系统处理硫化氢废气工程设计外文参考文献译文及原文.doc
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BTF系统处理硫化氢废气工程设计外文参考文献译文及原文.doc
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本科毕业设计(论文)
外文参考文献译文及原文
学院:
环境科学与工程学院
专业:
环境工程
年级班别:
2004级
(1)班
学号:
3104008168
学生姓名:
谢辉
指导教师:
陈凡植教授
2008年6月11日
1
Biologicalsweeteningofenergygasesmimicsinbiotricklingfilters
MarcFortunya,c,JuanA.Baezaa,XavierGamisansb,CarlesCasasa,JavierLafuentea,
MarcA.Deshussesc,*,DavidGabriela,1
aDepartmentofChemicalEngineering,UniversitatAuto`nomadeBarcelona,EdificiQ,CampusdeBellaterra,08193Bellaterra,Barcelona,Spain
bDepartmentofMiningEngineeringandNaturalResources,UniversitatPolite`cnicadeCatalunya,Manresa,Spain
cDepartmentofChemicalandEnvironmentalEngineering,UniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,CA92520,UnitedStates
Received25July2007;receivedinrevisedform27October2007;accepted29October2007
Availableonline21December2007
Abstract
Removalofhydrogensulfidefromwasteandenergy-richgasesisrequired,notonlybecauseofenvironmentalhealthandsafetyreasons,butalsobecauseofoperationalreasonsifsuchgaseshavetobeusedforenergygeneration.Abiotricklingfilterfortheremovalofultra-highconcentrationsofH2Sfromoxygen-poorgasesisproposedandstudiedinthiswork.Twolaboratory-scalebiotricklingfilterswereusedtostudythestartupperiodandtodeterminethelong-termperformanceofthegassweeteningprocess.TheinletH2Sconcentrationrangedfrom900to12000ppmvandtwodifferentpackingmaterialswereinvestigated.TherewasnotoxicityeffectobservedevenatathehighestH2Sconcentration,andmaximumeliminationcapacitiesof280and250gH2Sm-3h-1wereobtainedatgascontacttimesof167and180s,respectively.Elementalsulfurandsulfatewerefoundtobethemostabundantend-productsofthebiologicaloxidationofsulfidewhenoperatedundermicroaerophilicconditions.Thebiotricklingfilterwasabletoquicklyrecoveritsnominalperformanceafterdifferentloadincreasesandsystemshutdownssimulatingfieldoperation.Theresultsreportedhereshowthatbiotreatmentcanbeaninterestingalternativetoconventionalgassweeteningsystemsnormallyusedforsuchapplications.
Keywords:
Hydrogensulfide;Gassweetening;Biotricklingfilter;Desulfurization;Fuelgas;Biogas
1.Introduction
Hydrogensulfideisacommonreducedsulfurcompoundfoundinseveralindustrialwastegases.Itiseasilyrecognizablebyitsoffensiverotteneggsodor.However,odornuisanceisnotthemainissueinenergy-richgasessuchasbiogasfromanaerobicdigesterswhichmaycontainH2Sconcentrationsexceeding500ppmvandupto20000ppmv(2%v/v)(WoodcockandGottlieb,2004).Insuchcases,H2Sremoval,oftencalledgassweetening,isnecessarytoavoidcorrosionofcombustionenginesandSOxgenerationinthefluegases.Thus,removalofH2Sfromwasteandenergy-richgasesisrequired,notonlyforenvironmentalhealthandsafetyreasonsbutalsoforoperationalreasons.
Sofar,themostcommonlyusedtreatmenttechnologyforH2Sremovalisselectiveabsorptioninaminessuchasdiglycolamine,monoethanolamine,methyldiethanolamineorothercompoundsthathaveahighaffinityforH2S(WoodcockandGottlieb,2004).Althoughtheseprocesseshavebeenextensivelyandsuccessfullyapplied,theyhavemanydrawbackssuchashighenergyandoperatingcostsduetotheregenerationoftheabsorbentphase.Inthiscontext,biologicalprocessesforairpollutioncontrolaregainingpopularity(Deshusses,1997;Devinnyetal.,1999;KennesandVeiga,2001)buthavenotyetbeengenerallyappliedtotreatmentofH2Sinenergy-richgases.
BiologicalH2Sutilizationasenergysourceforlithoautotrophicorganismsisawell-knownprocessthatcanbedescribedwiththefollowingoverallreactions(Eqs.
(2),(3)).Notethatoxidationtoelementalsulfurcanonlyhappenunderoxygenlimitedconditions,andthatexcessoxygenisrequiredfortheformationofsulfate(Kuenen,1975;WoodcockandGottlieb,2004).
Biofilters,bioscrubbersandbiotricklingfiltershavebeenproventobeasuitable,environmentallyfriendlyandcosteffectivealternativeforwastegastreatment,especiallyforthetreatmentoflowconcentrationsofH2S(YangandAllen,1994;Devinnyetal.,1999;GabrielandDeshusses,2003a;KimandDeshusses,2005).However,therehasbeenlimitedsuccessindealingwithhighconcentrationsofH2S(>1000ppmv)usingbiofilters,biotricklingfiltersandbioscrubbersandonlyfewindustrialprocesseshavebeenfullydevelopedforsuchapplication.Amongthem,theThiopaqprocess(Paques,TheNetherlands),andtheBiopuricprocess(Biothane,USA)aretheonlyonesspecificallydevelopedfortheremovalofhighconcentrationsofH2Sfrombiogasorfuelgas.TheThiopaqprocessisatwo-reactorsystemconsistingofaconventionalcausticscrubberfollowedbyanexpandedbedbioreacto
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