专升本阅读理解经典例题解析doc.docx

专升本阅读理解经典例题解析doc.docx

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专升本阅读理解经典例题解析doc

第四部分阅读理解

第一篇

"Cleanyourplate!

"and"Beamemberoftheclean-plateclubs!

"JustabouteverykidintheUShasheardthisfromaparentorgrandparent.Often,it'saccompaniedbyanappeal:

"JustthinkaboutthosestarvingorphansinAfrica!

”Sure,weshouldbegratefulforeverybiteoffood.Unfortunately,manypeopleintheUStaketoomanybites3.Insteadofstaying"cleantheplate",perhapsweshouldsavesomefoodfortomorrow.

Accordingtonewsreports,USrestaurantsarepartlytoblameforthegrowingbellies.Awaiterputsaplateoffoodinfrontofeachcustomer,withtwotofourtimestheamountrecommendedbythegovernment,accordingtoaUSATodaystory.Americanstraditionallyassociatequantitywithvalueandmostrestaurantstrytogivethemthat.Theyprefertohavecustomerscomplainabouttoomuchfoodratherthantoolittle.

BarbaraRolls,anutritionprofessoratPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,toldUSATodaythatrestaurantportionsizesbegantogrowinthe1970s,thesametimethattheAmericanwaistlinebegantoexpand.

Healthexpertshavetriedtogetmanyrestaurantstoservesmallerportions.Now,apparently,somecustomersarecallingforthistoo.TherestaurantindustrytrademagazineQSRreportedlastmonththat57percentofmorethan4,000peoplesurveyedbelieverestaurantsserveportionsthataretoolarge;23percenthadnoopinion;20percentdisagreed.ButacloserlookatthesurveyindicatesthatmanyAmericanswhocan'taffordfinediningstillpreferlargeportions.Seventypercentofthoseearningatleast$150,000peryearprefersmallerportions;butonly45percentofthoseearninglessthan$25,000wantsmaller.

It'snotthatworkingclassAmericansdon'twanttoeathealthy.It'sjustthat,afterlonghoursatlow-payingjobs,gettinglessontheirplatehardlyseemslikeagooddeal.Theylivefrompaychecktopaycheck,happyt9savealittlemoneyfornextyear'sChristmaspresents.

注释：

1.Beamemberoftheclean-plateclub!

做清盘俱乐部的成员

2.JustthinkaboutthosestarvingorphansinAfrica!

只要想想在非洲挨饿的孤儿们！

3.taketoomanybites吃得太多

4.Awaiterputsaplateoffoodinfrontofeachcustomer,withtwotofourtimestheamountrecommendedbythegovernment,accordingtoaUSATodaystory.根据《今日美国》干刊登的一

个故事，服务员给每个顾客一盘饭菜，其量是政府推荐的二至四倍。

5.It'sjustthat,afterlonghoursatlow-payingjobs,gettinglessontheirplatehardlyseemslikeagooddeal.事情是这样的，美国工人觉得做许多个小时低收入的工种下来，盘子

1.ParentsintheUnitedStatestendtoasktheirchildren

A）tosavefood.

B）towashthedishes.

C）nottowastefood.

D）nottoeattoomuch.

2.WhydoAmericanrestaurantsservelargeportions?

A）BecauseAmericansassociatequantitywithvalue.

B）BecauseAmericanshavebigbellies.

C）BecauseAmericansaregoodeaters.

D）BecauseAmericansaregreedy.

3.Whathappenedinthe1970s?

A）TheUSgovernmentrecommendedtheamountoffoodarestaurantgavetoacustomer.

B）Healthexpertspersuadedrestaurantstoservesmallerportions.

C）TheUnitedStatesproducedmoregrainthanneeded.

D）TheAmericanwaistlinestartedtoexpand.

4.Whatdoesthesurveyindicate?

A）ManypoorAmericanswantlargeportions:

B）TwentypercentAmericanswantsmallerportions.

C）FiftysevenpercentAmericansearn$150,000peryear.

D）TwentythreepercentAmericansearnlessthan$25,000peryear.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueofworkingclassAmericans?

A）Theyworklonghours.

B）Theylivefrompaychecktopaycheck.

C）Theydon'twanttobehealthyeaters.

D）Theywanttosavemoneyfortheirchildren.

【Key:

CADAC】

第-二二篇

IfthereisonegroupofworkersacrosstheWesternworldwhowillbegladthatChristmasisover,thatgroupisshopworkers.

Itisnotthattheyliketocomplain.TheyrealizethattheyaregoingtoberushedofftheirfeetatChristmas.Theyknowthattheiremployersneedhappycustomerstomaketheirprofitsthatpaytheirwages.ButthereisonethingaboutworkinginashopoverChristmasthatistoobadtotolerate.

Thatthingismusic.Thesedays,allshopsandmanyofficeshavewhatisknownas“PipedMusic”or"muzak"playingforallthehoursthattheyareopen.Muzakhasanoddhistory.Duringthe1940s,musicwasplayedtocowsaspartofascientificexperiment.Itwasfoundthatcowswhichlistenedtosimple,happymusicproducedmoremilk.Perhapsworkersandcustomerswholistenedtosimple,happymusicwouldbemoreproductiveandspendmoremoney.

Infact,nobodyknowswhateffectplayingmuzakinshopshasonprofitsItissimplysomethingthateverybodydoes.Butwearelearningmoreabouttheeffectofconstantlyrepeatedhearingsofsongsonthepeoplewhohavetohearthemallthetime.

Researchshowsthatrepeatedhearingsofcomplexpiecesofmusicbringgreaterenjoymentbeforebecomingtiresome.Andthatpointcomemuchsoonerwithsimplesongs.

"That'sespeciallythecasewithtunesthatarcalreadyfamiliar.Oncethattippingpointisreached,repeatedlisteningbecomeunpleasant,saysProfessorJohnSlobodaofUK'sKeeleUniversity'smusicpsychologygroup."Andthelesscontrolyouhaveoverwhatyouhear,thelessyoulikeit.”

That'swhypoliceforcesintheUSoftentryandresolvehostagesituationsbyplayingpopsongsoverandoveragainathighvolume.Eventually,itbecomestoomuchforthecriminalstostandandtheygiveup.

TheproblemgetsparticularlybadatChristmas,whenthemuzakconsistsentirelyofthesamefewfestivetunesplayedoverandoveragain.Whatmakesitworsefortheshopworkersisthattheyalreadyknowthesetunes.Theygetboredveryquickly.Thentheygetirritated.Thentheygetangry.

ShopworkersinAustriarecentlythreatenedtogoonstrikefortherighttosilenee."Shopworkerscan'tescapetheChristmasmuzak.Theyfeelasiftheyareterrorizedallday.Especially

‘JingleBells'.Itarousesaggressivefeelings,"saidGottfriedRieser,oftheAustrianshopworker'sunion.

Itisnotjustshopworkerswhocomplain.AsurveythisyearbyUKrecruitmentwebsiteRfoundthatChristmasisnotonlythemosttestingtimeforshopworkers,butthatalmosthalfhadcomplaintsfromcustomersaboutmuzak.AndtheBritishRoyalNationalInstitutefortheDeafestimatesthatsomestoresplayjingleBells300timeseachyear.

"That'sacoustictorture,"saysNigelRodgersofPipedown,agroupagainstmuzak."It'snotloudbuttherepetitivenaturecausespsychologicalstress."

Thegroupwantsthegovernmenttolegislateagainstunwantedmusicinstores,hospitals,airports,swimmingpoolsandotherpublicplaces,claimingitraisesthebloodpressureanddepressestheimmunesystem.

PerhapsgroupslikePipedowndon'treallyhavemuchtocomplainabout.Afterall,surelytherealpointisthatpeoplehavemoneytospend.Whycomplainaboutabitofmusic?

注释：

1.pipedmusic通过线路输送的音乐

2.Andthatpointcomemuchsoonerwithsimplesongs.那一点（时刻）在听简单的歌曲时来的更快。

Thatpoint指上一句中讲到的听复杂的音乐时先觉得好听，然后就会感到厌烦。

这个出现变化的时刻。

3.tippingpoint从量变到产生质变的那一刻。

这里指反复听已经熟悉的曲调，从喜爱变为讨厌的那一刻。

4.JingleBells《铃儿响叮当》，西方国家十分流行的一首圣诞节歌曲。

1.TheshopworkersintheWesternworldaregladwhenChristmasisoverbecausetheydon'thaveto

A）rushtheirfeetoffallday.

B）listentothemusicplayingallthetimeintheshop.

C）workovertimetomakemoreprofitsfortheboss.

D）trytopleasethecustomers.

2.Ithasbeenprovedthatlisteningtosimple,happyhasagoodeffecton

A）cows.

B）workers.

C）customers.

D）bosses.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue;accordingtotheresearchfindingsreportedinparagraph6?

A）Repeatedhearingsofcomplexpiecesofmusicareenjoyableandnottiresome.

B）Repeatedhearingsofcomplexpiecesofmusicaretiresomeatfirstandthenbecome

enjoyable.

C）Repeatedhearingsofsimplesongsaremoreenjoyablethanthoseofcomplexpiecesof

music.

D）Repeatedhearingsofsimplesongsbecometiresomesoonerthanthoseofcomplexpiecesofmusic.

4.InhostagesituationstheUSpoliceforcesrepeatedlyplaypopsongsathighvolumeinorderto

A）putpressureonthecriminals.

B）distracttheattentionofthecriminals.

C）keepthecriminalsawake.

D）pleasethecriminals.

5.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingmostappropriatelyindicatesthenatureoftheeffectrepeatedhearingofthesametuneproducesonthehearer?

A）Social.

B）Physical.

C）Psychological.

D）Bothphysicalandpsychological.

【Key:

BADAD】

第三篇

FormerYugoslavleaderSlobodanMilosevicwasfounddeadlastSaturdayinhiscellattheHague-basedInternationalCriminalTribunalfortheformerYugoslavia.The64-year-oldhadbeenontrialtheresinceFebruary2002.

BorninprovincialPozarevacin1941,hewasthesecondsonofapriestandaschoolteacher.Bothofhisparentsdiedwhenhewasstillayoungadult.TheyoungMilosevicwas"untypical",saysSlavoljubDjukic,hisunofficialbiographer.Hewas"notinterestedinsports,avoidedexcursionsandusedtocometoschooldressedintheold-fashionedway-whiteshirtandtie."Oneofhisoldfriendssaid,hecould"imaginehimasastation-masterorpunctiliouscivilservant".

Indeedthatisexactlywhathemighthavebecome,hadhenotmarriedMira.Shewaswidelybelievedtobehisdrivingforce.

Atuniversityandbeyondhedidwell.Heworkedforvariousfirmsandwasacommunistpartymember.By1986hewasheadofSerbia'sCentralCommitter.Butstillhehadnotyetreallybeennoticed.

ItwasKosovothatgavehimhischanee.AnautonomousprovineeofSerbia,KosovowashometoanAlbanianmajorityandaSerbianminority.In1989,hewassenttheretocalmfearsofSerbianswhofelttheywerediscriminatedagainst.Butinsteadheplay