如何攻克GMAT逻辑boldface题型.docx
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如何攻克GMAT逻辑boldface题型.docx
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如何攻克GMAT逻辑boldface题型
逻辑Boldface练习题与方法总结
ByAnchoret
很多朋友提出由于手头上的复习资料大多为笔考材料,缺乏新题型的练习,特别是逻辑中的Boldface题,只有OfficialGuide中的205题这一题,由此我们就希望能为大家提供多些Boldface练习题。
感谢liu9903提供的这9道题目,真诚希望这些题目对即将考试的朋友能有所帮助。
另外还要感谢qxz9524为我们提供的一些关于作Boldface题的总结。
8/29/2003
欢迎转载,转载请于醒目位置注明来源于ChaseD。
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1.Modernnavigationsystems,whicharefoundinmostoftoday’scommercialaircraft,aremadewithlow-powercircuitry,whichismoresusceptibletointerferencethanthevacuum-tubecircuitryfoundinolderplanes.Duringlanding,navigationsystemsreceiveradiosignalsfromtheairporttoguidetheplanetotherunway.Recently,oneplanewithlow-powercircuitryveeredoffcourseduringlanding,itsdialsdimming,whenapassengerturnedonalaptopcomputer.Clearly,modernaircraftnavigationsystemsarebeingputatriskbytheelectronicdevicesthatpassengerscarryonboard,suchascassetteplayersandlaptopcomputers.E
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisaprinciplethattheargumentreliesonandthesecondisaconclusionthatcanbedrawnfromthefirst.
(B)Thefirstisafactthatargumentreliesonandthesecondisaconclusionthatmustbedrawnfromthisargument.
(C)Thefirstacknowledgesaconsiderationthatsupportsthatmainposition;thesecondisthatconclusion.
(D)Thefirstisanevidencethatsupportstheconclusion,thesecondisthatconclusion.
(E)Thefirstisaprinciplethatisnecessaryforthisargument,thesecondisaconclusionthatcouldbedrawnfromthisargument.
2.Adouble-blindstudy,inwhichneitherthepatientnortheprimaryresearcherknowswhetherthepatientisbeinggiventhedrugbeingtestedoraplacebo,isthemosteffectiveprocedurefortestingtheefficacyofadrug.Butwewillnotbeabletoperformsuchastudyonthisnewdrug,sincethedrugwillhavevariouseffectsonthepatients’bodies,whichwillmakeusawareofwhetherthepatientsaregettingthedrugoraplacebo.B
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisageneralconsiderationthatintroducestheargument;thesecondisaspecialsituationthatweighsagainstthefirst.
(B)Thefirstisageneralprinciplethatisnecessaryforthisargument;thesecondisananti-considerationthattheargumentincludes.
(C)Thefirstisapremisethatthisargumentincludes;thesecondisamainideathatcanbedrawnfromthisargument.
(D)Thefirstisanevidencethatthisargumentincludes;thesecondisaconclusionthatcannotbedrawnfromthisargument.
(E)Thefirstisageneralsituationthatsupportsthisargument;thesecondisaconclusionthatcanbedrawnfromaspecialfact.
3.Theinterstitialnucleus,asub-regionofthebrain’shypothalamus,istypicallysmallerformalecatsthanforfemalecats.AneurobiologistperformedautopsiesonmalecatswhodiedfromdiseaseX,adiseaseaffectingnomorethan0.5percentofmalecats,andfoundthatthesemalecatshadinterstitialnucleithatwereaslargeasthosegenerallyfoundinfemalecats.Thus,thesizeoftheinterstitialnucleusdetermineswhetherornotmalecatscancontractdiseaseX,but,thehypothalamusisknownnottobecausallylinkedtodiseaseY,anddiseaseXisasubtypeofdiseaseY.
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisafactinsupportoftheconsiderationthatisoneoftwopointsofthisargument;thesecondisthealternativepointthatweighsagainstthefirst.
(B)Thefirstisanevidencethatsupportstheconsiderationthattheargumentincludes;thesecondisthefactthatweighsagainstthatconsiderationthatcouldbedrawnfromthefirst.
(C)Thefirstisageneralprinciplethatisagainsttheconclusion;thesecondisthatconclusion.
(D)Thefirstisanevidencethatsupportstheconclusion;thesecondisanexceptionalexample.
(E)Thefirstisafactinsupportoftheconclusionthattheargumentdependson;thesecondisafactthatisagainstthefirstone.
4.Moreandmorecomputerprogramsthatprovidesolutionstomathematicalproblemsinengineeringarebeingproduced,anditisthusincreasinglyunnecessaryforpracticingengineerstohaveathoroughunderstandingoffundamentalmathematicalprinciples.Consequently,intrainingengineerswhowillworkinindustry,lessemphasisshouldbeplacedonmathematicalprinciples,sothatspaceintheengineeringcurriculumwillbeavailableforotherimportantsubjects.E
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisthesecond-premisethattheargumentincludes;thesecondistheconclusionthatcouldbedrawnfromthispassage.
(B)Thefirstisthefactthatisnecessaryforthisargument;thesecondistheconclusionthatmustbedrawnfromthispassage.
(C)Thefirstisthepartofpremisethattheargumentincludes;thesecondistheinferencethatcouldbedrawnfromthispassage.
(D)Thefirstisthepartofevidencethatsupportsthisargument;thesecondistheinferencethatcouldbedrawnfromthispassage.
(E)Thefirstisthefirstconclusioninthisargument;thesecondisthesecondconclusioninthisargument.
5.Gasoline-poweredboatenginesmanufacturedintheaNorthAmericancountrypriorto1990contributesignificantlytothepollutionfoundintheworld’soceans.In1990,however,thegovernmentimposedstricterpollutioncontrolsongasolineenginesmanufacturedforboats,andbeginningin1995,thegovernmentimposedaprogramofinspectionsforpre-1990boatengineswithincreasinglyrigorouspollutionstandards.Astheolderboatenginesfailtopassinspection,boatownersareincreasinglyretiringtheiroldenginesinfavorofnewer,less-pollutingboatengines.Asaresult,theamountofpollutiontheseolderboatenginesemitintotheworld’soceanswillsteadilydecreaseoverthenextenyears.
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisapatternofcauseandeffectthatactsasanevidenceinsupportofthisargument;thesecondistheconclusionthatcanbedrawnfromthisargument.
(B)Thefirstisafactthatactsasaprincipleinsupportofthisargument;thesecondistheconclusionthatmustbedrawnfromthisargument.
(C)Thefirstisapatternofcauseandeffectthatactsasanspecialevidenceinsupportoftheconclusion;thesecondisageneralpointthatcanbedrawnfromthisargument.
(D)Thefirstisapatternofcauseandeffectthatactsasthethirdevidenceinsupportoftheargument;thesecondisaconclusionthatmustbetrue.
(E)Thefirstisafinalevidenceinsupportoftheargument;thesecondisaconclusionthatcanbedrawnonlyfromthefirst.
6.Plantsthatexhibitcertainleafdiseasestendtomeasureextremelyhighintheamountofzincintheirleafandstemtissue.Botanistshavediscoveredthatphosphorusofthetypetypicallyusedinaphosphorus-highfertilizerreactswiththezincinsuchawayastopreventtreatedplantsfromexhibitingtheleafdiseases,andzincisthecauseandnotmerelyaneffectoftheleafdiseases.Thus,plantscanbecuredfromtheseleafdiseasesbytheuseofafertilizerhighinphosphorus.
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisthefirst-premisethattheargumentincludes;thesecondisthesecond-premisethatisinsupportofthisargument.
(B)Thefirstisthebackgroundthattheargumentincludes;thesecondisthepartofevidenceinsupportofthisargument.
(C)Thefirstisthefirst-premisethattheargumentincludes;thesecondistheconsiderationthatisinsupportofthefirst.
(D)Thefirstisthepremisethatsupportstheevidence;thesecondisthatevidence.
(E)Thefirstisthefirst-premisethattheargumentincludes;thesecondisthesecond-premisethatiscomplementarytootherevidence.
7.TobeacceptedasamemberattheBrownCountryClub,onemusthaveanetworthofovertenmilliondollarsandmustnothaveanyconnectionstotheentertainmentindustry.RobertChase,thepublishingmagnate,hasanetworthof5billiondollarsandchasehasnotfinancedanyHollywoodmovies,sohemustbeacceptedasamemberattheBrownCountryClub.A
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisthepartofevidenceinsupportofthisargument;thesecondistheconclusionthatcouldnotbedrawnfromallevidencethattheargumentcontains.
(B)Thefirstisthefirst-evidencethatsupportsthisargument;thesecondisthemainpointthatmustbedrawnfromallevidencethattheargumentincludes.
(C)Thefirstistheonefactoftwothatargumentincludes;thesecondistheconclusionthatcouldbedrawnfromthispassage.
(D)Thefirstisthebackgroundthatisnecessaryforthisargument;thesecondistheconclusionthatisnotdrawnonlyfromthefirst.
(E)Thefirstisthecausethattheargumentincludes;thesecondistheeffectthatcanbedrawnonlyfromthiscause.
8.Thesurvivalofthepublishingindustrydependsupontheexistenceofapublicwhowillbuytheprintedwordintheformofnewspapers,booksandmagazines.Overthepastseveralyears,however,theadvanceofelectronicmedia,particularlyCD-ROMs,onlinecomputerservices,andtheInternet,hasmade9informationavailabletothepublicelectronicallywithouttheneedforprintedmaterials.Astheavailabilityofelectronicmediaincreasesandasitismoreeasilyaccessible,thepublichaslessneedforprintedmaterials.Sothepublishingindustryisthreatenedbytheadvanceofthecomputerinformationage.D
Thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?
(A)Thefirstisthepartofevidencethattheargument
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