外文翻译汽车变速器设计.docx
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外文翻译汽车变速器设计.docx
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外文翻译汽车变速器设计
附录
Transmissiondesign
Asweallknowautomobileenginetoacertainspeedcanbeachievedunderthebestconditions,whencomparedissuedbythepower,fueleconomyisrelativelygood.Therefore,wehopethattheengineisalwaysinthebestofconditionstoworkunder.However,theuseofmotorvehiclesneedtohavedifferentspeeds,thuscreatingaconflict.Transmissionthroughthisconflicttoresolve.
AutomotiveTransmissionrolesumupinonesentence,calledvariablespeedtwisting,twistingorslowdownthegrowthratebyincreasingtorsional.Whycanslowdownbytwisting,andthegrowthratebutalsobytwisting?
Forthesameenginepoweroutput,powercanbeexpressedasN=WT,wherewistheangularvelocityofrotation.WhenNfixed,wandTisinverselyproportionaltothe.Therefore,thegrowthratewillreducetwisting,twistingslowdownwillincrease.AutomotiveTransmissionspeedgearbasedontheprincipleofvariabletwistedintovariousstallsofdifferenttransmissionratiocorrespondingtoadapttodifferentoperationalconditions.
Generaltosetupamanualgearboxinputshaft,intermediateshaftandoutputshaft,alsoknownasthethree-axis,aswellasDaodangaxis.Three-axisisthemaintransmissionstructure,inputshaftspeedisthespeedoftheengine,theoutputshaftspeedistheintermediateshaftandoutputshaftgearmeshingbetweendifferentfromthespeed.Differentgearsaredifferenttransmissionratio,andwillhaveadifferentspeed.ForexampleZhengzhourichanZN6481W2Gmanualtransmissioncar-SUV,itstransmissionratioare:
1File3.704:
1;stalls2.202:
1;stalls1.414:
1;stalls1:
15stalls(speedingfile)0.802:
1.
Whendriverschoosealaunchvehiclestalls,Plectrumwillbe1/2filesynchronizationengagementwithabackstallgearandoutputshaftlockit,thepowerinputshaft,intermediateshaftandoutputshaftgearofastall,astalltheoutputshaftgeardriven,andtheoutputshaftpowerwillbetransmittedtothedriveshaft(redarrow).AtypicalstallBiansuchiluntransmissionratiois3:
1,thatistosaythreelapstotheinputshaftandoutputshafttoacircle.
Whenthegrowthrateofcardriverschoosetwostalls,Plectrumwillbe1/2-filesynchronizationandfileajointseparationafter2stallandlocktheoutputshaftgear,powertransmissionlinesimilar,thedifferenceisthattheoutputshaftgearofastall2stallreplacedbytheoutputshaftgeardriven.2stallBiansuchiluntypicaltransmissionratiois2.2:
1,2.2lapstotheinputshaftandoutputshafttoacirclethanastallspeedincrease,lowertorque.
Whenrefuelingvehicledriversgrowthstallsoption3,Plectrumto1/2backtothefreefile-synchronizationposition,andalsoallowsthe3/4filesynchronizationMobilestalluntil3intheoutputshaftgearlock,powercanbeintotheshaftaxis-intermediateshaft-theoutputshaftofthethreestallsBiansuchilun,ledthroughthreestallsBiansuchilunoutputshaft.3stallstypicaltransmissionratiois1.7:
1,1.7lapstotheinputshaftandoutputshafttoacircleisfurthergrowth.
WhencardriversOption4refuelinggrowthstalls,Plectrumwillbe3/4fromthe3-filesynchronizationstallgeardirectlywiththeinputshaftgearjointinitiative,andpowertransmissiondirectlyfromtheinputshafttotheoutputshaft,thetransmissionratioat1:
1,thattheinputshaftandoutputshaftspeedthesame.Thedrivingforcewithoutintermediateshaft,alsoknownasdirectfile,thefiletransmissionthanthemaximumtransmissionefficiency.Mostcarsrun-timefilesareuseddirectlytoachievethebestfueleconomy.
Shiftintothefirstintervalwhen,inafreetransmissionwhenBiansuchilunoutputshaftisnotlockedin,theycannotrotatetheoutputshaftdriven,notpoweroutput.
Generalautomotivemanualtransmissionthanthemain1-4stalls,usuallythefirstdesignerstodeterminetheminimum(onestall)andmaximum(4files)transmissionratio,themiddlestalldrivebygeometricprogressionthanthegeneraldistribution.Inaddition,therearestallsDaodangandspeeding,speedingfileisalsoknownasthefivestalls.
Whenthecartoacceleratetomorethancardriverswiththechoiceoffivestalls,andatypicalfive-transmissionratiois0.87:
1,whichisdrivenbyapiniongear,thegearwhentheinitiativeto0.87zone,passivegearhavebeentransferredtoacircleoftheEnd.
DaoDang,theoppositedirectiontotheoutputshaftrotation.Ifonepairofmeshinggearswhenwereverserotation,withamiddlegear,itwillbecomethesametotherotation.Useofthisprinciple,weshouldaddagearDaodangthe"media"willberotationaldirectionreversed,itwillhaveaDaodangaxis.Daodanginstalledinthetransmissionshaftindependentcrust,andtheintermediateshaftparallelaxisgearwiththeintermediateshaftandoutputshaftgearmeshinggears,willbecontrarytotheoutputshaft.
Daodangusuallyusedforthesynchronizationcontrolalsojoinsfivestalls,stallsandDaodang5positioninthesameside.Asamiddlegear,thegeneraltransmissionDaodangtransmissionratiogreaterthan1filetransmissionratio,bytwisting,steepslopewithsomevehiclesencounteredontheprogressstallsfalterswithaDaodangboost.
Ridefromthedriveroftheconsiderations,bettertransmissionstall,stalladjacentstallmorethanthetransmissionchangestheratioofsmall,andeasytoshiftsmoothly.However,theshortcomingsofthestallsismoretransmissionstructureiscomplicated,bulky,lightvehicletransmissionisgenerally4-5stalls.Atthesametime,transmissionratioisnotintegral,butwithallofthedecimalpoint,itisbecauseofthegearteethmeshingisnotcausedbythewholemultiplesoftwogearteethcanleadtothewholemultiplesoftwomeshinggearsofunevenwear,makingthetoothsurfacequalityhaveagreaterdifference.
Manualtransmissionandsynchronizer
Manualtransmissionisthemostcommontransmission,orMT.Itsbasicstructuresumupinonesentence,isatwo-axleshaft,whereinputshaft,theshaftaxisandintermediateshaft,whichconstitutethemainbodyofthetransmissionand,ofcourse,aDaodangaxis.Manualtransmissionknownasmanualgeartransmission,whichcanbeintheaxialslidinggears,thegearsmeshingdifferentvariablespeedreachedtwistingpurpose.Typicalmanualtransmissionstructureandprinciplesareasfollows.
Inputshaftalsosaidthatthefirstaxis,anditsfront-endsplinedrivendirectlywiththeclutchdiscsetswiththespline,bythetransferoftorquefromtheengine.Thefirstaxisoftheintermediateshaftandgearsmeshinggearsoften,aslongastheshaftaxistoaturn,theintermediateshaftandgearalsowillberotating.Vicealsosaidintermediateshaftaxis,theaxis-evenmorethanthesizegear.Alsoknownasthesecondoutputshaftaxis,theaxisofvarioussetsofgearstallprogresscanbemanipulatedatanytimeintheroleofthedeviceandthecorrespondingintermediateshaftgearmeshing,thuschangingitsspeedandtorque.Withtheendoftheoutputshaftsplineassociatedwiththedriveshaftthroughthedriveshafttorquetransmittedtothedriveaxlereducer.
Thus,progressstallsdrivetransmissionpathis:
inputshaftgearoftenrodents-oftenrodentsintermediateshaftgear-correspondingintermediateshaftgear-thesecondaxiscorrespondinggear.Reversingthegearshaftcanbemanipulatedbythedevicepickintheaxismovement,andtheintermediateshaftandoutputshaftgearmeshinggears,tothecontrarytothedirectionofrotationoutput.
MostcarshavefivestallsandaDaodangforward,acertaindegreeofeachstalltransmissionratio,themajorityofstallstransmissionratiogreaterthan1,4filetransmissionratioof1,knownasdirectstalls,andtransmissionratioislessthan1No.5stallcalledacceleratedstall.Freeattheoutputshaftgearinapositionofnon-engagement,unacceptablepowertransmission.
Thetransmissioninputshaftandoutputshaftrotationalspeedtotheirown,transformastallwhenthereisa"synchronous".Twodifferentrotationalspeedgearmeshingforcewillimpactthecollisionoccurred,damagegear.Therefore,theoldtransmissionshifttoa"feet-off"approach,orstallonthelocationofthefreestayforawhilebystallsinthefreepositionrefuelingdoors,inordertoreducethespeeddifferentialgear.However,thisoperationisrelativelymorecomplicatedanddifficulttograspaccurate.Sodesignerscreatea"synchronized,"andallowssynchronizationthroughthemeshingofgearstobeconsistentspeedandsmoothmeshing.
AtpresentSynchronousTransmissionisbasedonthesynchronizationofinertia,mainlyfromjointsets,synchronouslockring,andsoon,itischaracterizedbyfrictionontheroleofsynchronization.SplicesetsGenlockengagementringgearandtheringgearwhenithadChamfer(Lockangle),Genlockwithintheconeringgearengagementwiththequestionofconeringgearcontactfriction.LockandconeanglehasbeenmadeinthedesignofanappropriatechoicetobemadefrictionconeoftheteethmeshingwiththeringgearquicklysetspaceatthesametimewillhaveaLockroleandtopreventthegearsmeshinginsyncbefore.Whensynchronizationlockconeringgearengagementwiththequestionofconeringgearaftercontactintheeffectsoffrictiontorquegearspeedquicklylower(orhigher)withthesamespeedsynchronouslockring,thetwosynchronousrotationofthegearGenlockCentralzerospeed,thusmomentofinertiaalsodisappear,theninforceundertheimpetusofengagementsetsunhinderedandsynchronizationlockringgearengagement,andfurtherengagementwiththequestionofgearengagementandthecompletionGearShiftProcess.
Theautomaticgear
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