高考英语阅读理解训练二十六.docx
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高考英语阅读理解训练二十六.docx
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高考英语阅读理解训练二十六
高考英语阅读理解训练二十六
Passage1
Overthepastcentury,analarmingnumberofanimalshavebecomeendangeredorevenextinct.Belowaresomeanimalswhosenumbershavebeenrapidlydroppinginrecentyears.
PandaBear
Oneofthebiggestreasonscontributingtothedeclineinthepandaspeciesisthedestructionofitsnaturalhabitat.FarmersinChinahavegraduallybeenclaimingmoreandmoreoftheland.Asaresult,pandasareforcedtomoveawaytoplaceswhereitishardtofindbambooforfood.
GreenTurtle
Thegreenseaturtlespecieshassurvivedforseveralmillionsofyears,soyoumightwonderwhyit'sonlybecomingendangerednow.Amajorcauseisthechangeinclimateandtemperature,whichbothaffectthehatchingratesofturtleeggs.Climatechangesalsocauseviolentweatherandrisingwaterlevelstofloodareaswhereturtlesusuallygotolaytheireggs.Apartfromthis,oilspillsandotherpoisonouspollution,aswellasincreasedfishingactivitiescancausesickness,orevendeathtothegreenturtles.
Cheetah
Cheetahsarefamousforbeingthefastestanimalonlandbuteventheycan'trunfromsomeofthelargerthreatsthathaveharmedthem.Likethepandabears,cheetahshavegraduallybeenlosingtheirnaturalhomesduetohumansclaiminglandanddevelopinginthoseareasTomakemattersevenworse,smalleranimalsmoveawaywhentheseareasareoccupied,whichmeansthatthecheetahhaslessfood!
Don'tforgetthatotherlargeanimals,suchaslions,arealsofightingforanyfoodthattheycanfind,sooccasionallyyoungcheetahsendupaspreytoo.
IndianElephant
Elephantsareextremelyintelligentanimalsandalsothelargestmammalsthatliveonland.Sadly,inAsiamanyelephantswerekilledsothatpeoplecouldremovetheirtuskstouseasdecorativeobjects.Whilethispracticehasbeenbannednow,somepeoplestillillegallycontinue.ForestsinIndiahavealsobeensteadilydestroyedandelephantsaresometimeskilledwhentheyenduponhumanterritory.
1.Humans'increasingdemandforlanddoesn'taffectthenumberof.
A.IndianelephantsB.cheetahs
C.pandabearsD.greenturtles
2.Wecansavethelargestmammalslivingonlandby.
A.plantingmorebamboos
B.helpingthemfindmates
C.stoppinghuntingthem
D.preventingpoisonouspollution
3.Thelivingconditionsofthefastestanimalonlandbecomeworsebecause.
A.forestshavebeendestroyed
B.theyarethreatenedbyhumansandlargeranimals
C.peoplearefondofhuntingwildanimals
D.nolawbanspeoplefromremovingtheirtusks
Passage2
"Doesmysmilelookbiginthis?
"Futurefitting-roommirrorsinclothingstorescouldsubtlyadjustyourreflectiontomakeyoulook─andhencefeel─happier,encouragingyoutolikewhatyousee.
That'stheideabehindtheEmotionEvokingSystemdevelopedbyShigeoYoshidaandcolleaguesattheUniversityofTokyoinJapan.Thesystemcanmanipulate,orinotherword,controlyouremotionsandpersonalpreferencesbypresentingyouwithanimageofyourownsmilingorfrowningface.
Theprinciplethatphysiologicalchangescandriveemotionalones─thatlaughtercomesbeforehappiness,ratherthantheotherwayaround─isawell-establishedidea.
Theresearcherswantedtoseeifthisideacouldbeusedtobuildacomputersystemthatmanipulateshowyoufeel.Thesystemworksbypresentingtheuserwithaweb-cameraimageofhisorherface─asiftheywerelookinginamirror.Theimageisthensubtlyalteredwithsoftware,turningthecornersofthemouthupordownandchangingtheareaaroundtheeyes,sothatthepersonappearstosmileorfrown(皱眉).
Withouttellingthemtheaimofthestudy,theteamrecruited(招募)21volunteersandaskedthemtositinfrontofthescreenwhileperforminganunrelatedtask.Whenthetaskwascompletetheparticipantsratedhowtheyfelt.Whenthefacesonscreenappearedtosmile,peoplereportedthattheyfelthappier.Ontheotherhand,whentheimagewasgivenasadexpression,theyreportedfeelinglesshappy.
Yoshidaandhiscolleaguestestedwhethermanipulatingthevolunteers'emotionalstatewouldinfluencetheirpreferences.Eachpersonwasgivenascarftowearandagainpresentedwiththealteredwebcamimage.Thevolunteersthatsawthemselvessmilingwhilewearingthescarfweremorelikelytoreportthattheylikedit,andthosethatsawthemselvesnotsmilingwerelesslikely.
Thesystemcouldbeusedtomanipulateconsumers'impressionsofproducts,saytheresearchers.Forexample,mirrorsinclothing-storefittingroomscouldbereplacedwithscreensshowingalteredreflections.Theyalsosuggestpeoplemaybemorelikelytofindclothesattractiveiftheyseethemselveslookinghappywhiletryingthemon.
"It'scertainlyaninterestingarea,"saysChrisCreedattheUniversityofBirmingham,UK.Buthenotesthatusingsuchtechnologyinashopwouldbeharderthaninthelab,becausepeoplewilluseawiderangeofexpressions."Attemptingtomakeslightdifferencestotheseandensuringthatthereflectedimagelooksbelievablewouldbemuchmorechallenging,"hesays.
Ofcourse,therearealsoimportantmoralquestionssurroundingsuchsubtlymanipulativetechnology."Youcouldarguethatifitmakespeoplehappywhatharmisitdoing?
"saysCreed."ButIcanimaginethatmanypeoplemayfeelmanipulated,uncomfortableandcheatediftheyfoundout."
1.What'sthemainpurposeoftheEmotionEvokingSystem?
A.Toseewhetherone'sfeelingcanbeunconsciouslyaffected.
B.Toseewhetherone'sfacialexpressionscanbealtered.
C.Toseewhetherlaughtercomesbeforehappiness.
D.Toreplacethemirrorsinfutureclothing-storefittingrooms.
2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheweb-cameraimageinthestudy?
A.Itrecordedthevolunteers'performanceinthetask.
B.Itgavethevolunteersafalseimage.
C.Itattemptedtomakethevolunteersfeelhappier.
D.Itbeautifiedthevolunteers'appearanceinthemirror.
3.WhatdoesCreedmentionasalimitationofthetechnology?
A.Itonlychangestheareasaroundthemouthandtheeyes.
B.Itonlyworksinclothingstores.
C.Itonlymakessubtlechangestopeople'sexpressions.
D.Itonlydealswithalimitednumberoffacialexpressions.
4.WhatdoesCreed'scommentonthemoralissueswiththistechnologyimply?
A.Nothingismoreimportantthanhappiness.
B.Technologyisunabletomanipulatepeople.
C.Peopleshouldmaketheirdecisionsindependently.
D.Peopleshouldneglecttheharmofthetechnology.
Passage3
Whilethestartofanewschoolyearisalwaysexciting,thisyearwasevenmoresoforsomeelementaryschoolstudentsinAuckland,NewZealand.Theybecametheworld’sfirstkidstobe“taught”byadigitalteacher.Beforeyoustartimaginingahuman-likerobotwalkingaroundtheclassroom,Willisjustanavatarthatappearsonthestudent’sdesktop,orsmartphonescreen,whenorderedtocome.
Theautonomousanimationplatformhasbeenmodeledafterthehumanbrainandnervoussystem,allowingittoshowhuman-likebehavior.ThedigitalteacherisassignedtoteachVector’s“Besustainablewithenergy”—afreeprogramforAucklandelementaryschools.
Justlikethehumansitreplaced,Willisabletoinstantlyreacttothestudents’responsestothetopic.Thankstoawebcamandmicrophone,theavatarnotonlyrespondstoquestionsthekidsmayhave,butalsopicksupnon-verbalcues.Forinstance,ifastudentsmilesatWill,herespondsbysmilingback.Thistwo-wayinteractionnotonlyhelpsattractthestudents’attention,butalsoallowstheprogram’sdeveloperstomonitortheirengagement,andmakechangesifneeded.
NikhilRavishankarbelievesthatWill-likeavatarscouldbeanovelwaytocatchtheattentionofthenextgeneration.Hesays,“Ihavealotofhopeinthistechnologyasameanstodelivercost-effective,rich,educationalexperienceinthefuture.”
Theprogram,inplacesinceAugust2018,hasbeenagreatsuccessthusfar.Ravishankarsays,“WhatwasfascinatingtomewasthereactionofthechildrentoWill.Thewaytheylookattheworldissocreativeanddifferent,andWillreallycapturedtheirattention.”However,regardlessofhowpopularitbecomes,Willisunlikelytoreplacehumaneducatorsanytimesoon.
1.WhatwasspecialforsomeelementaryschoolstudentsinAuckland?
A.Adigitalteachertaughtthem.
B.Theyfirstsawsomethingdigital.
C.Thiswasthestartofanewschoolyear.
D.Theycouldgetclosetosmartphonescreen.
2.Whatisthebenefitofthistwo-wayinteraction?
A.Itcansmileback.B.Itcanusemicrophone.
C.Itcantalkanytopicforfree.D.Itcanchangeifnecessary.
3.What’sRavishankar’sattitudetoWill’sreplacingHumaneducatorssoon?
A.Optimistic.B.Doubtful.
C.Unclear.D.Disapproving.
4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.NewHigh-techContributestoEducation
B.TheWorld’sFirstDigitalTeacherAppearsinClassroom.
C.TheWorld’sFirstDigitalTeacher,aHelptoStudents
D.NewZealandWillReplaceTeachersinClassrooms
Passage4
Somepeoplearesorude!
Whosendsanemailoratextmessagethatjustsays“Thankyou”?
Wholeavesavoicemailmessageratherthantextsyou?
WhoasksforafacteasilyfoundonGoogle?
Don’tthesepeoplerealizethatthey’rewastingyourtime?
MaybeI’mtherudeonefornotappreciatinglife’slittlepoliteness.Butmanysocialagreedstandardsjustdon’tmakesensetopeopledrowningindigitalcommunication.
Intexts,youdon’thavetodeclarewhoyouareorevensayhello.Email,too,isslowerthanatext.Voicemailisanowimpolitewayoftryingtoconnect.
Myfatherlearnedthislessonafterleavingmeadozenvoicemailmessages,noneofwhichIlistenedto.Exasperated,hecalledmy
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