英语新同步译林选修七江苏专用精编讲义Unit4SectionⅠWelcometotheunit.docx
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英语新同步译林选修七江苏专用精编讲义Unit4SectionⅠWelcometotheunit.docx
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英语新同步译林选修七江苏专用精编讲义Unit4SectionⅠWelcometotheunit
TheGermanpublictransportissoefficientthatyouwon'tneedacarinGermany.WehavetwocarsbackhomeinCanada,sowedecidetogiveGermanpublictransportatry.
Fromourhome,wehaveaccesswithin10minutes'walktotheSBahn(equivalenttocitytrains).Duringrushhoursitisfastertouseatrainthanacar.AsweglidebyintheSBahn,wecanseethecarssittinginlong,longtrafficjams.
Manymajorcitiesalsohavethesubway.Again,ifyouliveinabigcityornearit,itisfasterandlesstroublesomethanthecar.Itisalso,ofcourse,farlessexpensive:
nomaintenance,noparkingtofindandpayfor,andnogasandexpensiveinsurancetobuy.AndasthepriceofgasisalreadyprettyhighinEurope,theuseofpublictransportmakesmoresensetous.
Youcanbuyticketsforthedayoramonthlypassorayearlypass.Theyalsohavespecialpricesforgroupsorfamiliesgoodforonetothreedays,andweekendsspecialstoo.
Thelongdistancetrainsystemisalsoveryefficientandusuallypunctual.Peoplewillstarttobeimpatientifthetrainisoneortwominuteslate.TherearefourmaintypesoftrainsinGermany:
theSBahn,theregional,theoldfashionedintercitytrainandthenewageICE(IntercityExpress)thatlookslikethefrontofaplaneandcangofasterthan400km/h.YoucangojustabouteverywherebytrainfromGermanythroughoutthewholeofEuropeandIknowofnovillageorsmalltownthatisnotaccessibleeitherbytrainorotherpublictransportinGermany.
Section_ⅠWelcome_to_the_unit_&_Reading_—_Prereading
Thefirstundergroundintheworld
Welcometo①theLondonUnderground,orasitisusuallyknown②,thetube.Ithasthedistinctionof③beingtheoldestandmostcomplexundergroundsystemintheworld.Rail④servicestoLondonwerefirstdevelopedduringthefirsthalfofthe19thcentury.However,mosttrainstoLondononlywenttotheouter⑤citylimits,becausebuildingrailwaytracksintothecitywouldhavedamagedmanyoldbuildings⑥.Horsedrawn⑦buses,trams⑧,cabs⑨andcarriageswereusedtoconveypeopletoandaroundthecitycentre.Unfortunately⑪,thenumberofvehiclesontheroadcausedunbelievable⑫trafficjams⑬,andtheroadsbecamesobusythatnoonecouldtravelanywhere.Thistrafficproblemledto⑭thedevelopmentoftheundergroundsystem.
①welcometo...欢迎来到……
②asitisusuallyknown是as引导的方式状语从句。
③havethedistinctionof...在某方面卓越/优秀
④rail/reIl/n.铁路;栏杆,扶手;横杆
⑤outer/'aʊtə(r)/adj.远离中心的,外围的;外表的
⑥buildingrailway...是动名词短语,在because引导的原因状语从句中作主语。
该原因状语从句使用了虚拟语气。
相当于:
ifrailwaytrackshadbeenbuiltintothecity,itwouldhavedamagedmanyoldbuildings。
⑦horsedrawn/'hɔːsdrɔːn/adj.用马拉的
⑧tram/træm/n.有轨电车
⑨cab/kæb/n.出租车,的士
⑩convey/kən'veI/vt.运送,输送;表达
⑪unfortunately/ʌn'fɔːtʃənətlI/adv.遗憾地,不幸地,可惜地
⑫unbelievable/ˌʌnbI'liːvəbl/adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的,令人难以置信的
⑬trafficjamsn.堵车,交通堵塞
⑭leadto导致
世界上第一条地铁
[第1段译文]
欢迎来到伦敦地铁——通常它被称为“管子”。
伦敦地铁是世界上最古老且最复杂的地铁系统,并因此而享有盛名。
早在19世纪上半叶就首次有了通往伦敦的铁路交通服务。
但大部分通往伦敦的火车只到外伦敦的边界,因为在市区内修建铁路会损害许多古建筑。
用马拉的车、有轨电车、出租车和四轮马车被用来将人们送往市中心及其周围一带。
不幸的是,马路上车的数量造成了令人难以置信的交通堵塞,道路交通变得如此拥挤以至于无人能够通行。
这一交通问题导致了地铁系统的研发。
In1854,theBritishgovernmentgaveapprovalto⑮theconstructionbytheMetropolitan⑯RailwayCompanyofanundergroundrailwayinthecentreofLondon,betweenPaddingtonandFarringdon,via⑰King'sCross,StPancrasandEuston.However,newtrainshadtobedevelopedandtheplanrequiredraisingalargeamountof⑱money⑲,sothediggingwaspostponed⑳until1860.Theinitialtunnelswereopenedin1863andwerejustbeneaththesurfaceoftheground.Passengersweretransportedincarriageswithoutwindows,whichwerepulledthroughthenarrowtunnelsbysteamengines.In1868,thenextsectionoftheundergroundsystemwasopenedinthesouthofLondonbyanothercompanycalledtheMetropolitanDistrictRailway.Sixteenyearslater,in1884,theMetropolitanRailwayCompanyandtheMetropolitanDistrictRailwaylinkedupandprovidedundergroundserviceinthemiddleofthecity.ThislaterbecametheCircleLine.Becauseofthesmokefromthesteamengines,earlyundergroundlinesneededlargeholesleadingtothesurfaceatregularintervals,sothatpeoplecouldgetfreshairandwouldnotchoke.
Asbetterwaysfordiggingtunnelsweredeveloped,thefirstrailwaytunnelundertheRiverThameswasdugin1884.ThesenewwaysofdiggingacceleratedthepaceoftheLondonUnderground'sdevelopment.TheCityandSouthLondonRailwayopenedthefirstelectricundergroundrailwayin1890.Overthenexttwentyfiveyears,sixindependentdeepundergroundlineswereconstructed.Travellingontheselineswasnotconvenient,though,aseachlinewaspossessedbyadifferentcompany,andmanywereveryfarfromeachother.
⑮giveapprovalto正式批准
⑯metropolitan/ˌmetrə'pɒlItən/adj.大城市的,大都会的
⑰via/'vaIə
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