高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练10.docx
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高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练10.docx
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高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练10
2020高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练(10)
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Allovertheworld,librarieshavebeguntheHerculeantaskofm
akingfaithfuldigitalcopiesofthebooks,imagesandrecordingsthatpreservetheintellectualeffortofhumankind.Forarmchairscholars,theworkpromisestobringsuchawealthofinformationtothedesktopthatthepresentInternetmayseemamateurishinretrospect.…
Librariansseethreeclearbenefitstogoingdigital.First,ithelpsthempreserverareandfragileobjectswithoutdenyingaccesstothosewhowishtostudythem.TheBritishLibrary,forexample,holdstheonlymedievalmanuscriptofBeowulfinLondon.OnlyqualifiedscholarswereallowedtoseeituntilKevinS.KiernanoftheUniversityofKentuckyscannedthemanuscriptwiththreedifferentlightsources(revealingdetailnotnormallyapparenttothenakedeye)andputtheimagesupontheInternetforanyonetoperuse(阅览).Tokyo’sNationalDietLibraryissimilarlycreatinghighlydetaileddigitalphotographsof1,236woodblockprints,scrollsandothermaterialsitconsidersnationaltreasuressothatresearcherscanscrutinizethemwithouthandlingtheoriginals.
Asecondbenefitisconvenience.Oncebooksareconvertedtodigitalform,patronscanretrievetheminsecondsratherthanminutes.Severalpeoplecansimultaneouslyreadthesamebookorviewthesamepicture.Clerksaresparedthechoreofreshelving.AndlibrariescouldconceivablyusetheInternettolandtheirvirtualcollectionstothosewhoareunabletovisitinperson.
Thethirdadvantageofelectroniccopiesisthattheyoccupymillimetersofspaceonamagneticdiskratherthanmetersonashelf.Expandinglibrarybuildingsisincreasinglycostly.TheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleyrecentlyspent$46milliononanundergroundadditiontohouse1.5millionbooks–anaveragecostof$30pervolume.Thepriceofdiskstorage,incontrast,hasfallentoabout$2per300-pagepublicationandcontinuestodrop.
1. Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe__________.
A.ThreeBenefitsofLibrariesB.LibrariesGoingDigital
C.Space-savingE-learningD.SecurityofElectronicReading
66. Whichparagraph(s)inthetextoffer(s)furtherexplanationofthecentralidea?
A.Paragraphs2,3and4 B.Paragraphs3and4
C.Paragraphs2and4 D.Paragraph4
3. WhichoneofthefollowingismentionedastheadvantagesofE-libraries?
A.Oldmanuscriptscanbemovedmoreeasily
B.Materialscanbeexaminedwithoutbeingtouched
C.Fewerstaffwillberequiredinlibraries
D.Librarieswillbeabletomoveunderground
4. Whatdoestheword‘scrutinize’probablymean?
A.keepforawhile B.reprint C.restore D.examinecarefully
【参考答案】1—4、BACD
阅读理解。
AnideathatstartedinSeattle'spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple:
helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametome.
Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit(追求)tobeenjoyedbyall,theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus,aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched(发起)the"IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook"projectin1998.Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits,studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook,buttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancities,andeventoHongKong.
InChicago,themayor(市长)appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookinthe"OneBook,OneChicago"program.Asaresult,readingclubsandneighbourhoodgroupsspranguparoundthecity.AcrosstheUS,storiesemergedofparentsandchildrenreadingtoeachotheratnightandstrangerschattingawayonthebusaboutplotandcharacter.
TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthatth
eideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity(一致)canbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint,puttingalltheirenergy
Andpassioni
ntothechoiceofthebookratherthandiscussionaboutabookitself.
UltinatelwasNancypointsout,thelevelofsuccessisnotmeasuredbyhowmanypeoplereadabook,butbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess.orhaveenjoyedspeakingtosomeonewithwhomtheywouldnototherwisehavesharedaword.
()1.WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectlaunchedbyNancy?
A.Toinviteauthorstoguidereaders.
B.Toencouragepeopletoread
andshare.
C.Toinvolvep
eopleincommunityservice.
D.Topromotethefriendshipbetweencities.
()2.WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheproject?
A.Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.
B.Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.
C.Theycamefrommanydifferentbackgrounds
D.Theylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernment
()3.Accordingtothepassage,wherewouldtheprojectbemoreeasilycarriedout?
A.Inlargecommu
nitieswithlittlesenseofunity
B.Inlargecitieswherelibrariesarefarfromhome
C.Inmedium-sizedcitieswithadiversepopulation
D.Inlargetownswhereagreementcanbequicklyreached
()4.Theunderlinedwords“sharedaword”inParagraph5pro
bablymean
A.exchangedideaswitheachother
B.discussedthemeaningofaword
C.gamedlifeexperience
D.usedthesamelanguage
()5.AccordingtoNacy,thedegreeofstudentsoftheprojectisjudgedby
A.thecarefulselectionofaproperbook
B.thegrowingpopularityofthewriters
C.thenumberofpeoplewhobenefitfromreading.
D.thenumberofbooksthateachpersonreads.
【文章大意】文章鼓励人们互相分享阅读的想法,并享受分享阅读的过程。
1.B细节理解题。
定位关键词projectlaunched。
根据文章第二段的aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.和wholaunched(发起)the"IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook可知答案为B。
2.C细节理解题。
根据文章第四段Theonlypro
blemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.唯一的问题也就产生了纽约,在那里,当地读者不能决定一本书代表巨大而多样化的人口。
选C。
3.D细节理解题。
根据文章第四段Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity(一致)canbeachieved.可知答案。
4.A词义猜测题。
从上文阅读不仅要互相分享阅读的想法,还要享受分享阅读的过程。
由otherwise可以看出sharedaword是指前者,互相分享阅读的想法。
5.C主旨大意题。
文章鼓励人们互相分享阅读的想法,并享受分享阅读的过程。
【科普知识型---阅读理解】
Theforces
thatmakeJapanoneoftheworld'smostearthquakeprone(有地震倾向的)countriescouldbecomepartofitslongtermenergysolution.
WaterfromdeepbelowthegroundatJapan'stensofthousandsofhotspringscouldbeusedtoproduceelectricity.
AlthoughJapanesehightechcompaniesareleadersingeothermal(地热的)technologyandexportit,itsuseislimitedinthenation.
“Japanshouldnodoubtmakeuseofitsresourcesofgeothermalenergy,”saidYoshiyasuTakefuji,aleadingresearcherofthermalelectricpowerproduction.
ThedisastrousearthquakeandtsunamionMarch11,2011causedareactionagainstatomicpower,whichpreviouslymadeup30percentofJapan'senergyneeds,andincreasedinterestinalternativeenergies,whichaccountforonly8percent.
ArtistYokoOnohascalledonJapantoexploreitsnaturalenergy,followingtheexampleofIcelandwhichusesrenewableenergyformorethan80perc
entofitsneeds.
Fornow,geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan,whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandatomicpower.
Thebiggestproblemtogeothermalenergyisthehighinitialcostoftheexplorationandconstructingthefactories.AnotherproblemisthatJapan'spotentiallybestsitesarealreadybeingdevelopedfortourismorarelocatedwithinnationalparkswhereconstructionisforbidden.
“Wecan'tevendig10cminsidenationalparks,”saidShigetoYamadaofFujiElectric,addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow.
ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid,“Produc
ingelectricitybyusinghotspringsisadecadeslongproject.Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm.”
TheEarthPolicyInstituteinWashington,theUS,believedJapancouldproduce80,000megawatts(兆瓦)andmeetmorethanhalfitselectricityneedswithgeothermaltechnology.
JapanesegiantssuchasToshibaarealreadygloballeadersingeothermaltechnology,witha70percentmarketshare.In2010,FujiElectricbuilttheworld'slargestgeothermalfactoryinNewZealand.
1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.AlternativeenergiesinJapan
B.Theworld'slargestgeothermalplant
C.Japantakestheleadingeothermaltechnology
D.Japanthinksofgeothermalenergy
2.WhatpercentageofJapan'senergyneedsisgeothermalenergy?
A.About8%.B.Below1%.C.Around30%.D.Over80%.
3.AccordingtoShigetoYamada,thegrowthofgeothermalpowerinJapanneeds________.
A.achangeofrulesB.financialsupport
C.localpeople'shelpD.hightechnology
4.Geothermalenergyisconsideredasalongtermprogramby________.
A.YoshiyasuTakefujiB.HideakiMatsui
C.ShigetoYamadaD.YokoOno
5.Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.
A.theworld'sbiggestgeothermalplantwasbuiltbyAmerica
B.Japanwillnotexportitsgeothermaltechnology
C.thepotentialofJapan'sgeothermalenergyisgreat
D.itishardtofindgeothermalenergyinJapan
【要点综述】文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能。
因为日本是地震多发国家,国家地热能非常丰富,所以地热能将是日本的新型替代能源。
1.D 主旨大意题。
文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能,围绕地热能的话题展开。
故选D项。
2.B 细节理解题。
从第七段“Fornow,geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan,whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandat
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