4一对一辅导讲义.docx
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4一对一辅导讲义.docx
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4一对一辅导讲义
一对一辅导讲义(4)
一.复习定语从句
二.学习被动语态
1.主动语态和被动语态
英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如:
Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.(主动语态)
ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.(被动语态)
Thelocalnewspaperinterviewedhim.(主动语态)
Hewasinterviewedbythelocalnewspaper.(被动语态)
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
3.含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
如:
Thetreesmaybeplantedinspring.
Theroommustbekeptclean.
Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.
4)被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需要强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
如:
EnglishisspokeninCanada.
三.被动语态练习题
()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.
A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfounded
()2English____inCanada.
A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken
()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung
()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade
()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused
()6.Ourroommust___clean.
A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep
()7.Theflowers___often.
A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater
()8.Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.
A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended
()9.Tea___inthesouthofChina.
A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow
()10.Thebridges___twoyearsago.
A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt
四.完形填空
MrWhiteworksinanoffice.Helikedreadinginbedwhenhewasatschool.Itwasbadforhis_1__andnowhehasnearsight.Buthewouldn’twant2toknowaboutitandheneverwearsapairofglasses.Itoften3himsometrouble.
Onewintermorninghewassenttoavillageschoolonbusiness.He4abusatastopinasmalltown.Thenhehadtowalkthere.Theroadtothevillagewasn’tsmooth(平坦).Hefelloversometimesandit5hisclothesdirty.6hegottothevillage.Suddenlyitbegantoblow(刮风)anditgotcolder.Hewaslookingfortheschoolwhilehis7wasblownoff.Hebegantoranafteritbuthecouldn’tgetit.Hecouldn’tunderstandwhyhishatranintoahouseasif(好象)ithad8.Andheranintothehouse,9.Awomanstoppedhimandshoutedangirly,”10areyourunningaftermyhenfor?
”
1.A.earsB.noseC.mouthD.eyes.
2.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.womanD.somebody
3.A.followsB.takesC.bringsD.carries
4.A.tookoffB.gotoffC.gotonD.cameon
5.A.letB.madeC.gaveD.felt
6.A.AtfirstB.AthomeC.AttimesD.Atlast
7.A.clothesB.bagC.hatD.glasses
8.A.legsB.handsC.shoesD.arms
9.A.alwaysB.alsoC.eitherD.too
10A.WhatB.WhyC.WhichD.Who
五.阅读理解(A)
ThomasEdisonwasafamousAmericanscientist.Hewasbornin1847.Whenhewasachild,helikedtofindouthowthingsworked.Hewasinschoolforonlythreemonths.Heaskedhisteacheralotofstrangequestions.Mostofthemhadnothingtodowithhislesson.Theteacherthoughttheboywasnotbrightandwasnotworth(值得)teaching.WhenhetoldthistoEdison’smother,shetookhersonoutofschool.Asshewasateacher,shetaughthimherself.Theboyreadalot.Soonhebecameveryinterestedinscience.Attheageoften,Edisonhadalreadybulitachemistrylabforhimself.Eversincethen,heneverstoppedsearchingfornewandbetterwaystodothings.
1.Edisonwasborninthe___centuy(世纪)
A.eighteenthB.nineteenthC.nineteenD.eighteen
2.Whilehewasinschool,Edison____
A.studiedhislessonsveryhardB.wasoftenlateforschool
B.likedtoaskquestions.D.wasnotbrightenoughtostudy.
3.Ediosnlearnedmorefrom___
A.hismother.B.histeacherC.otherboys.D.hisfather.
4.YoungEdisonwasinterestedin___
A.sportsB.playingC.makingtrouble.D.science
5.Hewasalwayssearchingfornewandbetterwaystodothingsafterhe____
A.readbooks.B.finishedschool.C.builtalab.Dwastakenoutofschool.
(B)
DearDanny,
IamveryupsetandIneedsomehelp.YouknowIwillfinishcollegesoon,andIhavetodecideaboutmyfuture.IlikethecomputerandIreallywanttoworkonit.
LastSundayIaskedmyfamilyforsomeadvice.Theyhadquitedifferentideasaboutmyfuture!
MyfathersaidIshouldgotouniversityandstudycomputerengineering.MymotherthoughtIshouldgetajobasacomputersalesperson,soIcouldmakealotofmoney.Mybrotherwantedtostartawebsitedesigncompanywithme.Mysisterdidpoorlyincomputerscienceandshewantedmetoteachherinherschool.Myuncleranafamouscomputercompany.HehopedIcouldjoinhescompany.Asyousee,itisverydifficultformetodecidewhichoneisthebest.Whatdoyouthink?
Writetomesoon.
Yours,
Robin
根据短文内容完成下列表格。
Person
Advice
Father
Youshouldstudycomputerengineeringina__31____
Mother
Youshouldbeacomputer__32___tomakelotsofmoney.
Brother
Let’s__33___acompanytogether.
Uncle
Youcould_34____inmycompany.
Sister
Youcouldteachcomputer__35__inmyschool.
31_________________________________________
32._______________________________________
33.___________________________________________
34._________________________________________
35.________________________________________
六.阶段测验
1)单选.
1.--CanItalktoyouforaminute,Lucy?
---Sorry,Ihave___timenow.
A.afew.B.littleC.fewD.alittle.
2.Helikesthesamecolor__Ido.
A.asB.withC.than.D.to.
3.___March28,about20Chinesecitiesturnedofflightsofmajorbuildingforonehour.
A.AtB.InC.OnD.Of
4.Pleasepassmetwo___
A.piecesofpaper.B.pieceofpapersC.piecespaper.D.piecepapers.
5.Ifyouhurryup(赶快),wewill___gettoschoolontime.
A.can.Bbeableto.Careableto.D.could
6.–Whyareyouinsuchahurry,Mike?
---There__anNBAbasketballgameintenminutes.
A.isgoingtohaveB.aregoingtobe.C.willhave.D.willbe
7.Nobodyknows__toworkyesterday.
A.whydidn’thego.B.whyhedidn’tgoC.whywon’thego
D.whyhewon’tgo.
8.—Couldyoutellme___?
__Heisinthelibrary.
A.whereSimonwasB.whereisSimonC.wherewasSimon.
D.whereSimonis.
9.Thegirl__wonthegoldmedalcomesfromBeiingSunshineSecondarySchool.
A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom
10.Doyoulikemusic___makesyourelaxed?
AwhoseB.whatC.whoD.that
2)完形填空
Astorytellsthattwofriendswalkingthroughthedesert(沙漠).Duringthetriptheyhada_1__,andonefriendhittheotherintheface.Theonewhowasbeaten(被打)washurt,butwithoutsaying_2_,hewroteinthesand,“Todaymybestfriendhitmeintheface.”
They_3_onwalkinguntiltheyfoundalake,wheretheydecidedtotakeabath.Theone,whohadbeenbeaten,fellintothelakeandstarteddrowning(溺水),butthefriendsavedhim.Afterhecamebacktolifefromtheneardrowning,hewroteona_4_,“Todaymybestfriendsavedmylife.”
Thefriendwhohadhitand_5__hisbestfriendasked,“_6_Ihurtyou,youwroteinthesandandnowyouwroteonastone,why?
”Theotherfriend_7_“Whensomeonehurtsus,weshouldwriteitdowninsand_8__windcanblowitaway._9_,whensomeonedoessomethinggoodforus,wemustwriteitdowninstonewhereno10__caneverblowitaway.
1.A.talkB.jokeC.fightD.picnic.
2.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything
3.AkeptB.continuedC.lastedD.tried.
4.A.sand,B.stoneC.treeD.wall
5.A.killedB.hurtC.savedD.made.
6.A.BeforeB.WhileC.UntilD.After.
7.A.repliedB.askedC.questionedD.required
8.AwhichB.howC.whereD.when
9.A.AthoughB.OrC.ButD.when
10.A.windB.waterC.airD.sand
3)阅读理解
Atpresenttherearesomerobotsallaroundus.Somecandodifficultjobslikeflyingplanes,drivingsubwaytrainsandsomedoeasyjobs.
Whenanautomatic(自动的)washingmachineisturnedon,watergoesin.Themachinewaitsuntilthewaterisenoughbeforewashingtheclothes,Itdoesthisby“feedback(反馈)”,Informationaboutwhat’shappeningisfedbackintotherobotstotelliswhattodonext.
Oureyes,earsandothersenses(感官)areourfeedback.Theycantelluswhat’shappeningaroundus,sorobotsarelikepeopleinsomeways.Theyworkandtheyhavefeedback.Butveryfewrobotslooklikepeople.Manyofthemarehidden(藏)awayinthemachines.Forexampl,wecansetthecontrolstothetemperaturewewant,andthewashingmachinedoesthebest.Itsfeedbackusuallycomesfromathermostat(自动调温器).Onekindofthermostatisastrip(长条)ofmetal(金属),whichbends(弯曲)whenitgetshot.Attherighttemperature,itbendsjustenoughtoworkaswitch(开关).Thisturnsofftheheat.Astheairarounditgetscool,themetalgetsstraight,andthisturnsheatonagain.
根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)
()1.Somerobotsarearoundusinourdailylife.
()2.Allrobotshavetheirfeedback,suchaseyes,ears.
()3.Therobotsinanautomaticwashingmachinecantellwhattodoonebyone,accordingto(根据)the“feedback”intormation.
()4.Wecanseerobotsoneverymachine.
()5.Thethermostatgetscoolwhenthestripofmetalbends.
参考答案:
单选BDDDC,BBDBC
完形:
DACBB,DCADA
阅读:
BCADC
31university32saleperson33.start34.work/join35.science
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