高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习15及答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习15及答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习15及答案
2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习(15)及答案
阅读理解
Rememberhowgreatexercisewaswhenyouwerealittlekid?
Backthen,racingaroundtheplaygroundorskippingropeforhours,youweren’tthinkingfitness,youwerethinkingentertainment.Butinthisageofhigh-techhomeequipmentandunderusedgymmemberships,thesimplejoyofjumpingropehasbeenforgotten.Rediscoveringitwillgiveyouatotal-bodyexerciseyoucanfind.
Althoughconsideredanexcellentformofexercise,jumpingropehasnevergainedwidespreadacceptancebecauseoftwofundamentalreasons.First,mostpeoplerecognizejumpingropeasanexcellentformofcardiovascular(心血管的)exercise,buttheyalsobelievethatitissimplytoodifficult.Inotherwords,theydon’tthinkthey’llbeabletocontinuejumpingforthenear20minutesthatittakestoachieveabeneficialphysicaloutcome.Second,manyviewitassomewhatboringandoverlyrepetitive—notassomethingfunorenjoyable.
Asamatteroffact,jumpingropecanbegreatfunifyoufindaproperwaytopracticeit.Insteadofdoingtheusualtwo-footbounceoverandoveragain,peoplegoodatrope-jumpingoftenchangetheirpatternevery10or20jumps.Asinglebounce,adouble–bounce,askip,aknee-up,sideswings,aswellasavarietyofothereasy-to-learnfree-stylerope-jumping.
Nowresearchersarelearningthatjumpingropealsopreparesthebrainforlearning.Itisanexerciseallowingbothbrainhemispherestoperforminparalleltoeachoth
er.Inshort,jumpingropecanbealife-longactivityrequiringlittleequipment,timeandspace,yetleadingtoamuchhealthierlife.
44.Fromthefirstparagraphwelearnthat .
A.jumpingropehasfadedfrompeople’smemories
B.peoplenowhavemoreadvancedequipment
C.racingaroundtheplaygroundwaspreferred
D.peoplenowliketohaveexerciseinagym
45.Ropejumpinghasnotspreadwidelybecause .
A.itbenefitsthecardiovascularsystem B.itisneithereasynorenjoyable
C.itisconsideredboringandrepetitiveD.itrequireslittleequipment,timeandspace
46.Thefirstsentenceinthe3rdparagraphimplies .
A.thereisonlyoneproperwaytofollow B.theusualwayshouldnotbeused
C.t
heeasiestwayisalwaysthebest D.therearemanywaystofollow
47.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsropejumping?
A.Heisarguingagainstit. B.Heisinfavorofit.
C.Heissittingonthefenceofit. D.Heisnotclearaboutit.
参考答案44-47ABDB
C8[2013·湖北卷]E
AGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimisticabouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimistswhoexpectedtheirfuturetobeworse.
Thepaper,publishedthisMarchinPsychologyandAging,examinedhealthandwelfaresurveysfromroughly40,000Germansbetweenages18and96.Thesurveyswereconductedeveryyearfrom1993to2003.
Surveyrespondents(受访者)wereaskedtoestimatetheirpresentandfuturelifesatisfactiononascaleof0to10,amongotherquestions.
Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults(age18to39)routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddle-agedadults(age40to64)moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.Adultsof65andolder,however,werefarmorelikelytounderestimatetheirfuturelifesatisfaction.Notonlydidtheyfeelmoresatisfiedthantheythoughttheywould,theolderpessimistsseemedtosufferalowerratio(比率)ofdisabilityanddeathforthestudyperiod.
“Weobservedthatbeingtoooptimisticinpredictingabetterfuturethanactuallyobservedwasassociatedwithagreaterriskofdisabilityandagreaterriskofdeathwithinthefollowingdecade,”wroteFriederR.Lang,aprofessorattheUniversityofErlangen-Nuremberg.
Langandhiscolleaguesbelievedthatpeoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractionsthanpeoplewhoexpectedarosyfuture.
“Seeingadarkfuturemayencouragepositiveevaluationsoftheactualselfandmaycontributetotakingimprovedprecautions(预防措施),”theauthorswrote.
Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecli
ne.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.
Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.Illness,medicaltreatmentandpersonallosscouldalsohavedrivenhealthoutcomes.
However,theresearcherssaidapatternwasclear.“Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic,”theauthorsconcluded.
67.Accordingtothestudy,whomadethemostaccuratepredictionoftheirfuturelifesatisfaction?
A.Optimisticadults.
B.Middle-agedadults.
C.Adultsinpoorhealth.
D.Adultsoflowerincome.
68.Pessimismmaybepositiveinsomewaybecauseitcausespeople________.
A.tofullyenjoytheirpresentlife
B.
toestimatetheircontributionaccurately
C.totakemeasuresagainstpotentialrisks
D.tovaluehealthmorehighlythanwealth
69.Howdopeopleofhigherincomeseetheirfuture?
A.Theywillearnlessmoney.
B.Theywillbe
comepessimistic.
C.Theywillsuffermentalillness.
D.Theywillhavelesstimetoenjoylife.
70.Whatistheclearconclusionofthestudy?
A.Pessimismguaranteeschancesofsurvival.
B.Goodfinancialconditionleadstogoodhealth.
C.Medicaltreatmentdetermineshealthoutcomes.
D.Expectationsoffuturelifesatisfactiondeclinewithage.
【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文,主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。
在研究中,研究人员发现,年轻人对未来过于乐观,中年人对未来的预测很准确,而老年人相对低估。
随着年龄的增长,人们对未来的预测越来越现实。
67.B 细节理解题。
根据第四段中的“…whilemiddle-agedadults(age40to64)moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.”知,中年人对未来预测得更准确。
故B正确。
68.C 细节理解题。
根据第六段中的“…peoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractions…”知,对未来悲观的人可能在行动时更小心、更谨慎。
句中的bemorecarefulabout与takemeasuresagainstpotentialrisks一致。
故C正确。
69.A 细节理解题。
根据第八段中的“…respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewe
reassociatedwithexpectingagrea
terdecline.”知,身体好、收入高的人认为,他们的收入在未来将会下降,即挣的钱少了。
故A正确。
70.D 推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的内容可知,研究人员认为有一点很清楚:
从少年到成年,每个人都在调整自己对未来生活的满意度,从乐观,到适度到悲观。
故D正确。
阅读理解
"What’sinaname?
”AccordingtoShakespeare’sRomeoandJuliet,thereisnottoomuch.“Thatwhichwecallarosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet."ButShakespearemayhavebeenwrong.Inmostcultures,namesmatteragreatdeal.
Americanschoosenamesfortheirchildrenwithcare.Parentsusuallythinkabouttheimpressionanamegives,notitsmeaning.MostAmericanswouldconsidera“Jennifer”moreattractivethana“Bertha",forexample.Thelastname,or,surname,mustalsobeconsideredwhenchoosingafirstandmiddlename.AnamelikeLesterChesterHesterwouldsoundpoet
ic,butodd.Parentswouldavoidnamesthatremindthemofpeopletheydon’tlike.Ontheotherhand,peoplemightnametheirchildrenafterarespectedelderlyrelativeorevenafamousperson.Thepopularityofcertainnamescanchangewitheachnewgeneration.Namesthatwereoncecommon,likeFannyorElmer,soundold-fashionedtoday.Butothernames—likeJohnandDavid,MaryandSarah—havestoodthetestoftimeandcontinuetobefavorites.
PeopleinAmeicadon’talwayscalltheirfriendsandrelativesbytheirgivennames.Instead,theyoftenusenicknames.Sometimesnicknamesareshortformsofalongername.Forinstance,agirlnamedElizabethmaybecalledLisa,BethorBetsy.Aschildrengrowup,theymaydecideforthemselveswhichnicknametheywishtobecalled.
Somepeoplejustgobytheinitialsoftheirfirstandmiddlenames,likeB.J,orR.C.Andofcourse,peoplemaycalltheirchildrenortheirsweeth
eartsotherspecialnicknames.Oftentheyhavea“sweet”flavor,likeHoneyorSugar.What’sinaname?
Aworldofsignificance.Soifyou’rechoosinganEnglishnameforyourself,takecaretochooseagoodone.Amade—upnam
ecouldsoundstrangetonativeEnglishspeakers.AndatranslationofyourChinesenamemaynotmakeanappropriatename,either.Butagoodnamecanleaveapositiveandlastingimpression.AsanAmericanpoliticianoncesaid,“Inreallife,unlikeinShakespeare,thesweetnessoftherosedependsuponthenameitbears.”
48.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?
A.Peoplechangenamesinordertobepopularwiththenewgeneranon.
B.Nameswillchangebythemselvesinordertobepopular.
C.Somenamesmaynolongerbepopularamongthenewgeneration.
D.Nonamescanstandthetestoftime.
49.Whenchoosingnames,youshouldsticktothefollowingprinciplesEXCEPTthat
A.theimpressionanamegivesismoreimportantthanitsmeaning
B.youcannameafterawell-knownperson
C.surnameshouldbepaidattentionto
D.youcancreateanamethatisspecial
50.Theauthorwillnameanewlybornbabygirl________.
A.BerthaB.FannyC.YunyunD.Elizabeth
51.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.NameshavegreatsignificancetoAmericans.
B.Nameschangewhentimegoesby.
C.ChinesepeopleshouldbecarefulwhenchoosingtheirEnglishnames.
D.Rosessmellsweetbyanyothername.
参考答案48-51CDDA
阅读理解
ItisacommonfearamongusersofFacebookandothersocialmediaaroundtheworld—howtodealwithafriendrequestfromyourbossoremployee.
AsurveyreleasedonThursdayfoundthat56percentofAmericanssayitisirresponsibletobefriendswithabossand62percentsayitiswrongtobefriendswithanemployee.But76percentbelieveitisacceptabletobefriendswithaworkplacepeer,accordingtothesurveyof1,000peoplebyLibertyMutual’sResponsib
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