英语单词中最常见词根和重要后缀总结.docx

英语单词中最常见词根和重要后缀总结.docx

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英语单词中最常见词根和重要后缀总结

英语单词中最常见词根和重要后缀总结

备注：

词根表仅仅作为工具书辅助记忆词汇，请结合考试词汇的中文意思和课堂上老师讲解学习。

acid,acr=sour,sharpact=toact

agogue=leaderal,ol,ul=tonourish（滋补，滋养）

alt=highalter,ali=other

am=toloveangl,angul=angle（角度）

anim=breath,mind

ann=yearanthrop=human

apt=fit（适合的）aqua=water

arm=weaponsart=skill,art

aud=tohearaug=toincrease,tomake,togrow

avi=bird

band,bond=tobindbar=bar

bat=tobeatbat,bas=togo

bell=war

bio=lifebiologybiologist

autobiography

semi-autobiography

pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis

brev=shortcad,cid,cas=tofall

calc=limecamp=field

cand=white,brightcant,chant,cent=tosing

cap=head，totake，tocatch

car=car,toruncarn=flesh

cast=throwcav=hollow

cede,ceed,cess=togo,toyieldceive,cept,cip,cipate=totake

celer=swiftcent=hundred

centr=centercern,cret=toseparate

cert=surechron=time

cide,cise=tocutcirc,cyc=ring

cite=tocall,tourgeclaim,clam=tocry

clin=tobendclud=toshut

coct=tocookcognis,gnos=toknow

commun=commoncord=heart

corp=bodycosm,cosmo=universe

count=tocountcover=tocover

cre,cresc=tomake,togrowcred=tobelieve

crim=accusation,crimecrit=tojudge

cruc=crossculp=blame,guilt

cult=totillcumb=toliedown

cur,course=toruncure=totakecare

cuss=tostrike,toshakedeb,du=toowe

dei=goddem=people

dent=tooth

例如：

dentist牙医-ist表示人；dent=tooth

derm,derma,dermat=skin

dic=toproclaimdict,dit=tosay

dign=worthydivid,divis=todivide

doc=toteachdom=house

dom=totame,toruledon,dot,dow=togive

dorm=tosleepdox,dogma=opinion

draw=todraw,topulldrom=torun,course（process）

duce,duct=toleaddur=tolast

dyn,dynam=powereco=houseego=I,self

electr=electricem,empt=totake,tobuyequ=equal

err=towander,toerress,est=tobe

fa,fabl,fabul=tospeakfac,front=face,forehead

fac,fect=tomake,todofare=togo

fend,fest=tostrikefer=tocarry,tobear,totolerate

ferv=toboilfess=tospeak

fest=festivalfict,fig=tofeign

fid=totrustfigure=toshape,figure（n.）,form（n.）

fil=thread,tospinfin=toend

fix=tofastenflat=toblow

flect,flex=tobendflict=tostrike

flor=flowerflu=toflow

foli=leafform=toform,form,shape

fort=strongfound,fund=base

fract,frag=tobreakfug=toflee

fuse,found=topourgam=marriage

gener,gen,gent=toproduce,race（n.）ger,gest=tocarry

grad,gress=towalkgram,graph=towrite

grand=grandgrat=toplease

grav=heavygregat=tocollect

hab,hibit=tohaveherb=grass

here,hes=tostick，her=heir

horr=totremblehum,hom=man

hum=groundhydr=water

hypno=sleepidio=personal,distinct

it=togo

ject,jac=tothrowjoin,junct=tojoin

journ=dayjud=tojudge

jur=toswearjust,juris=law,right,justice

labor=toworklaps=toslip,toglide

late=tobring,tobearlater=side

lav,lau=towashlax,lyse=toloosen

lect,leg=tochoose,togather,toreadleg=toappoint,tosend

leg=lawlev=toraise,light（adj.）

liber=freelibr,lib=book

lic=tobepermittedlig=tobind

lingu=tongue,languageliqu=fluid

liter=letterloc=place

log,loqu,locut=tospeaklong=long

lud=toplaylumin=light

lust,luc=bright

magn,maj,max=greatmanu,man=hand

mand,mend=toorder,toentrustmari=sea

mark=tomark,boundarymatr=mother

mechan=machinemed=toheal

medi=middlemelan=black

memor=torememberment=tothink,mind（n.）

mere=totrade,reward（n.）merge,mers=tosink,todip

meter=tomeasuremigr=toremove,towander

milit=soldier,tofightmin=tojut,toproject

min=smallmir=towonder,tobehold

miss,mit=tosend,tothrowmix=tomix

mod=mannermon=toadvise,toremind

monstr=toshowmor=custom

morph=formmort=death

mount=mountain,toascendmov,mob,mot=tomove

muni=servicemur=wall

mut=tochangemyst=mystery

nat=bornnau,nav=ship

necro=death,deadnect,nex=tobind

neg=todenyneur,neuro,nerv=nerve

neutr=neithernihil=nothing

noc,nox=toharmnoct,nox=night

nomin,nom=namenorm=rule,norm

not=tomarknounce,nunci=toreport

nov=newnul,null=nothing

number,numer=number,tocountnutri=tonourish

ocul=eyeonym=name

oper=towork,workopt=towish

opt,opto=eye,sightora=tospeak,topray

order,ordin=orderori=torise,tobegin

orn=todecorate,tofurnishortho=straight,right

oss,osteo=bonepact=toagree,tofasten

pan=breadpar=toprepare

par=equalpar=toappear

par=tobear,togivebirthtopart=apart,topart

pass=topasspassi,pati,path=tosuffer,feelings

part=fatherped=foot

ped=childpel,puls=todrive

pen,pun=topunishpend,pens=tohang,toweigh

peri=togothroughpet=tofly,toseek

petr,petro=stone,rockphan,fan=appearance

phon=sound;phe=tospeakphoto=light（n.）

pict=topaint,pictureplac,pleas=toplease

plain,plaint=tobeatthebreastplant=toplant,plant（n.）

plaud,plode=tostrike,toclap

plen,plete,ple,pli,ply=tofill,full（adj.）

plore=toflowoutply,pli,ple=tofold

polis=citypolit,poli=state,country

pon,pound=toputpopul,publ=people

port=tocarryport=gate

pos=toplace,toputpotent=powerful

prec=topraypreci=price

preda=prey（n.）,toplunderpress=topress

prim,prin,prem=firstpris,prehend=toseize

priv=private（adj.）todepriveproach,proxim=near

prob,prov=totest,totry,toexamineproper,propri=proper,one’sown

psych,psycho=soulpugn=tofight

punct=toprickpur=pure

purg=topurifypute=tothink

quer=tocomplainqui,quiet=calm,rest（n.）

quire,quisit,quest=toseekquit=tofree,torelease

radi=root

radi=rayrap,rav=tosnatch

rat,ratio=toreckon,reason（n.）rect=right,straight

reg=torule,king（n.）rot=wheel（n.）,toturn

rud=rawrupt=tobreak

sacr,sanct,secr=sacred

sal=saltsal,sult=toleap

sal,san=wholesangui=blood

sat=fullscan,scend,scal=toclimb

sci=toknowscribe,script=towrite

sect=tocutsed,sess,sid=tosit

semin=seedsen=old

sens,sent=tofeelsequ,secut,su=tofollow

sert=tojoin,toputserv=toserve,tokeep

sign=tomarksimil,sembl=like（prep.）,same

sinu=curve,sinussist,stitut,sta,st=tostand

soci=companion,toassociatesol=alone

sol=sun

somn=sleepson=sound

soph=wise,wisdomsort=kind

spec,spect=tosee,tolooksper=hope

spers=toscatterspher=ball

spir=tobreathesplend=toshine

spond,spons=topromisestell=star

stinct,sting=toprick

string,strict,strain,stress=todrawtightstru,struct=tobuild

suade=toadvisesume,sumpt=totake

summ=sum,highestsur=sure,secure

tail=tocuttang,tact=totouch

tain,ten,tin=tohold,tokeeptechn（o）=art,skill

tect=tocovertemper=tomoderate

tempor=timetempt,tent=totry

tend,tens,tent=tostretchtenu=thin

term=boundaryterr=earth

terr=tofrightentest=witness

text=toweavethe（o）=god

thes,thet=toplace,toputtim=tofear

ton=tonetort=totwist

tour,torn=toturntox=poison

tract,treat=todrawtribut=topay,tobestow

trop=toturntrud,trus=tothrust,topush

tum=toswellturb=todisturb

ultim=lastumbr=shadow

urb=cityus,uti=touse

vac,van,void=emptyvade=togo

vaga=towanderval,vail=strong,worth

var（i）=diverse,tochangevelop=towrap

ven,vent=tocomeven=vein

venge=toavengevent=wind

ver=trueverb=word

verg=toinclinevers,vert=toturn

vest=toclothe,garment

vi,voy=wayvict,vinc=toconquer

vid,vis=toseevig,veg=lively

viv=tolivevoc,voke=tocall,voice

volve,volut=toroll

vor=toeat

C）常见的后缀（suffix）

★1.名词后缀

（1）具有某种职业或动作的人

1）-an,-ian,表示"……地方的人，精通……的人”American,historian

2）-al,表示"具有……职务的人"principal,

3）-ant,-ent表示"……者”merchant,agent,servant,student

4）-ar表示"……的人”scholar,liar

5）-ard,-art表示"做……的人”coward

6）-arian表示"……派别的人，……主义的人”vegetarian

7）-ary表示"从事……的人"secretary

8）-ate表示"具有……职责的人"candidate,graduate

9）-ator表示"做……的人"educator

10）-crat表示"某种政体，主义的支持者"democrat

11）-ee表示"动作承受者"employee,examinee

12）-eer表示"从事于……人"engineer,volunteer

13）-er表示"从事某种职业的人,某地区，地方的人"banker,observer,Londoner,villager

14）-ese表示"……国人，…..地方的人”Japanese,Cantonese

15）-ess表示"阴性人称名词"actress,hostess,manageress

16）-yer表示"从事……职业者”lawyer

17）-ian表示"……地方人，信仰…….教的人，从事……职业的人”physician（内科医生），musician

18）-ician表示"精通者，……家，”electrician,magician,technician

19）-icist表示"……家，…….者,…….能手”physicist

20）-ic表示"……者，……师"mechanic,critic

21）-ster表示"做…….事情的人”youngster,gamester（赌徒），songster

22）-ier表示"从事……职业”clothier

23）-ine,ian表示"阴性人称名词"heroine,ballerina

24）-ist表示"从事……研究者，信仰……主义者"pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist,violinist

25）-ive表示"动作者，行为者”native,captive

26）-logist表示"……学家，研究者"biologist,geologist（地质学家）

27）-or表示"……者"author,doctor,operator,

★

（2）.构成，具有抽象名词的含义

1）-hood,表示"资格，身份,年纪，状态"childhood,manhood

2）-age,表示"状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称"courage,storage,marriage

3）-al,

a）表示"事物的动作，过程”refusal,arrival,survival

b）表示具体的事物manual,signal,editorial,journal

4）-ance,