航英听力与会话精选.docx
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航英听力与会话精选.docx
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航英听力与会话精选
Charter5
1.Describethedutiesofwatch-keepingwhenunderway.
Whenyouareonwatch-keeping,youwillberesponsibletothemasterfortheproperperformanceofhisassignedbridgewatchstandingandnavigationalduties.Whentheshipisunderway,thechiefofficerwillbeondutyduring4to8and16-20;thesecondofficerwillbeondutyduring0-4and12-16;thethirdofficerwillbeondutyduring8-12and20-24.
Ateachwatch,theofficersonwatchshouldchecktheship’spositionsatleast4times,changethesteeringgearfromauto-pilottomanual-pilot1time.Theyalsocheckship’scourse,speed,andtheweathercondition,navigationalequipmentsconditions.
Theofficersduty’sspotisatthebridge,theyshouldkeepsharplook-outatalltime.Theycandonothingexpectlook-outandtakeproperavoidingactions.Usuallytheyshouldpatrolthewholeshiponceawatchatnightforavoidfireorotherunnormalthingshappened.
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2.Describethebridgeshiftchange.
Shiftingchangeisveryimportantforthesafetyofaship.Whenanofficergoestothebridgefortakingoverforduty,hemustknowthepresentcourse,speed,position,andmustbeinformedthesituationofothervesselswhicharenear.
Therelievingofficershouldgotothebridge15minutesadvance.Firstly,heshouldgethabittothesighting,especiallyinthenight.Secondly,heshouldasktherelievedofficersomething,suchasship’scourse,speed,position.Thirdly,heshouldgointothechartroomtochecktheconditions.Atnightheshouldreadandsignthenightorder.
Thechangeofconnmustbeclearlystatedandloggedincludingtheactualtimethatittookplace.Therelievingofficermustsignthenightorderbooktoindicateunderstandingofthemaster’sorders.
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3.Describethedifferencesbetweennavigatinginanarrowchannelandintrafficseparationscheme.
Ifyouareadrivenpowervesselandyouareproceedingalongthecourseofanarrowchannel,youshallkeepasneartotheouterlimitofthechannelwhichliesonyourstarboardsideasissafeandpracticable.Youshallavoidcrossachannelandanchorinachannel.
Ifyouareadrivenpowervesselandyouareusingatrafficseparationscheme,youshallproceedintheappropriatetrafficlaneinthegeneraldirectionoftrafficflowforthatlaneYoushallavoidcrosslaneandanchorinlane,trafficlineorseparationzone.
Intrafficseparationscheme,therearetrafficlineorseparationzone,butinnarrowchannelnot.
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4.Describeadvantagevarioustoolsortechnologiesforproperlookout.
Everyvesselshallatalltimesmaintainaproperlookoutbysightandhearingaswellasbyallavailablemeansappropriateintheprevailingcircumstancesandconditionssoastomakeafullappraisalofthesituationandoftheriskofcollision,
Thefeaturesofradarobservationareasfollows:
(1)limitationsoftheradarequipment,smallvessels,iceandotherfloatingobjectsmaynotbydetectedbyradaratanadequaterange;;
(2)imposedbytheradarrangescaleinuse;Weatherandothersourcesofinterference;(3)themoreexactassessmentofthevisibilitythatmaybepossiblewhenradarisusedtodeterminetherangeofvesselsorotherobjectsinthevicinity.
Theadvantagesofvisuallookoutareasfollows:
(1)Itisthebasedmeansoflooking–out;
(2)thesituationcanbereadilyapparent,andsoon.
Therearemanytoolsandtechnologiestobeusedinlook-out,forexample,whenyouusearadar,youshouldswitchtheradarstandbyfirst,thenyoushouldproperadjustit,includerange,tuning,gain,contrast,anti-cluttersea,anti-clutterrain.Youcandetectedthebearinganddistanceofaobjectwithradar.
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5.Describethepreparationtobedonebytheresponsibilityofpriortoarrival.
Thechiefofficeristheheadofthedeckdepartment.Heisassistedbyasecondofficer,athirdofficer,abosun,acarpenter,andsomeAB.Thechiefisresponsibleforcaringcargo,forexample,makingstowageplanning,holdspreparation,loading,stowage,discharging.Thesecondofficerisresponsibleforwatchpertainingtonavigationpublicationsandequipment.Thethirdofficerisresponsibleforwatchdutiespertainingtofire-fightingappliancesandlife-savingappliancesandmaintenance.Theareallassignedtobridgetobeproperperformancewatchstandingandnavigationalduties.
Thechiefofficerisresponsibletothemasterfortheoperation,administration,andsupervisionofthedeckdepartmentThechiefofficer,carpenterand2-3ABareassignedtotheforestation.Andthesometime,thesecond,bosunand2-3ABareassignedtotheaftstation.Theyshouldpreparetomastfastlines.Thethirdisatthebridge,hisdutyistocarryoutthecaptain’sorpilot’sorder
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Charter8
1.Describefireprecautiononboard.
Thethirdofficerisinchargeoffire-fightingequipmentsandlife-savingequipments.Inordertoensurethefire-fightingequipmentscanbeusedinthetimewhenthevesselisonfire,thethirdofficershouldcheckthefireequipmentsonboardregularly.Forexample,tochecktheco2extinguishersbyweighting.
Theproceduresofafiredrillisasfollows:
(1)soundfirealarm;
(2)crewconnectingatthestation.;(3)thechiefofficernumbersthecrewandasksomeonewhatishisdutiesonafire-fighting;(4)todrillhowtousesomeoftheextinguisher;(5)summarythefiredill;(6)cancelthealarm,
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2.Describedamagecontrolonboard.
Vesselsmaybemakingwateraftercollision,groundorothermarine’saccident.Thethirdofficershouldcheckdamagedcontrolequipmentsregularly.Heshouldcheckwater-proofblanket,blockingmats,blockingplanks,blockingcases,blockingscrewsandotherdamagecontrol.
Afteravesselisdamagedandismakingwater,theconditionsofdamagedandthepositionofdamagedmustbeinvestigatedimmediately.Thenestimatingthethreatenwhichiscausedbythedamaged.Accordingtothefact,takingproperactivitiestocontrolfloodingandpumpoutflooding-water.
Thedistinctkindsofcontrolmakingwatershouldbetakentorelatedifferentdamagedposition,e.g.belowwaterlineandabovewaterline.
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3.Describethemeasurestakenonboardifaground.
Whenashipisbeingaground,itmaybetolist,ortrim.Accordingtothedifferentsituations,youcandecidewhereisbeingaground.
Ifyourvesselisaground,Iadviceyoutotakeactionsasfollows:
(1)de-ballastorjettisoncargo,itcanmakeyourvesselre-floatbyreducingitsdisplacement;
(2)requiretugs’assistance,tugscanpullorpushyourvesselfromtheshallowtodeepwater;(3)waitingthetide,thedepthofwaterwillraisewhenthetideisrising,soyourvesselmayre-float.(4)shiftingcargoesorliquid,adjustingvessel’slist,trim,tomakethevessel’sgroundedpartclearofthebottom,andthenyouwillbere-float.
Whenyoupaytore-floatyourvessel,youshouldtakesomespecialattention,thefirstthingistodecidewhereisgroundandthesituation.Thesecondistodecidethatthevesselismakingwaterornot.
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4.Describethemeasurestakenonboardifonfire.
Switchonfirealarmimmediatelywhilefindingfire.Thefirealarmisbellingforoneminute,andonelongblastisindicatingfore;twolongblastsisindicatingaft;threelongblastsisindicatingmiddle,orbridge;fourlongblastsisindicatingtheengineroom.
Afterthefirehasbeenextinguished,crewshouldcheckthefireareaevery10minutesforavoidingthefirere-ignition,sentmenforkeepingandreport.Aftermakingsurethefireisnotre-ignition,thecrewcancancelthefirealarm,andthechiefofficershouldentertheeventintothelog-book.
Youshouldfoamextinguishertofightinganoil-fire,drypowerextinguisherstofightinganelectricfire.Thecarbondioxideextinguisherwillbecausedtheleastdamagedinfire-fighting.
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第1章口述题
1.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourhometown.
MyhometownisinJIANGSU(江苏),thesouthofCHANGJIANG(长江)riverofChina.Thepopulationinmyhometownisabout500,000.Therearemanyriversinmyhometown.
Theenvironmentofmyhometownisverybeautiful.Thepeopleofmyhometownarekind-hearted.E.g.sometimestheywillinviteanewfriendtotheirhometohavedinnerwiththeirfamilies.
Theremanyspecialtiesinmyhometown,forexample,thesilkfromSuzhou,BiluochunTea,andsoon.
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2.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourself.
Mynameis…,Iam…yearsold.IcomefromFJ(福建)provinceofChina.NowIamaseniorstudentinXiamenJimeiUniversity.Myhobbiesareplayingcardsandlisteningmusic.
BecauseIamastudent,somymaintaskisstudy.
Inmyspare,Iplaycardsandlistenmusic,sometimesIplayfootballorbasketball.
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3.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourfamily.
Myfatherisaworker,mymotherisateacherandIamastudent.
Myfatherlikestoplaycardsandmymotherlikestolistenmusic.Bothofmyparentsarekindly.
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4.Yourfavoriteportyouhavecalledat.
MyfavoriteportIhavecalledatisShanghai.ShanghaiportisthelargestportinourcountryandShanghaiisabeautifulcity.TheNangJingroadiswidely,therearemanyshops.Ifyoucalltheport,Ithink,youwillgotoOutShore(上海外滩).AttheOutShore,youcanlooktheWangPUriverandvisitWangPupark.
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5.Pleasesaysomethingaboutyourresponsibil
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