企业风险管理外文文献翻译2014年译文5000字Word文档下载推荐.docx
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企业风险管理外文文献翻译2014年译文5000字Word文档下载推荐.docx
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原文
ThedevelopmentoftheenterpriseriskmanagementtheoryBedardJC,HoitashR
Abstract
Enterpriseriskmanagementasanimportantfieldofriskmanagementdisciplines,inmorethan50yearsofdevelopmentprocessoftheimplementationofdispersingfrommultipleareasofresearchtotheintegrationofcomprehensiveriskmanagementframeworkevolution,thetheoryofriskmanagementandinternalauditandcontroltheoryaretwomajortheoreticalsourcesofriskmanagementtheoryhasexperiencedfromthetraditionalriskmanagement,financialvolatilitytothedevelopmentoftheenterpriseriskmanagement,riskmanagementandinternalauditandcontroltheorywentthroughtheinternalaccountingcontrolandinternalcontrolintegratedframeworktotheevolutionofenterpriseriskmanagement,thedevelopmentofthetheoryoftheabovetwopointstothedirectionoftheenterpriseriskmanagement,finallyrealizestheintegrationdevelopment,enterpriseriskmanagementtheorytobecomeanimportantpartofenterprisemanagementisindispensable.
Keywords:
enterpriseriskmanagement,internalaudittheinternalcontrol
1Thefirsttheorysource,evolutionofthetheoryofriskmanagement
"
Riskmanagement"
asakindofoperationandmanagementidea,hasalonghistory:
thousandsofyearsagointhewesthave"
don'
tputalleggsinonebasket"
theproverb,theancientChinesefamous"
productvalleyhunger"
allusionsand"
yicang("
18
system,"
boatwas"
organizationhaveaprototypeofthemodernriskmanagementthought,andpointsunderescortshiptransportation,yuen,iseffectivewaytospreadrisk,transferrisk.Inthemodernsenseofriskmanagementthoughtappearedinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,suchasfayol'
ssafeproductionideas,Marshall'
s"
risksharingmanagement"
pointofview,etc.;
Butriskmanagementasadisciplinesystemdevelopmentisstartedinthemiddleofthe20thcentury:
in1950,gallagherintheriskmanagement:
anewstageofcostcontrolinthepaper,putsforwardtheconceptofriskmanagement;
Johnso(1952)mentionedtheproblemshowtodealwithrisksanduncertaintiesinfarmmanagement,whichinvolvesearlyenterprise(farms)ofriskmanagementproblem.TheemergenceofriskmanagementasadisciplinerealMehrandHedgesoftheenterpriseriskmanagement(1963)andC.A.WilliamsandRichard
m.Heins"
riskmanagementandinsurance"
(1964)publishedmarked.WilliamsandHeinsthinks,"
riskmanagementisbasedontheriskidentification,measurementandcontroltothesmallestcostriskcausedbythelosstothelowestlevelofmanagementmethods"
riskmanagementisnotjustatechnology,amethod,akindofmanagementprocess,andisanewandscientificmanagement.Thedevelopmentofthetheoryofriskmanagement.
1.1Thefirststage:
the70sand1950s
Theoreticaltendencymainlyisthepureriskpreventionandmanagementofenterprise(adverserisk);
Takethemainstrategyofenterpriseriskmanagementisriskavoidanceandrisktransfer,insurancebecomesthemainriskmanagementtools.FireeventsofgeneralmotorsandtheUnitedStatessteelindustrytheworkerswentonstriketoenterprise'
snormaloperationcausedseriousimpactandlosses,becomeanimportantopportunitytopromotethedevelopmentofenterpriseriskmanagementtheory.Thisphasethefirstimportantareaofriskmanagementtheory,istheriskmanagementobjectdefinitionandresearch.Sincethe20thcentury,scholarshavebeentheobjectofriskmanagementdividedintotwomajorcategoriesofpureriskandspeculativerisk,andthepurerisksas theobjectofriskmanagementandthetarget(Denenberg,1966;
Gahin,1967).Infact,theriskcanbedividedintopureriskand
speculativeriskisakindofmethodbasedontheresponsibility,istargetedatloss,isnotaimedatrisk,soitcanbedividedintopureriskandspeculativerisk,butnotasgoodasitcanbedividedintopurelossandspeculativeloss,becauseitcanreflectthetruerespectoftheriskmanagermorelossproblem.
Isthesecondimportantareas,totheenterprisedecision-makingandofbehavior,andinsuranceinresponsetotheimportantroleofenterpriseriskanduniversalityofthestudy.Greene(1955)orientationisinsurancebuyersofriskmanagement.Apaperpublishedin1955,themanagementreview"
totheriskofakindofmanagementmethod"
thinkofinsuranceasthemostimportantmeansofenterpriseriskmanagementshouldbeattentionbytheenterprisemanagementandtheshareholders,thinkinsuranceisabusinessspendingthemostvaluablepartofallkindsofcosts.Denenbergetc.(1966)alsoemphasizestheinsuranceatthisstagetheimportantroleofriskmanagement,pointsouttheimportantr
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