高考英语阅读理解专题练习与答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解专题练习与答案.docx

《高考英语阅读理解专题练习与答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语阅读理解专题练习与答案.docx（25页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高考英语阅读理解专题练习与答案

高考英语阅读理解专题练习与答案

　　高考英语阅读理解专题练习-主旨大意题

　　Readingcomprehension---Mainidea

　　1.Theeasywayoutisn’talwayseasiest.IlearnedthatlessonwhenIdecidedtotreatDoug,myhusbandofonemonth,toaspecialmeal.Iglancedthroughmycookbookandchoseamenuwhichincludedhomemadebread.Knowingthebreadwouldtaketine,IstartedonitassoonasDougleftforwork.AsIwasnotexperiencedincooking,Ithoughtifadozenwasgood,twodozenwouldbebetter,soIdoubledeverything.AsDouglovedoranges,Ialsoopenedacanoforangeandpoureditallintothebowl.Soontherewasastickydough（面团）coveredwithuglyyellowishmarks.RealizingIhadbeendefeated,IputthedoughintherubbishbinoutsidesoIwouldn’thavetofaceDouglaughingatmywork.Iwentonpreparingtherestifthemeal,and,whenDouggothome,wesatdowntoCornishchickenwithrice.Hetriedtoenjoythemealbutseemeddisturbed.Twicehegotupandwentoutside,sayinghethoughtheheardanoise.Thethirdtimeheleft,Iwenttothewindowtoseewhathewasdoing.Lookingout,IsawDougstandingaboutthreefeetfromtherubbishbin,holdingthelidupwithastickandlookingintothecontainer.WhenIcameoutofthehouse,hedroppedthestickandexplainedthattherewassomethingaliveinourrubbishbin.Pickingupthestickagain,heheldthelidupenoughformetosee.Ifeltcold.ButIsteppedcloseandlookedharder.Withoutdoubtitwasmywork.Thehotsunhadcausedthesoughtodoughtodoubleinsizeandthefermentingyeast（酵母）madethesurfaceshakeandsighasthoughtitwerebreathing.Itlookedlikesomeunknownbeingfromouterspace.IcouldseewhyDougwasshaken.Ihadtoadmitwhatthe“livingthing”wasandwhyitwasthere.Idon’tknowwhowasmoreembarrassed（尴尬）bythewholething–Dougorme.

　　Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis___________

　　a.totellaninterestingexperience.

　　b.Toshowtheeasiestwayoutofadifficulty.

　　c.Todescribethetroublefacinganewlymarriedwoman

　　d.Toexplainthedifficultyoflearningtocookfrombooks

　　2Decisionthinkingisnotunlikepoker---itoftenmattersnotonlywhatyouthink,butalsowhatothersthinkyouthinkandwhatyouthinktheythinkyouthink.Thementalprocess（）issimilar.Naturally,thiscardgamehasoftenbeenofconsiderableinteresttopeoplewhoare,byanystandards,goodthinkers.

　　ThegreatmathematicianJohnvonNeumannwasoneofthefoundersofgametheory.Inparticular,heshowedthatallgamesof“perfectinformation”,gameslikechesswheretheplayerscan’thideanythingorplaytricks;theydon’twinbychance,butbymeansoflogicandskills.Thentherearegamesof“imperfectinformation”,likepoker,inwhichitisimpossibletoknowinadvancethatonecourseofactionisbetterthananother.

　　Onemistakenideaaboutbusinessisthatitcanbetreatedasagameofperfectinformation.Quitthereverse.Business,politics,lifeitselfaregameswhichwemustnormallyplaywithveryimperfectinformation.Businessdecisionsareoftenmadewithmanyunknownandunknowablefactorswhichwouldevenpuzzlebestpokerplayers.Butfewbusinesspeoplefinditcomfortabletoadmitthattheyaretakingachance,andmanystillprefertobelievethattheyareplayingchess,notpoker.

　　Thesubjectdiscussedinthistextis_____

　　a.theprocessofreachingdecisionb.thedifferencebetweenpokerandchess

　　c.thesecretofmakinggoodbusinessplansd.thevalueofinformationinwinninggames

　　3.Mostpeoplefeellonelysometimes,butitusuallyonlylastsbetweenafewminutesandafewhours.Thiskindoflonelinessisnotserious,Infact,itisquitenormal.Forsomepeople,though,lonelinesscanlastforyears.Nowresearcherssaytherearethreedifferenttypesofloneliness.

　　Thefirstkindoflonelinessistemporary（暂时的）.Thisisthemostcommontype.Itusuallydisappearsquicklyanddoesnotrequireanyspecialattention.Thesecondkind,situationalloneliness,isanaturalresultofaparticularsituation—forexampleafamilyproblem,thedeathofalovesone,ormovingtoanewplace.Althoughthiskindoflonelinesscancausephysicalproblems,suchasheadachesandsleeplessness,itusuallydoesnotlastformorethanayear.

　　Thethirdkindoflonelinessisthemostsevere.Unlikethesecondtype,chronic（长期的）lonelinessusuallylastsmorethantwoyearsandhasnospecificcause.Peoplewhoexperiencehabituallonelinesshaveproblemssocializingandbecomingclosetoothers.Unfortunately,manychronicallylonelypeoplethinkthereislittleornothingtheycandotoimprovetheircondition.

　　Psychologistsagreethatoneimportantfactorinlonelinessisaperson’ssocialcontacts,friends,familymembers,co-workers,etc.Wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons.Forinstance,ourfamiliesgiveusemotionalsupport,ourparentssharesimilarinterestsandactivities.However,psychologistshavefoundthat,thoughlonelypeoplemayhavemanysocialcontacts,theysometimesfeeltheyshouldhavemore.Theyquestiontheirownpopularity.

　　Psychologistsaretryingtofindwaystohelphabituallylonelypeoplefortworeasons:

theyareunhappyandunabletosocializeandthereisaconnectionbetweenchroniclonelinessandseriousillnesssuchasheartdisease.Whiletemporaryandsituationallonelinesscanbeanormal,healthypartoflife,chroniclonelinesscanbeaverysad,andsometimesdangerouscondition.Thetopicofthe4thparagraphisthat_________.

　　a.oneproblemoflonelinessisaperson’ssocialcontacts

　　b.wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons

　　c.lonelypeopledon’thavemanysocialproblems

　　d.lonelypeopledon’thavemanyfriendsWhatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

　　a.ThreeKindsofLoneliness.b.:

LonelinessandDiseases

　　c.LonelinessandSocialContactsd.ChronicLoneliness.

　　4．Excusedfromrecyclingbecauseyouliveinahighrisewitharubbishchute（垃圾道）?

Youwon’tbeforlong.Miami’sMarkShantzishasmadeitsimpleforthoselivingintallbuildingstousethechuteandcycle,too.

　　InShantzis’Hi-RiseRecyclingsystem,achuteleadstoapip-shapedcontainerwithsixboxesthatcanturnaroundwhenoperated.Thesystem,whichfitsinthesamespaceasthechuteandcontainernowinuse,enables,glass,plastics,paper,metal,andotherrubbishtogointoseparateboxes.

　　Thesystemiscontrolledfromaboardfoxednexttothechutedoor.Theboardhasabuttonforeachclassofrecyclingmaterials.Atthepressofabutton,amicrocomputerlocksallotherfloors’chutedoorsandsetstherecyclingcontainerturninguntiltherightboxcomesunderthechute.Thecomputeralsocountstheloadsandgivesasignalbyphonewhentheboxisfull.Andaparticularpieceofequipmentbreaksupthenorecyclables.

　　Sorting（分类）recyclablesbeforetheyarecollectedsavestheuseofexpensivematerialsrecoveryequipmentwhichotherwisehastodothesorting.Suchequipmentoftenmakesrecycledmaterialsveryexpensive,soexpensivethattonesofrecyclablesremainwasted.Shantzisbelieveshissystemcouldhelprecycledmaterialsbecomemorecost-effective.（NMET2000年E）

　　Thepurposeinwritingthistextis_________.

　　Atoencouragepeopletorecycletheirrubbish.

　　B.tointroducearecyclingsystemforhighrises

　　Ctodescribetheuseofcomputertechnologyinrecycling

　　Dtoexplaintheneedforrubbishcollectioninhighrise

　　5Manycitiesaroundtheworldtodayareheavilypolluted.Carelessmethodsofproductionandlackofconsumerdemandforenvironmentfriendlyproductshavecontributedtothepollutionproblem.Oneresultisthatmillionsoftonsofglass,paper,plastics,andthesearedifficulttogetridof.

　　However,today,moreandmoreconsumersarechoosing“green”anddemandingthattheproductstheybuyshouldbesafefortheenvironment.Beforetheybuyaproduct,theyaskquestionslikethese,“Willthisshampoodamagetheenvironment?

”“Canthismetalcontainerbereusedorcanitonlybeusedonce?

”

　　Arecentstudyshowedthattwooutoffiveadultsnowconsidertheenvironmentalsafetyofaproductbeforetheybuyit,thismeansthatcompaniesmustnowchangedthewaytheymakeandselltheirproductstomakesurethattheyare“green”,thatis,friendlytotheenvironment.

　　Onlyafewyearsago,itwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinsupermarkets,butnowtherearehundreds.Somesupermarketproductscarrylabels（标签）toshowthattheproductisgreen.Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturing（生产）ofcleanandsafeproductstheirmainsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.

　　Theconcernforasaferandcleanerenvironmentismakingcompaniesrethinkhowtheydobusiness.Nolongerwillthepubicaccepttheoldattitudeof“buyit,useit,throwitaway,andforgetit.”Thepublicpressureison,andgraduallybusinessiscleaningupitsact.

　　NMET2001C

　　Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

　　a.BusinessandPeopleb.BusinessGoesGreen

　　c.ShoppingHabitsAreChangingd.SupermarketsandGreenProducts

　　6IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare,”“SamuelJohnson,”and“Webster”,butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn’tevenspeakEnglish----WilliamtheConqueror.

　　Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionlivedtheWelsh,whospokeaCelticlanguage,andinthenorthlivedtheScots,whoselanguage,thoughnotthesameasWelsh,wasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons,actuallyamixtureofAnglos,Saxons,ando