新目标英语八年级上Unit3比较等级讲解与练习无答案.docx
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新目标英语八年级上Unit3比较等级讲解与练习无答案.docx
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新目标英语八年级上Unit3比较等级讲解与练习无答案
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八年级上册语法专题之
——形容词副词的比较级与最高级
形容词分为三种等级:
原级,比较级与最高级。
一、形容词的原级及用法
◆形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化)
1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较
2.可以修饰原级的词:
very、quite、enough(“足够”,用在形容词后)soprettytoohowrather(相当)(not)as…as(“(不)像…一样”,同级比较)notso…as(“不像…一样”,同级比较)
e.g.Howhappyweare!
我们多么高兴啊!
Thisrulerisaslongasthatone.这把尺子和那把一样长。
(变否定句)
Thisrulerisnotas/solongasthatone.
二、形容词比较级最高级变化规则
①单音节词比较级在词尾加er,最高级加est
cold—colder—coldesttall—taller—tallest
high—higher—highestlong—longer—longest
②以字母e结尾的词只加r或stnice—nicer—nicestlate—later—latest
fine—finer—finest
③重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加er或est
big—bigger—biggesthot—hotter—hottest
wet—wetter—wettestthin—thinner—thinnestred—redder—reddestfat—fatter—fattest
sad—sadder—saddest
④以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i再加er或esteasy—easier—easiestearly—earlier—earliest
funny—funnier—funniesthappy—happier—happiest
heavy—heavier—heaviestdirty—dirtier—dirtiest
⑤多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或most
interestingimportantdifficultexcitiedtired
carefulpopularexpensiveboringfun
⑥不规则变化
little—less—leastgood/well—better—best
bad/ill/badly——worse——worst
many/much——more——most
old——older——oldest(年龄大的,与than连用)
old—elder—eldest(“年长的”,只作定语不与than连用)
far——farther——farthest(距离远)
far——further——furthest(除距离外,还指程度上更进一步的)
★★口诀:
合二为一共三对,“坏、病”、“两多”并“两好”;一分为二有两个,一是“远来”、二是“老”;还有一词含双义,只记“少”来不记“小”。
◆副词比较级和最高级的变化规则大致与此相同
三、比较级用法
比较级的基本用法及常用句型结构
(1)含义:
两个人或事物之间的比较
(2)标志词:
than(比)
★★①可以修饰比较级的副词:
much(…得多)a little(一点儿)
a lot(…得多)a bit(一点儿)
far(…得多)even(甚至)still(仍然)rather(更) eg:
Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。
Tom looks alittleyounger than before.汤姆比以前年轻一点。
She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。
②比较级常用的句型结构★考点1.“A+比较级+than+B”表示:
“A比B…”
eg:
Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。
I get up earlier than my mother every morning.我每天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。
★考点2.“A+比较级+than+any other+单数名词”,表示:
“A比其他任何一个都……”,(含义是:
同一范围内比较,甲最……”。
) eg:
The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。
v【注意:
加other(其它的),其功用为避免和本身做比较。
The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。
】
★考点3.““比较级+and+比较级”,表示:
“越来越……”。
eg:
He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。
Thestorybecamemoreandmoreinteresting.这故事变得越来越有趣了。
He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。
【注:
多音节形容词或副词表示“越来越…”用:
more and more +adj/adv原级】
★考点4.““the+比较级,the+比较级”,表示:
“越……,越……”。
eg:
Themore,thebetter.越多越好。
Themoreweget,thehappierwe'llbe.我们得到越多就越快乐。
★考点5.““特殊疑问词+比较级,AorB?
” eg:
Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?
哪一个大,地球还是月球?
Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?
谁画得比较好,詹妮还是丹尼?
★考点6.”of+the+比较范围,…+the+比较级…”
eg:
OfthetwoAustralianstudents,Mashais________one.在两个澳大利亚人当中,玛莎比较高。
最高级的基本用法及常用句型结构
(1)用法:
三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。
①in+短语(在…之中)
(2)标志词:
②of+短语(在…当中)考点①.主语+the+最高级+in/of短语”表示:
“……是……中最……的”。
eg:
Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。
This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。
I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。
【注:
形容词的最高级前通常加定冠词the,副词的最高级前定冠词the通常可以省略】
考点②“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词,表示:
“…是…中最…之一”。
eg:
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。
考点③.“特殊疑问词+the+最高级+甲,乙,or丙?
”用于三者及以上的比较。
eg:
Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?
哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?
Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?
你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天?
【注意:
两者之间用比较级;三者(或以上)用最高级】
形容词、副词的原级比较
(1)用法:
两者就同一事物进行比较。
肯定句:
as+形容词原形+as表示:
与......一样
(2)句型结构
否定句:
notso/as+形容词原形as表示:
......不如......
eg:
Sheisastallashersister.(她和她姐姐一样高。
)
Herunsnotso/asfastashisclassmates.(他跑得不如他的同学们快。
)
Self-Check
一、单项选择
1.Ifeeltired,soIwanttogotobed____tonight.
A.earlyB.earlierC.lateD.later
2.Thefoodofourcountryis___thanthatofwesterncountries.
A.rathergoodthanB.muchbetterthan
C.morebetterthanD.sogoosas
3.Theiceinthelakeisas____asitwasbefore.
A.thinB.thinnerC.thinnestDthethinnest
4.Whois_____runningstarinyourschool?
A.famousB.morefamousC.themostfamousD.lessfamous
5.—Whichseasondoyoulike_____?
—Summer.
A.goodB.wellC.thebetterD.best
6.Lucy’spenis___nicerthanyours.
A.tooB.moreC.quiteD.alittle
7.—Isyourbrotherasoutgoingasyou?
—No,he’saquietboy.Heis________.
A.lessoutgoingthanmeB.notsocalmasI
C.moreoutgoingthanmeD.asoutgoingasI
8.—Howareyoutoday?
—Much____.
A.goodB.wellC.betterD.thebest
9.Tom’scardisnewerthan____.
A.ourB.herC.myD.his
10.___ismorebeautifulthanroses.
A.NootherflowerB.NoanotherflowerC.NototherflowerD.Notallflowers
11.Marystudiesharder______inherclass.A.asanyoneB.thananyothergirlC.thantheotherD.thananyone
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Heis3timesas_____(old)asme.
2.I’mtootiredtogoany_________.(far)
3.Whois_____,LilyorLucy?
4.Tomisthe_______(heavy)ofthethree.
5.Tomisthe_______ofthetwoboys.
6.Russiais_______(large)thananyothercountryintheworld.
7.Hiscomputeristhe_______________(expensive)ofall.
8.Youarepretty___________(beautiful).
9.Thebookis____________(useful)thanthatone.
10.Who’sthe_________(healthy),you,heorshe?
11.How______(small)theshirtis!
Iwanta________(big)one.
12.Youhave_______(short)and______(curly)hairthanSusan.
13.Isthisstreetalot______(noisy)thanthatone?
14.Ifeelmuch_____________(excited)now.
15.Soccerisbecoming_____and_______________(popalar)inChina.
16.Mysisterdoesn’twriteas_____(good)asIdo.
17.The______(much)youpractice,the______(good)yourEnglishwillbe.
18.Nootheranimalis_______(scary)thanasnake.
19.Mathisless________(difficult)thanEnglish.
20.Whata_______(funny)boy!
21.You’re_______(bad)atsportsthanme.
22.It’sthethird_______(long)riverinChina.
三、句型转换
1.Ihaveabigbag.Hehasasmallbag.(合并)Mybagis_____than______.
2.Youarefunny.He’sfunny,too.(合并)Youare______funny_____him.
3.TomisthinnerthanSam.(同义句)
=Samis______thanTom.=Samisn’tas______asTom.
4.HeandIarethesame.Wearequiteboys.(合并)Heis_____quite_____I.
5.They’retall.You’retall.too.ButI’mtallerthananyoneelse.(合并)
I’m___________ofall.
【形容词比较级语法专项练习题】
1.Ithinkrealcardsare____thane-cards.(2008北京中考)
A.niceB.nicerC.nicestD.thenicest
2.LeecametoBeijingin2005.Hehasbeenhere_____thanyou.(2009北京中考)
A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongest
3.—Whichcolordoyoulike________,blueorgreen?
(2010北京中考)
—Blue.
A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest
4.Iworkhardthisterm,butPeterworksmuch____.(2012北京中考)
A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest
5.Debbieisgrowingfast.Sheiseven____________thanhermother.(2013北京中考)
A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest
6.—Whichseasondoyoulike_________,winterorsummer?
(2014北京中考)
—Summer.A.wellB.betterC.bestD.thebest
7.Hissuitlooks______thantheoneIboughtyesterday.(2013-2014石景山期末)
A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest
8.IlikeEnglishverymuch.Ithinkit’salittle____thanmath.(2013-2014朝阳区期末)
A.easyB.easier
C.easiestD.theeasiest
9.PeterworkshardonChinesethisterm,butAliceworkseven_______.(2013-2014大兴一模)
A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest
10.Ithinkskiingis__________thanclimbing.That’swhyIlikeit.
A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.mostexcitingD.themostexciting(2013-2014
形容词、副词(原级、比较级和最高级)练习
A部分
I用适当形式填空:
1.Bobis_________(young)thanFredbut___________(tall)thanFred.
2.YingTianisnotas___________(tall)asYongXian.
3.Almostallthestudents'facesarethesamebutLiDeminglooks_______(fat)thanbeforetheholidays,
4.Whichis_________(heavy),ahenorachicken?
5.--How_________(tall)isSally?
--She's1.55metres________(tall).WhataboutXiaoling?
She'sonly1.40metres_____(tall).
Sheismuch___(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe___(short)girlintheclass.
6.Heis_____(bad)atlearningmaths.Heismuch_____(bad)atChineseandheisthe_______(bad)atEnglish.
7.AnniesaysSallyisthe________(kind)personintheworld.
8.Heisoneofthe_________(friendly)peopleintheclass,Ithink.
9.Adictionaryismuch_________(expensive)thanastory-book.
10.Anorangeisalittle______(big)thananapple,butmuch________(small)thanawatermelon.
11.TheChangjiangRiveristhe_______(long)riverinChina.
12.Sueisalittle________(beautiful)thanhersister.
13.Myroomisnotas_________(big)asmybrother's.
14.--Howdifficultisphysics?
--I'mnotsure.--Isit________(difficult)thanmaths?
--Idon’tthinkso.
15.Annieplaysthepianovery_____(well).Sueplaysit___(well)thanAnnie.AndSallyplaysitthe____(well).
16.Saturdayismy_________(busy)dayinaweek.
17.Hermotherisgetting____________(fat)and________(fat).
18.Ithinkit’stooexpensive.I’dlikea_____________(cheap)one.
19.Hecomestoschoolmuch____________(early)thanI.
20.Thisbookisnotas_____________(interesting)asthatone.
21.Yourclassroomis__________(wide)and_________(bright)thanours.
22.Practiseas__________(much)asyoucan.
23.The________(much),the____________(good).
24.NowadaysEnglishis_________(important)thananyothersubject,1think.
25.Mostofthestudentsthinkalionismuch________(dangerous)thanabearanditi
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