全国职称英语考试理工类A级考试试题及参考答案.docx
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全国职称英语考试理工类A级考试试题及参考答案.docx
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全国职称英语考试理工类A级考试试题及参考答案
2002年全国职称英语考试理工类(A级)考试试题及参考答案
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1Thepriceofvegetablesf1uctuatesaccordingtotheweather.
AjumpsBrises
CfallsDchanges
2Didyoudothattoirritateher?
AteaseBattract
CannoyDprotect
3Marylookedpaleandweary.
AillBtired
CworriedDpeaceful
4Thewaterinthispartoftheriverhasbeencontaminatedbysewage(污水).
ApollutedBdowngraded
CmixedDblackened
5Hertreatmentofthesubjectisexhaustive.
AveryboringBverythorough
CveryinterestingDverytouching
6Aliceisafascinatinggirl.
AabeautifulBapretty
CanattractiveDapleasant
7Hermoodcanbegaugedbyherreactiontothemosttrivialofincidents.
AdisplayedBshown
CprovedDassessed
8TheoldladyletherflattoanEnglishcouple.
AofferedBrented
CprovidedDsold
9Shestoodthere,cryingandtremblingwithfear.
AshakingBstaggering
CstrugglingDmurmuring
10Theystrolledaroundthelakeforanhourorso.
AranBrolled
CwalkedDraced
11Theconclusioncanbededucedfromthepremises.
AarguedBderived
CpermittedDcome
12Icannolongertoleratehisactions.
AputupwithBaccept
CtakeDsufferfrom
13Ourplanistoallocateonememberofstafftohandleappointments.
AaskBpersuade
CassignDorder
14Shehasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage.
AextensiveBnegative
CresponsiveDexplosive
15Iexpectthatshewillbeabletocaterforyourparticularneeds.
AsupplyBreach
CprovideDmeet
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该旬提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
EruptionsofMountSaintHelens
OnMarch27,theUSGovemmentscientistsmadeadecisionaftertheypredictedtheemptionofMountSaintHelens.Theytelephonedallstateandlocalofficialsintheareaandtoldthemthataseriouseruptionwaspossibleatanytime,Roadswereclosedtoeveryoneexceptscientistsandforestkeepersstruggledtokeepcuriousvisitorsawayfromthemountain.
ShortlyafternoononMarch27,MountSaintHelenseruptedforthefirsttimein123years.Peoplelivingnorthofthemountainheardaloudboomthatshooktheirwindows,andairlinepilotsflyingnearthevolcanosoonafterwardsdescribedathickblackcolunmofashandsteamshootingmorethan2,100metersintothesky.
Later,scientistsfoundthattheexplosionhadmadeanewcrater(大坑)inthetopofthemountain.notfarfromtheoldcrater.Thenorthsideofthepeaknowhadahugebulge(凸出部分)whererockandicehadbeenpushedoutbytheeruption.
AseconderuptionshookthemountainonMarch28.It,too,sentupacolumnofblackashhighintothesky.ByMarch29,scientistsflyingoverthemountainsawthatasecondcrater
formedabout9metersfromthefirstone.Strangeblueflamesflickered(闪烁)insidethecraterandsometimesjumpedfromonecratertotheother.
ByAprilthemountainhaderuptedseveralmoretimesandthesnowonthenorthslopeofthepeakwasblackwithash.Ashcarriedbythewindhadfallenontownsasfaras240kilometers
awayfromMountSaintHelens.
DuringthefirstweekofApril,MountSaintHelensgavescientistssomethingnewtoworryabout:
harmonictremors(震动)recordedbyscientistsshowedabigeruptionwouldhappen.AllduringAprilandintoMayMountSaintHelenscontinuedtoshudder(震动)andshootoutash.By.April8,twocratershadmergedtofromavastholenearlyahalfofakilometerwideand250metersdeep.
Scientists'mainworryduringthistimewasthegrowingbulgeofrockandiceon.thenorthfaceofthemountain.ByMay7scientistsfearedtheworst.TheirwarningsledWashingtonGovernortosetupsafetyzonesaroundthemounmin.Theinner"red"zonewasopentoscientistsonly.Theouter"blue"zonewasopenonlytopeoplewhogotspecialpermits.Butinspiteof
thesewarnings,somepeoplegotpasttheroadbarriersandriskedtheirlivestryingtogetclosetothevolcano.
16AmericanscientistspredictedthatMountSaintHelenswastoeruptsoon.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17Pilotsflyingattheheightofmorethan2,100meterssawathickblackcolumnofashandsteamshootingupintotheairfromthecrater.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
18Anewcrater,whichwastothesouthoftheoldone,wasformedaftertheSeconderuption.
ARight.BWrongCNotmentioned
19ThequakesrecordedduringthefirstweekofAprilintheareaofMountSaintHelenswarnedscientistsofaneweruption.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
20TwoscientistslosttheirlivesduringtheseconderuptionofMountSaintHelens.
A.RightBWrongCNotmentioned.
21MostofthedreadfuleruptionsofMountSaintHelenstookplaceinearlyMay.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
22TheeruptionofMountSaintHelensattractedalargenumberofforeigntourists.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第3~6段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
ElectromagneticEnergy
1.Whitelightseemstobeacombinationofallcolors.Theenergythatcomesfromasourceoflightisnotlimitedtothekindofenergyyoucansee.Heatisgivenoffbyaflameoranelectriclight.Onacloudydayitispossibletogetasunbameventhoughyoufeelcoo1.Visiblelightandthekindsofenergythatproducewarmthandsunburnareexamplesofelectromagneticenergy.
2.Thesunis93millionmilesfromtheearth.Yetwecanuseenergyfromthesunbecauseelectromagneticenergytravelsthroughspace.
3.ManyOtherkindsofenergyarealsotypesofelectromagneticenergy.Radio,television,andradarsignalstravelfromtransmitterstoreceiversaslow-energyelectromagneticwaveslInfrared(红外线的)radiationisanelectromagneticwave.Whenitisabsorbedbymatter.heatisproduced.Wavesofinfraredandvisiblelighthavemoreenergythanwavesofradio,television,orradar.Ultravioletrays(紫外线)andX-raysareelectromagneticwaveswithevengreateramountsofenergy.Infraredradiationisusedincookingfoodandheatingbuildings.Sunlightandelectriclightsarepartofourrequirementsfornormalliving.Ultravioletradiationisusefulinkillilagcertaindiseaseorganisms.X-raysandgammarayshavesomuchenergythattheytravelrightthroughsolidobieets.Theycanbeusedtodetectandtreatcancer.X-raysareusedinindustrytofindhiddencracksinmetal.andinmedicinetorevealbrokenbones.
4.Usuallyweuseelectricityto.generateelectromagneticenergy.Thesourceofmostofourenergyisthesun.Heatfromthesuncauseswatertoevadorate.Whenthewaterfallstotheearthasrain.someofitistrappedbehinddamsandthenusedtooperateelectricgenerators.Othergeneratorsarepoweredbycoal,buttheenergystoredincoalcamefromthesun,too.
5.Untilrecently,thesourceofthetremendousamountofenergygivenoffbythesunwasapuzzle.Ifthesundependedonchemicalreactions.itwouldhaveusedupallitsenergylongago.Experimentswithelectromagneticradiationledtothetheorythatmasscanbeconvertedintoenergy.Aboutfortyyearsafterthetheorywasproposed,nuclearenergywashamessed(利用)byman.Chemicalenergycomesfromelectron(电子)rearrangement.Nuclearenergycomesfromachangeinthenucleusofanatom.Comparedwithchemicalreactions,nuclearreactionsreleasemillionsoftimesmoreenergyperpoundoffuel.Wenowbelievethatthesun'senergycomesfromthenuclearreactionsinwhichhydrogenischangedintohelium(氦).
6.Nuclearenergyisbeginningtocompetewithcoalasaneconomicalsourceofpowertogenerateelectricity.Itisalsobeingusedtooperateenginesinlargeships.Scientistscontinuetoseeknewandbettermethodsofobtainingandusingenergy.
23Paragraph3
24Paragraph4
25Paragraph5
26Paragraph6
ANuclearReactionsastheLastingSourceoftheSun'sEnergy
BTheMostlmportantSourceofEnergy
CTypesofElectromagneticEnergy
DTheMachinesUsedforEnergyGeneration
ESeekingNewSourcesofEnergy
FTheUseofUltravioletRadiationinMedicine
27Onecangetasunburneven.
28Infraredradiationcanproduceheat.
29X-raysandgammarayscanbeusedtodetectand
treatcancer.
30Chemicalenergyisgenerated.
Awhenitisabsorbedbymatter
Bwhenitiscloudy
Cbecausetheycanpassthroughsolidobjects
Dwhenthesunraysarefierce
Ewhenachangeinthenucleusofanatomtakesplace
Fwhenelectronrearrangementtakesplace
第4部分:
阅读理解(第3~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每题后面有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题,从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇ValuingChildhood
Thevalueofchildhoodiseasilyblurred(变得模糊不清)intoday'sworld.Considersomerecentdevelopments:
Thechild.murderersintheJonesboro,Ark.schoolyardshootingcasewereconvictedandsentenced.Twoboys,7and8,werechargedinthemurderofan11-year-oldgirlinChicago.
Childrenwhocommithorriblecrimesappeartoactoftheirownwill.Yet,aslegalproceedingsinJonesboroshowed,theoneboywhowasabletoaddressthecourtcouldn'tbegintoexplainhisacts.thoughhetriedtoapologize.Theremayhavebeenamotive-youthfuljealousy(妒忌)andresentment.Butadeeperquestionremains:
Whydidtheseboysandothersinsimilartroubleapparentlylackanyinner,moralrestraint?
ThatquestionechoesfortheaccusedinChicago.youngastheyare.Theywantedthegirl'sbicycle,aselfishimpulsecommonenoughamongkids.
Redemption(拯救)isapracticalnecessity.Howcanvalueberestoredtoyounglivesdistortedbyactsofviolence?
TheboysinJonesbor
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