热点21 寒潮天气的特征及其应对解析版备战高考英语时事热点阅读+题型专练.docx
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热点21 寒潮天气的特征及其应对解析版备战高考英语时事热点阅读+题型专练.docx
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热点21寒潮天气的特征及其应对解析版备战高考英语时事热点阅读+题型专练
备战2022年高考英语时事热点阅读+题型专练
热点21寒潮天气的特征及其应对
一、阅读理解
1
Sharpdropsintemperatures,strongwindshowling...Acoldsnap(寒流)hasstruckmanypartsofChina.
TheNationalMeteorologicalCentre(NMC)(国家气象中心)issuedanorangealertonDec.28,asacoldairmasssweptacrossthecountryfromnorthtosouth.Thisisthefirstorangewarningsince2016,whichisthehighestinthethree-tier(三级的)ranking,followedbyyellowandblue.
OnDec.27,thetemperatureintheGreaterHingganMountainsofHeilongjiangprovincefellto-44.5℃,thelowestsincewinterbegan,theregion'smeteorologicalservicesaid.
AccordingtoSunJun,thechiefforecasterfromtheNMC,thisroundofthecoldwaveistougherthanthesameperiodinnormalyears.Temperaturesinmorethan25citiescouldreachrecordlows.EveninHunanandJiangxiprovinces,temperatureshavereachedsubzero.
SinceearlyDecember,ChinahasreportedpowersqueezesintheprovincesofHunan,JiangxiandZhejiang.Streetlampsinseveralcitieshavenotbeenon.Elevatorsinsomeofficebuildingshaven'tworked.Thecentralairconditioninginmalls,librariesandgovernmentbuildingshasbeenoffforseveraldays,Xinhuareported.
AccordingtotheNationalDevelopmentofReformCommission(NDRC)(国家发展改革委员会),thepowercutsintheseprovincesarearesultofthedramaticincreaseofdemandforelectricityfueledbythehighdemandofindustriesthathavenowrecoveredandarekeentomakeupforthelosttimeearlierintheyearandthelowtemperatures.
Meanwhile,domesticneedsforelectricityalsosurged.Forinstance,inHunan,lowtemperaturescameatleastonemonthearlierthanusualintheprovincethisyear.Millionsofpeoplestartedusingspaceheaterstodealwiththecoldweather.
Inordertohelppeoplegetthroughtheseconditions,Chinaisincreasingitssupplyofnaturalgasandcoaltoensureitspowergenerationandheatingneeds,accordingtotheNDRC.MajorcoalproducersintheprovincesofShanxiandShaanxihavebeeninstructed.toboostproductioncapacityandcoalimports.TheNDRChasorderedpowerplantstohavecoalreservesforatleast18days.ItwouldalsoguaranteethepowersupporttoregionsinHunanandJiangxi,whichareshortofthesupplyofcoal.
1.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph5probablymean?
A.Shortage.B.Abundance.
C.Waste.D.Improvement.
2.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.Temperatureofthiswinterislikelytobethecoldest.
B.TemperatureinHunanprovinceneverreachedsubzero.
C.Orangealarmishigherthanblueinthethree-tierranking.
D.It'simpossibleforthepowerplantsinHunantohavecoalreservesforatleast18days.
3.Welearncanleadtopowersqueezesaswell.
A.naturalgasB.streetlamps
C.gascentralairconditioningD.theuseofelectricitybyhouseholds
4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?
A.ScienceStudyB.Weather
C.DiscoveryD.OurWorld
【答案】ACDD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。
主要讲述了“霸王级”寒潮席卷,最强寒流来袭导致的全国多个省份出现电力短缺的现象。
1.词义猜测题。
根据第五段后面部分的描述“Streetlampsinseveralcitieshavenotbeenon.Elevatorsinsomeofficebuildingshaven’tworked.Thecentralairconditioninginmalls,librariesandgovernmentbuildingshasbeenoffforseveraldays.”(几个城市的路灯尚未点亮。
一些办公大楼中的电梯无法正常工作。
据新华社报道,商场,图书馆和政府大楼的中央空调已经关闭了几天。
)可知,此处指的是寒潮带来的电力供应不足的问题,后面几个段落的内容也可印证这一点。
故选A。
2.细节理解题。
由第二段的“Thisisthefirstorangewarningsince2016,whichisthehighestinthethree-tier(三级的)ranking,followedbyyellowandblue.”(这是自2016年以来的第一个橙色警告,是三级排名中最高的橙色警告,其次是黄色和蓝色。
)可知,橙色预警级别高于蓝色预警。
故选C。
3.细节理解题。
根据第七段“Meanwhile,domesticneedsforelectricityalsosurged.Millionsofpeoplestartedusingspaceheaterstodealwiththecoldweather.”(同时,国内对电力的需求也激增。
数以百万计的人开始使用太空加热器来应对寒冷的天气。
)可知,导致电力紧缺的另一原因是由于人们使用取暖器来抵御严寒,导致家庭用电需求激增。
故选D。
4.推理判断题。
整篇文章讲述了因为寒潮席卷,我国中东部大部地区开启“速冻”模式。
面对用电供暖需求激增,煤电气全力保供应,属于描述社会现象的文章,因此不属于天气类,科学研究类,探究类。
故选D。
2
Howareyoufeelingtoday?
Oftenwhenweaskpeoplethatquestion,theyreply"notbad",or"couldbeworse".Butwhatwouldmakeusfeel"perfect"?
Maybewecouldlivebetterbybeinghealthier,lessstressedandmoremotivated.Buthow?
Ofcoursetherearemanywaystoimproveourmentalhealth,butsometimestherearesmallandsimplesolutionstohelpimproveourwellbeing.It'ssomethingtheBBCTVprogramEasyWaystoLiveWellhasbeenlookingat.Itsuggestedseveral"healthpacks"whichtheprogrampresenterstriedandgavetheir"sealofapproval".Andmaybetheycouldhelpustoo.
Firstly,toavoidputtingonweightandtocutthecalories,theprogramfoundsniffing(嗅)peppermintstopsourdesireforasnack.Presenter,chefandwriterHughFearnley-Whittingstallsays"ascientifictheorycalledmutualcompetitionshowsthatastrongsmellcandistractourbrainfromthefoodwe'rethinkingabout."
Ifyouraddictiontoyoursmart-phoneisgettingyoudown,it'ssuggestedthatturningyourphonescreengrayhelpsyoureducescreentimebecauseablackandwhitescreenbecomeslessattractivetolookat.Withrecentstudiesshowingourphonescanmakeus26%lessproductiveandincreaseourstress,itseemslikeano-brainertotrythis"dim(暗)"idea.
Fancyaswiminice-coldwater?
Well,theBBCprogramfoundadailydipinfreezingwatergetsyouusedtothestressofdoingitandthereforepreparesyouforotherlifestresses.Andanotherwayto"chillout"istoleaveyoursmart-phoneathome,immerseyourselfinaforest,andbreatheinthefreshair.Forestbathingistheperfectmedicineforthestressesofurbanlife.
Otherlife-improvingideasincludedthingssuchassingingtoreducepainandmovingyourbodymoretogetawayfromourinactivelives.Butwhatevertherapywechoosetoadopt,itseemsanychangetoourlifestylecanhelpimproveourbodyandmind.
5.Peppermintcanpreventusfromadesireforfoodbecause.
A.ithashighcaloriesB.ithasastrongsmell
C.itcanmakeusgainweightD.itcausesdamagetoourbrain
6.Agrayphonescreencanmakeus________.
A.morestressfulB.addictedtophones
C.usephoneslessD.lessattractive
7.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?
A.FocusofaTVprogram.B.Waystoliveabetterlife.
C.Importanceofahealthylife.D.Reasonsforchangingourlifestyle.
【答案】BCB
【解析】本文是说明文。
这是一篇健康环保类阅读,主要介绍了一些改善我们健康的建议,告诉我们不论我们选择什么方法,对我们生活方式的改变可以帮助改善我们的身心。
5.推理判断题。
根据第三段的“Presenter,chefandwriterHughFearnley-Whittingstallsays"ascientifictheorycalledmutualcompetitionshowsthatastrongsmellcandistractourbrainfromthefoodwe'rethinkingabout."(主持人、厨师兼作家休·沃芬利-惠廷斯特说:
“一种叫做相互竞争的科学理论表明,强烈的气味会分散我们的大脑对我们正在思考的食物的注意力。
”)”可推断,薄荷可以阻止我们渴望食物是因为它有强烈的气味。
故选B。
6.推理判断题。
根据第四段的“Ifyouraddictiontoyoursmart-phoneisgettingyoudown,it'ssuggestedthatturningyourphonescreengrayhelpsyoureducescreentimebecauseablackandwhitescreenbecomeslessattractivetolookat.(如果你对智能手机的上瘾正在让你失望,建议把你的手机屏幕变成灰色,有助于你减少屏幕时间,因为黑白屏幕变得不那么吸引人去看)”可推知,灰色的手机屏幕可以让手机不那么吸引人,从而让我们可以少用手机。
故选C。
7.主旨大意题。
根据第二段的“Ofcoursetherearemanywaystoimproveourmentalhealth,butsometimestherearesmallandsimplesolutionstohelpimproveourwellbeing.(当然,有很多方法来改善我们的心理健康,但有时也一些小而简单的解决方案也可以来帮助改善我们的健康。
)”和“It'ssomethingtheBBCTVprogramEasyWaystoLiveWellhasbeenlookingat.(它就是英国广播公司电视节目EasyWaystoLiveWell一直在关注东西。
)”可知,本文主要介绍了集中改善精神健康,让我们生活的更好的方法。
故选B。
3
Now,itiswinterandasyouhaveprobablynoticed,virusareeverywhere—runnynoses,sorethroats,nothingquitelikethecommoncoldtomakeyoufeelsouncomfortable.Butexpertsbelievethatthereisnolinkbetweencoldweatherandcatchingcolds.Sowhyareweparticularlyeasytocatchcoldsthisseason?
InternalMedicineexpert,DrMeenakshiJainofMaxHospitalsays,“Onereasoncouldbethatpeoplearelikelytostayindoors,sotheviruscanspreadeasily.Alsothevirusgrowsstrongandhealthyunderwetconditions.”
Thecommoncoldcanbecausedbyanyofupto250kindsofvirus.Themostcommongroupofthemisthekindofvirusthathitsthenose,whichiscalledrhinovirus.Rhinovirusescauseathirdandahalfofallcommoncolds.
“Thiskindofvirusisspreadthroughthenoseandrespiratorypassages(呼吸道),bytouch,andbycontactwithparticles(微粒)intheairthatarecreatedbysneezingorcoughing,”saysDrJain.
Thereisnowaytotreatthecommoncold.However,therearesometipsthatcanhelp.Washyourhandsregularly,sothatgermsgetkilled.Don’ttouchyoureyes,noseormouth,whichcanlimityourchancesofinfection(传染).Don’tsharedrinkingglasseswithanyoneasthiswillpreventthespreadofthevirus.Drinklotsofwater.Makesuretoeatenoughfruitstoboostyourimmunesystem(免疫系统).Getenoughsleepandyou’llcertainlybecomestronger.
8.Whatdoesthewriterthinkwillmakeyousuffermost?
A.Thecommoncold.B.Thewinter.
C.Sorethroats.D.Runnynoses.
9.Athirdandahalfofallcommoncoldsarecausedby_____.
A.thecoldweatherinthewinterB.theconditionofthehumanbody
C.thevirusthathitspeople’snoseD.thewarmtemperatureintheroom
10.Theunderlinedword“boost”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans_____.
A.damageB.treatC.changeD.improve
11.Inthelastparagraph,thewritermainlywantstotellus_____.
A.somewaysforthevirustospread
B.thecommoncoldcannotbetreated
C.exerciseisimportanttopeople’shealth
D.sometipsonhowtokeepthecoldaway
【答案】ACDD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了冬季易患感冒的原因,病毒传播的方式和预防感冒的小窍门。
8.细节理解题。
根据第一段关键句“Now,itiswinterandasyouhaveprobablynoticed,virusareeverywhere—runnynoses,sorethroats,nothingquitelikethecommoncoldtomakeyoufeelsouncomfortable.”(现在是冬天,你可能已经注意到了,病毒到处都是,流鼻涕,喉咙痛,没有什么比普通感冒更让你感到不舒服的了。
)可知,作者认为没有什么比普通感冒更让你感到不舒服的了,也就是说,普通感冒会让你最不舒服。
由此可知,作者认为普通感冒会让你最痛苦。
故选A项。
9.细节理解题。
根据第三段关键句“Themostcommongroupofthemisthekindofvirust
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