定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句 1.docx
- 文档编号:13037558
- 上传时间:2023-04-22
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:23.96KB
定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句 1.docx
《定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句 1.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句 1.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句1
定语从句
(一)--------关系代词的用法
一.定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系词有三个作用:
1、引导定语从句;2、代替先行词;3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who,whom和whose,关系副词包括where,when,why等。
三、关系代词的用法
关系代词
指代人还是物
在从句中的成分
That
人和物
主语和宾语
Which
物
主语和宾语
Who
人
主语和宾语
Whom
人
宾语
Whose
人和物
定语
部分特殊先行词的关系词选择
先行词
在从句中的作用或成分
关系词
时间
时间状语
When=in/on/during/at…+which
主语/宾语
That/which
地点
场合
地点状语
Where=in/on/at…+which
主语/宾语
That/which
Reason
原因状语
Why=forwhich
(非限制性定语从句只能用forwhich)
主语/宾语
That/which
Way
方式状语
That/inwhich/省略
主语/宾语
That/which
Point,situation,condition,stage,case…
地点状语
Where=inwhich
主语/宾语
That/which
Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)
Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.(that作宾语)
2.which
Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.(作主语)
Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作宾语)
3.who指人在从句中做主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:
TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.
翻译:
4.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常用who代替,可省略。
例如:
Mr.LingisjustthemanwhomIwanttosee.
翻译:
5..whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
2.关系词只能用that的情况:
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时;例如:
Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词时;例如:
Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?
你在商店里有什么要买的东西吗?
c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few等词修饰时;例如:
ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人和物时;例如:
IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
1.Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithourteacher?
先行词是,关系代词是,指(人/物),在定语从句中作语。
2.ThisisthedoctorwhomIsawyesterday.
先行词是,关系代词是,指(人/物),在定语从句中作语。
3.Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisblue?
先行词是,关系代词是,指(人/物),在定语从句中作语。
4.I’velostthepenwhichIlikebest.
先行词是,关系代词是,指(人/物),在定语从句中作语。
5.Thepersonthattelephonedmeisareporter
先行词是,关系代词是,指(人/物),在定语从句中作语。
做题思路:
1、首先要分清主句与从句;2、然后找出先行词
3、分析从句中缺少什么成分;4、再看先行词指人,还是指物;
5、在此基础上,选定恰当的关系代词。
1. Theman____isstandingthereismyfather.
A.who B.whom C.which
2.Thegirl______coatisrediswaitingatthegate
A.who’sB.whoseC.thatofwhich.
3.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
4.Whowastheman_____spoketoyoujustnow?
A. who B.whom C.that
5.Itisthebestfilm____shehaseverseen.
A. that B.which C.when
6. Chinaisacountry_____hasalonghistory.
A. who B.which C. where
7.Theboy___Italkedwithjustnowismybestfriend.
A.who B.which C.where
8.WeknowJackieChan___moviesarevery popularwiththeyoung.
A.whose B.that C.who D.which
9.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich
填上适合的关系代词并指出在句子中作什么成分。
1. Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.
2. Thisisthebook youwant.
3.Ioncelivedinahouse windowwasbroken.
4.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.
5.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.
6.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow?
7.I’mwaitingforthewomanwithyoutalkedjustnow.
8.Thetowninhelivesisfarfromhere.
9Thisisthebiggestbuilding________wehaveeverbuiltinourschool.
10.Thisisthesecondschool________Iusedtoworkat,andmanystudentstherestillhavecontactwithme.
定语从句
(二)---关系副词的用法
一.概述
定语从句中的关系副词是where,when和why,
1.when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
eg.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.
2.where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语
eg.ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.
3.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语
eg. Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyouarelate.
其中why的用法比较固定,通常先行词必须是thereason,when和where的用法要求有两点,第一,先行词分别表示时间和地点,第二,一定要在从句中作状语,否则即使先行词是指时间地点的也不能用when和where。
二.关系副词=介词+关系代词
关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
why=forwhichwhere=in/atwhichwhen=in/on/duringwhich:
1.Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.
翻译:
2.Idon’tknowtheyearwhen/inwhichhewenttoschool.
翻译:
3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich./whereIwasborn.
翻译:
三.判断关系代词与关系副词的辨别:
方法一:
用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
不及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词;而及物动词后接宾语,则要求用关系代词。
例如:
ThisisthevillagewhereIstayedlastyear.
I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.
方法二:
准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?
Isthisthemuseum____youvisited?
A. where B.that C. onwhich
1.Thatisthetown______hewasborn.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.why
2. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?
A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one
3.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim?
A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone
4.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who
5.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?
A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose
6.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.
A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when
7.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.
A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich
8. Thehouse Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
9.Thehouse Ilivedintenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
10.Idon’tknowthereason helooksunhappytoday.
考点一:
关系代词who,whom,whose的选择:
1.Thisistheman_____oftenhelpsyou.
2.Heisthestudent_______compositionwonthefirstprize.
3.Don’tgetclosetothehouse_____roofisunderrepair.
4.Thepersonwith_______Ishookhandsismyteacher.
考点二:
关系代词和关系副词的选择:
1.①Thisisthemarket_____youcanbuymanythings.
②Thisisthemarket_____sellsallkindsofthings.
2.
(1)There’sonepoint_____wemustinsiston.
(2)Shereachedapoint____shewassupposedtomakedecisionsofherown.
3.
(1)Ididn’tbelievethereason_____heexplainedtome.
(2)Ididn’tbelievethereason____hewentthere.
4.It’sajob____youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
It’sajob_______Idislike
5.Therewasatime____Ihatedtogotoschool.
非限制性定语从句
Revision
定语从句(attributiveclauses)通常由关系代词或关系副词引出。
常见的关系代词有:
__________(指物),____________(既可指人又可指物),_______指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语),_________(指人,在定语从句中作宾语),_______(指人或物,作定语)等。
关系副词有:
________(指时间),_________(指地点),_________(指原因)等。
用适合的关系代词或副词填空
1.Isatnexttoagirl__________namewasDina.
2.Students_______donotmakegooduseoftheirtimemayfailtheirexams.
3.Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudents_________weeverhad.
4.Wetalkaboutpoemsandpoets_______welike.
5.Doyouremembertheday______weleftyouincharge?
6.Doyouremembertheday________wespenttogether?
7.Idon'tknowthereason________thehouseissodirty.
8.Idon'tbelievethereason________hegaveus.
9.Welearninaclassroom________windowsarebroken.
10.Yueyangistheplace__________Iwasborn.
非限制性定语从句定义
定语从句分为限制性定语从句(restrictive)和非限制性定语从句(non-restrictive)两种。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,与先行词之间一般不加逗号;非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
Non-restrictiveattributiveclauses:
1.I’mtakingweight-losspillscalledFat-Less,whicharequitepopularamongyoungwomenhere.
2.It’sthesameinChina—manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweightatall,arealwaysgoingondietortakingweight-losspills,whichareoftendangerous.
Example1
1.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.
2.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingrapidly.
Conclusion1
当先行词是地名、人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时,通常只用______定语从句修饰。
Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
2.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。
1.__________从句与先行词关系密切,是先行词不可缺少的部分,如果去掉它,主句意思往往不明确。
2.非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充或说明,去掉它也_________影响主句的意思。
注意:
非限制性定语从句,不可that引导非限制性定语从句考点归纳:
as和which引导非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句。
Example:
1.Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.众所周知,中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
2.Sheisateacher,asisclearfromhermanner.她是个教师,这一点从她的举止可以清楚地看出。
3.Hemissedtheshow,whichwasreallyagreatpity.他错过了演出,这真是很大的遗憾。
1.as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,as和which可代替整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat。
2.as和which引导非限制性定语从句的不同之处在于:
(1)as引导的定语从句可置于__________,而which引导的定语从句不可放在句首。
as引导非限制性从句,常带有“正如”的意思。
Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_____cameasasurprise.
2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
3.__isexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.
4.__wecansee,thesmokecamefromthelittledustbin.
5.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.
A.thatB.itC.asD.what
II.all/some/of+whom/which引导非限制性定语从句
Example:
Hehastoldusmanystories,allofwhichareaboutthefamousLongMatch.
2.ThestudentsofClass1,someofwhomcamefromJapan,wentcampingyesterday.
Conclusion在非限制性定语从句中,一些表达数量或定位的数词或代词如all/some/one/both/neither/none/any/either/any等可与of构成介词词组修饰限制先行词,此时先行词在其后的定语从句中作介词的宾语,关系代词不可用that。
如先行词指人则用______,如先行词指物则用_____引导
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句 定语 从句 关系 代词 副词 限制性